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Climate Changes and Their Impact on Phytoplankton and Physicochemical Properties of the Tigris River, Baghdad, Iraq
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The study was conducted in the Tigris River in Baghdad during May 2021 until March 2022 to follow the impact of climate change, rising temperatures, and the presence of pollutants on the dynamics of phytoplankton and some physicochemical variables from four sites. The results showed that the climatic conditions during different seasons, in addition to the nature of the sampling sites, have a clear and significant impact on the studied traits and, in turn, affect the phytoplankton community. The highest average temperature (30.67 ˚C) was recorded; the pH values ranged between 8.70 & 6.75; the electrical conductivity (1208.18-770.11 µS/cm ) and the total dissolved solids (TDS) (778.95- 439.49 mg/L) were evaluated. Upon measuring the total hardness and turbidity, a significant increase was detected at the third site during winter, amounting to 67.26 NUT and 775.46mg/ L, respectively. The dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) was recorded at the fourth site during winter (10.08- 4.67 mg/L), while the BOD ranges were 4.87- 2.51mg/ L. A benefit in the average values of plant nutrients was detected at the third site affected by the waste liquid disposal area of the Medical City Hospital Complex compared to the nutrient concentration at the other three sites, which was 3.43, 4.87, 13.50 & 409.00mg/ L for NO3 PO4 and SiO2 and S04, respectively, The study was able to classify 161 species of phytoplankton belonging to 69 genus, the largest percentage of which was Baciliariophyceae (42%), followed by Cyanophyceae (27%), Chlorophyceae (24%), Euglenophyceae (4%) and 1% for Chrysophyceae, Xanthphyceae, and Cryptophyceae. Recent years have witnessed severe climatic conditions affecting various environmental factors in the study area. The phytoplankton community has been vulnerable to their impact altering the physical and chemical properties of the river water. This indicates that the aquatic environment responds to climatic conditions.

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 03 2016
Journal Name
Al-mustansiriyah Journal Of Science
Synthesis and Characterization of Some New Metal Complexes of Ligand [N-(3-acetylphenylcarbamothioyl)-4-chlorobenzamide]
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A new ligand [N-(3-acetylphenylcarbamothioyl)-4-chlorobenzamide] (CAD) was synthesized by reaction of 4-Chlorobenzoyl isothiocyanate with 3-amino acetophenone, The ligand was characterized by elemental micro analysis C.H.N. S., FT-IR, UV-Vis and 1H,13C- NMR spectra, some transition metals complexes of this ligand were prepared and characterized by FT-IR, UV-Vis spectra, conductivity measurements, magnetic susceptibility and atomic absorption, From obtained results the molecular formula of all prepared complexes were [M(CAD)2(H2O)2]Cl2 (M+2 =Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Hg),the proposed geometrical structure for all complexes were octahedral

Publication Date
Wed Jul 26 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Formulation and Evaluation of Fast Dissolving Tablets of Taste-Masked Ondansetron Hydrochloride by Solid Dispersion
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Ondansetron hydrochloride (ONH) is a very bitter, potent antiemetic drug used for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of chemotherapy or radiotherapy or postoperative induced emesis. The objective of this study is to formulate and evaluate of taste masked fast dissolving tablet (FDTs) of ONH to increase patient compliance.

 ONH taste masked granules were prepared by solid dispersion technique using Eudragit E100 polymer as an inert carrier. Solvent evaporation and fusion melting methods were used for such preparation.

Completely taste masking with zero release of drug in phosphate buffer pH 6.8was obtained from granules prepared by solvent evaporation method using drug: polymer ratio of 1:2, from which four formulas pas

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Publication Date
Fri Aug 01 2025
Journal Name
Imam Jaafar Al-sadiq University Journal Of Human And Social Sciences
Examination of Identity and Alienation in Postcolonial Literature: Analysis of Nervous Conditions by Tsitsi Dangarembga
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This research explores the themes of identity and alienation in Tsitsi Dangarembga's famous novel, Nervous Conditions, through Kimberlé Crenshaw's intersectionality theory. The story takes place in postcolonial Zimbabwe and delivers a fascinating illustration of the intersecting domains of gender, race, class, and colonial legacies that shape the characters' experiences of identity and alienation. Benefitting from Crenshaw's intersectional paradigm, this article explores the multidimensional interface of societal categorizations and power relations in the novel, revealing the complex dynamics of individuals as they negotiate their identities in a postcolonial context. Through a thorough examination of Tambudzai's journey and the problems o

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 30 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Anodic and Cathodic preparation of MnO2/Co2O3 Composite Electrode Anodes for Electro-Oxidation of Phenol
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   The economical and highly performed anode material is the critical factor affecting the efficiency of electro-oxidation toward organics. The present study aimed to detect the best conditions to prepare Mn-Co oxide composite anode for the electro-oxidation of phenol. Deposition of Mn-Co oxide onto graphite substrate was investigated at 25, 30, and 35 mA/cm2 to detect the best conditions for deposition.  The structure and the crystal size of the Mn-Co oxide composite electrode were examined by using an X-Ray diffractometer (XRD), the morphological properties of the prepared electrode were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques, and the chemical composition of the various

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 24 2024
Journal Name
Al-rafidain Journal Of Medical Sciences ( Issn 2789-3219 )
Development and Characterization of Hyaluronic Acid-Incorporated Thermosensitive Nasal in situ Gel of Meclizine Hydrochloride
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Background: Meclizine hydrochloride (MCZ) is an antihistamine that is used as an antiemetic to prevent and cure nausea and vomiting. Because of its limited water solubility and first-pass metabolism, it exhibits variable absorption. Objective: To formulate and evaluate MCZ as an intranasal in situ gel with increased residence time and permeability. Methods: We made an inclusion complex of MCZ using various cyclodextrins as a complexing agent to help the drug dissolve better. The complexes were studied, and the ones that were better at dissolving were chosen to be used in the creation of an in situ gel with poloxamer 407 (17–20% w/v) and hyaluronic acid (0.25–0.75% w/v). Prepared formulas were subjected to various evaluation tes

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 07 2015
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Separation and Determination of Some Organic Acids in Dry Calyces of Iraqi Hibiscus Sabdariffa Linn
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A new reversed phase- high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method with Ultraviolet-Visible spectrophotometry has been optimized and validated for the simultaneous extraction and determination of organic acids present in Iraqi calyces of Hibiscus Sabdraffia Linn. The method is based on using ultrasonic bath for extracting organic acids. Limit of detection in µg/ml of Formic acid, Acetic acid, Oxalic acid, Citric acid, Succinic acid, Tartaric acid, and Malic acid 126.8498×10-6, 113.6005×10-6, 97.0513×10-6, 49.7925×10-6, 84.0753×10-6, 92.6551×10-6, and 106.1633×10-6 ,respectively. The concentration of organic acids found in dry spacemen of calyces of Iraqi Hibiscus Sabdraffia Linn. under study: Formic acid, Acetic acid,

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Publication Date
Fri Apr 01 2022
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Comparison of Protein Concentration in Red and White Muscles in Two Species of Bony Fish
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The current study deals with estimating the protein concentration and the effect of fish weight on protein concentration values in red and white muscles in two different regions ( R1 : Anterior region lies 2 cm behind the head and R2: posterior region lies 2cm from caudal fin  (in  two types of bony fish, namely common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Samples were collected from Karmat Ali river- north of Basrah between October 2019 and February 2020. The protein was extracted using protein extraction buffer, the current study show that the average of  protein concentration in red muscles of Nile tilapia ranged between  7.74-7.4 mg / ml  and ( 6.8-8.85 mg / ml) in R1 and R2 region re

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Publication Date
Sun Aug 30 2020
Journal Name
Turkish Journal Of Agriculture - Food Science And Technology
Determination of Operating Characteristics of 540 and 540E PTO Applications in Disc Type Silage Machines
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In this study, performance characteristics such as power take off (PTO) power consumption, fuel consumption, fuel consumption for the unit field-unit product were determined at different working speeds with two different PTO applications (540 and 540E) in a single row disc type silage machine. In particular, the 540E PTO application greatly reduces fuel consumption for unit work. The best results in terms of hourly fuel consumption were achieved in 540E PTO application and V1 working speed. When the field - product fuel consumption is evaluated, the best results were obtained with the 540E PTO application at the V3 working speed. When an evaluation is made considering all the parameters, it is concluded that the 540E PTO application will p

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Publication Date
Fri Aug 30 2024
Journal Name
مجلة كلية اللغة العربية بأسيوط
Shades of meanings of letters in Arabic (Some double and triple letters are an example)
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Meaning letters in Arabic are characterized by the diversity and abundance of their linguistic material, and are also distinguished by their large number and types, to the point that some of them have reached a hundred letters confined to five categories

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2016
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis and Characterization of Some New Metals Complexes of [N-(4-Nitrobenzoyl Amino)-Thioxomethyl] Phenylalanine
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A new ligand [N-(4-nitrobenzoylamino)-thioxomethyl] phenylalanine is synthesized by reaction of 4-nitrobenzoyl isothiocyanate with phenylalanine (1:1). It is characterized by micro elemental analysis (C.H.N.S.), FT-IR, (UV-Vis) and 1H and 13CNMR spectra. Some metals ions complexes of this ligand were prepared and characterized by FT-IR, UV-Visible spectra, conductivity measurements, magnetic susceptibility and atomic absorption. From results obtained, the following formula [M(NBA)2] where M2+ = Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pd, Cd and Hg, the proposed molecular structure for these complexes as tetrahedral geometry, except copper and palladium complexes are have square planer geometry.