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A Pragma- Stylistic Analysis of Formal Congratulatory Letters in English and Arabic
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Politeness strategies are of significant importance to maintain the face of the addressee. Senders of formal congratulatory letters seek to create a positive image in the minds of their addresses by performing particular illocutionary acts and face-saving acts (FSAs) in the form of written texts. To the best knowledge of the researcher, this topic received little attention from linguistic researchers, especially on the pragma-stylistic level. The importance of this study arises from the fact that congratulatory formal letters are an effective tool in the successful performance of foreign relations and thus deserve investigation. The current study investigates the pragmastylistic aspects of illocutionary acts and FSA Politeness Strategies in some selected English and Arabic formal congratulatory letters written by English and Arabic officials. Findings reveal that assertive constitutes the highest frequency in English data, while expressive occurs more in Arabic. Besides, the FSA politeness strategy (Use appropriate forms of address) includes most of the total frequency in both English and Arabic data, which still it appeared more in English. Additionally, (Exaggerate interest, sympathy with H) comes next in Arabic, while (Be optimistic) appeared more in English. In addition, results show that exaggeration (Hyperbole) is the prevalent stylistic device used in Arabic. Arabic officials usually exaggerate the glorification of people in authoritative positions, while English high officials tend to be more moderate. The findings will be helpful in cross-cultural comparative studies and other related fields.

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Publication Date
Mon Nov 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Analysis of women's job offer through entrepreneurship The case of Algeria
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The aim of this scientific paper is to highlight the effective role of women working in economic development, especially those working in the entrepreneurial sector, which we see as encouraging at the macro-economic level and at the personal level, by highlighting their potential to help them enter the private labour market, value them and empower their role in the economic arena in order to win this bet to become productive and effective workers at all levels.

Through this paper, we will try to highlight the role of Algerian women's contribution to economic development through access to the world of entrepreneurship, and we will also try to find statistics on their success levels at the local and interna

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Publication Date
Sat May 16 2009
Journal Name
Journal Of Planner And Development
Quantitative analysis of the economic characteristics of the land transport network
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Highway network could be considered as a function of the developmental level of the region, that it is representing the sensitive nerve of the economic activity and the corner stone for the implementation of development plans and developing the spatial structure. The main theme of this thesis is to show the characteristics of the regional highway network of Anbar and to determine the most important effective spatial characteristics and the dimension of that effect negatively or positively. Further this thesis tries to draw an imagination for the connection between highway network as a spatial phenomenon and the surrounded natural and human variables within the spatial structure of the region. This thesis aiming also to determine the natu

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Aip Conference Proceedings
Evaluation of FEMM software for magnetic analysis of the magnetorheological application
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Publication Date
Sat Feb 09 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The martial rights and duties (Rights and duties of a woman and a man)
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This research addresses the relevance of men and women and the consequent provisions
such as dowry and alimony ... Of the like, marriage is to organize links masculinity and
femininity any sexual meeting between men and women a special system that must be
produces reproduction him and alone, which gets its reproduction in human kind, and has no
family and on the basis of private life is being organized.
The importance of the topic see Islam has urged marriage and forbade celibacy, and ensure
that the Lord of Glory Almighty married subsidy nor the origin of the differences between
men and women in money or workmanship or blue-chip Every Muslim inept any Muslim and
every Muslim efficient for any Muslim.
The impor

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2024
Journal Name
Results In Engineering
Implementation of a control and monitoring system for a cathodic protection cell to mitigate localized corrosion in fixed and mobile steel structures
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The current study introduces a novel technique to handle electrochemical localized corrosion in certain limited regions rather than applying comprehensive cathodic protection (CP) treatment. An impressed current cathodic protection cell (ICCPC) was fabricated and firmly installed on the middle of a steel structure surface to deter localized corrosion in fixed or mobile steel structures. The designed ICCPC comprises three essential parts: an anode, a cathode, and an artificial electrolyte. The latter was developed to mimic the function of the natural electrolyte in CP. A proportional-integrated-derivative (PID) controller was designed to stabilize this potential below the ICCPC at a cathodic potential of −850 mV, which is crucial for prote

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2024
Journal Name
Results In Engineering
Implementation of a control and monitoring system for a cathodic protection cell to mitigate localized corrosion in fixed and mobile steel structures
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Publication Date
Wed Nov 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Analysis of the effects of foreign direct investment in financial account of the balance of payments iraqi for 2003-2015
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The study aims to make an in-depth  analysis and the financial account components in the Iraqi balance of payments because it reflects the economic center of the country towards outside world, it also helps in making decision about monetary and financial policies, finance and foreign Trade the importance of FDI for Iraq lies as an important sources as wells provides advanced technology  and job chances, It also avoids the country negative effects of borrowing processes from abroad . for analyzing direct and indirect foreign investment on the balance of payments and financial account in a period between (2003 to 2015), a community and research sample have been selected, presented in CBI/ Balance of payments. Department,

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 29 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Content Analysis of Social Studies Book at the Secondary School in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Curricula System- Joint Program) in the Light of the Cultural Intelligence Dimensions
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The study aimed at recognizing the availability of the cultural intelligence dimensions in social studies book at the high school in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia (curricula system- joint program). The study used the descriptive approach and content analysis method. As tools of the study, the study adopted a list of cultural list of indicators and dimensions that suits the secondary stage social curricula. It further adopted a content analysis form designed to analyze the social studies book in the secondary school in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The study has reached several results, the most significant results were: There is a difference in including the cultural intelligence dimensions in social studies book at high school in the kingd

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 23 2018
Journal Name
Entropy
Methods and Challenges in Shot Boundary Detection: A Review
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Publication Date
Tue Jun 14 2016
Journal Name
Al-academy
Idealism and Realism in The Design: A Comparative Study
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At the beginning of the twentieth century distorting handling totalitarian phenomena of art, which can be called the stage of the test, transition from the theory of ideal theory and other realistic is not cushy, since it requires vision and reading and other concepts, and in light of this dialectic manifested research problem by asking the following Is affected by the design idealism and realism. Through the above mentioned questions, the researcher found rationale for addressing this problem, the study through his research, which is marked (idealism and realism in a comparative study design). And demonstrated the importance of research in the identification of the concept and the effectiveness of the two theories idealism and realism a

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