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EXTRACTING PECTIN FROM TOMATOES AND BEET PEELS AND USING IT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF YOGURT AND COMPARING THEM
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Pectin is available in many plants and in this study, the peels of tomatoes and beet were used to be an economical source of pectin production instead of dumping it with waste or using it as animal feed. The pectin extracted from the peels using different solutions, namely citric acid (2 M), oxalic acid (2%) and hydrochloric acid (0.5 M) the outcome of the extraction methods, 7. 1%, 6% and 11% respectively for tomatoes peels, while the pectin of beet peels were 8%, 6.5%, and 8.3%, and the highest percentage obtained in the manner of hydrochloric acid adopted in the manufacture of yogurt.Yogurt was manufactured with four treatments, in the first treatment standard pectin was added and the second treatment in addition to the pectin extracted from the peels of the tomatoes and the third treatment in addition to the peels of the beet and the treatment forth without adding any pectin. The samples were incubated with 42°C for 5 hours and the flavor grades were 9.2, 7.4, 7.2, 6.6 and the viscosity were 9.1, 8.6, 8.2, 5.3 for yogurt made with standard pectin and yogurt made with pectin extracted from tomatoes peels, and yogurtmade with pectin extracted from beet peels and pectin-free milk, respectively and the same order for color 9.3, 8.2 and 7.8. To know the ability of pectin to catch water, the yogurtwas recycled in the aforementioned treatments after milk was manufactured at a low solid rate material of (10%) and the incubation period was extended to 24 hours to help the whey become clear and it was found that the pectin-free milk had exuded the whey, while the standard pectin was able to prevent the extruding entirely while there was littleexudation in the treatment containing the pectin of tomatoes. There was more exudation in the treatment containing the pectin of the beet.

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Energy Procedia
Threshold Current Density of Al0.1Ga0.9N/GaN Triple Quantum Well Laser
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Semiconductor laser is used in processing many issues related to the scientific, military, medical, industrial and agricultural fields due to its unique properties such as coherence and high strength where GaN-based components are the most efficient in this field. Current technological developments mention to the strong connection of GaN with sustainable electronic and optoelectronic devices which have high-efficiency. The threshold current density of Al0.1Ga0.9N/GaN triple quantum well laser structure was investigated to determine best values of the parameters affecting the threshold current density that are well width, average thickness of active region, cavity length, reflectivity of cavity mirrors and optical confinement factor. The opt

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2022
Journal Name
Civil And Environmental Engineering
Performance of Prestressed Concrete Hunched Beams with Multi-Quadrilaterals Openings
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Abstract<p>A long-span Prestressed Concrete Hunched Beam with Multi-Quadrilateral Opening has been developed as an alternative to steel structural elements. An experimental program was created and evaluated utilizing a single mid-span monotonic static load on simply supported beams, which included six beams with openings and the solid control beam without openings, to investigate the performance of such beams. The number and height of the quadrilateral openings are the variables to consider. According to test results, the presence of openings in the prestressed concrete hunched beam with multi-quadrilateral opening did not considerably affect their ultimate load capacity with respect to a contro</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Mon Jun 04 2018
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Fabricated of Cu Doped ZnO Nanoparticles for Solar Cell Application
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Copper with different concentrations doped with zinc oxide nanoparticles were prepared from a mixture of zinc acetate and copper acetate with sodium hydroxide in aqueous solution. The structure of the prepared samples was done by X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and UV-VIS absorption spectrophotometer. Debye-Scherer formula was used to calculate the size of the prepared samples. The band gap of the nanoparticle ZnO was determined by using UV-VIS optical spectroscopy.

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
Solzhenitsyn's Style of Artistic Research: Опыт стиля художественного исследования А.Солженицыным
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 Aleksandr Isayevich Solzhenitsyn was born in 1918 in Kislovodsk. His father was educated, and despite his peasantry origin, he got a university degree. Unfortunately, however, Solzhenitsyn could not recognize his father, for he died before his birth.

Solzhenitsyn was accused of being an opponent to the Soviet Union due to his activities of that time. He was exiled to a forced labour camp for eight years, on the surroundings of Moscow. He spent three years in Kazakhstan, and was sent to the life exile. He was set free in 1956. He worked as a teacher in in rural schools in Vladimir and then in Rezhran. 

His greatest works were in the reign of Kherchov, and in 1962 appeared his story under the title of "One day in

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 18 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Elastic transverse electron scattering form factors of 11Li exotic nucleus
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        The elastic transverse electron scattering form factors have been studied for the 11Li   nucleus using the Two- Frequency Shell Model (TFSM) approach. The single-particle wave functions of harmonic-oscillator (HO) potential are used with two different oscillator parameters bcore and bhalo. According to this model, the core nucleons of 9Li nucleus are assumed to move in the model space of spsdpf. The outer halo (2-neutron) in 11Li is assumed to move in the pure 1p1/2, 1d5/2, 2s1/2 orbit. The shell model calculations are carried ou

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 09 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
An Overview of Some Plant Based Products With Hepatoprotective Activity
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In folk medicine there are various medicinal amalgamation possessing hepatoprotective activity. This activity is of significance because several toxins cause liver injury. Hence, many pharmaceutical companies are targeting herbal medicines for the treatment of liver abnormalities and towards evolving a safe and effective formulation with desired route of administration. In current review we have focused on the studies showing hepatoprotective effect using marine compounds and plant derived compounds. Liver disorder, a global health problem, usually include acute or chronic hepatitis, heptoses, and cirrhosis. It may be due to toxic chemicals and certain antibiotics. Uncontrolled consumption of alcohol also affects liver in an unhealthy wa

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Publication Date
Fri Nov 02 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Evaluation of nurses practices toward patients who undergo cardiac catheterization
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Objective: To evaluate the nurse's practices and it's relationship between with thier demographic characteristic.
Methodology: A descriptive study was carried out , from January 15th 2002 to April 15th 2002 , to evaluate the
nurse’s practices toward patients who undergo cardiac catheterization . A purposive sample of ( 65 ) nurse , was
selected out of three teaching hospitals in Baghdad city . These nurses were worked at the catheterization units
and catheterization labs .A questionnaire was constructed for the purpose of the study , which comprised of three
major parts in which there were ( 45 ) items . Reliability and validity of the questionnaire were determined
through the conduct of a pilot study .
Data were c

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Indian Journal Of Public Health Research &amp; Development
Maternal Attitude Toward Formula Feeding among Sample of Iraqi Mothers
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Publication Date
Mon Nov 05 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Assessment of Paramedical Specialty Students' Knowledge about Swine Flu Pandemic
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Objectives: This study aims to assess the knowledge, regarding Swine Flu pandemic among a sample of paramedical
specialty students of Medical Technology Institute (Baghdad).
Methodology: The study sample included (110) male and female students, randomly selected, and data was collected by
previously prepared questionnaire including different questions covering different clinic-epidemiological aspects of the
disease and followed by statistical analysis using simple binomial tests and average percentage of correct answers.
Results: The higher percentage of correct responses regarding causative virus 83%, it is respiratory disease 83%,
transmission among people through the droplets 83%, and by touching contaminated surface

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Publication Date
Sat May 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Physics: Conference Series
Adsorption Studies of Cobalt (II) Complex By Bentonite clay surface
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This paper is summarized with one of the applications of adsorption behavior; A UV-Vis method has been applied to survey the isotherm of adsorption. Results for experimental showed the applicability of Langmuir equation. The effect of temperature on the adsorption of cobalt (II) Complex by bentonite surface was studied. The results shown that the amount of adsorption was formed to increase, such as the temperature increase (Endothermic process). Cobalt (II) Complex has adsorption studies by bentonite surface at different pH values (1.6-10); these studies displayed an increase in adsorption with increasing pH. ∆G, ∆H, and ∆S thermodynamic functions of the cobalt (II) Complex for their adsorption have been calculated