This study was aimed to determine the mutations and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in exon 3 and 7 of estrogen receptor beta (ESR2) gene in women with breast cancer from Iraq. Different samples (blood, fresh tissue with blood from same patient, and formalin fixed paraffin embedded, FFPE) were collected from women with breast cancer. Molecular analysis exon 3 and 7 in ESR2 has been studied by using PCR. It was found exon 3 and 7 in ESR2 were revealed as a single band with size 151 and 157 bp, respectively. There was no SNP in exon 3 has been identified. While three novel polymorphisms (ACT, AGG and GCA) were detected in exon 7, the type of those polymorphisms deletion for ACT and AGG while substitution polymorphism for GCA. From this

This research aims to use chemical reaction to determine some of beta lactam antibiotics which include cephalexin and ceftriaxone in some pharmaceuticals by formation Prussian Blue complexes and using them for the UV-Vis., determination of drugs at wavelengths range (700- 720)nm by reaction them with FeCl3 in the presence of reagent K3[Fe(CN)6] in acid media . The optimal experimental conditions for the complex formation have been studied such as volume of HCl , K3[Fe(CN)6] , FeCl3 ,temperature and reaction time .Analytical figures of merits obtained on applying the developed procedure for cephalexin and ceftriaxone resp. are Linearity,(2-10),(1-7)?g.ml-1 LOD(0.0601,0.0330) ?g.ml-1. The de

Background: This study aimed to determine the value of Beta angle for a sample of Iraqi adults with class I skeletal and dental relations and to verify the existence of sexual dimorphism and to find out the relation between this angle and other craniofacial measurements. Materials and Methods: Sixty dental students (23 males and 37 females) with an age ranged between 20-31 years old and having class I skeletal and dental relations were chosen for this study. Each student was subjected to clinical examination and digital true lateral cephalometric radiograph. The radiographs were analyzed using AutoCAD 2007 computer program to measure the angular and linear variables. Descriptive statistics were obtained for the measurements for both genders

Beta-lactam medications are among the commonly used antibiotics. These drugs kill germs by disrupting cell wall formation. This drug treats bacterial infections in numerous body sections. A new, quick, high-performance liquid chromatography approach has been developed and verified by the FDA and EMA for the simultaneous estimation of drugs in their medicinal and pure forms. This study deals with the determination of beta-lactam drugs (Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Cephalexin, Cefotaxime, Cefoxitin, Cefamandole, Cephalothin, Piperacillin, Penicillin, Oxacillin, Cloxacillin, Nafcillin, Carbenicillin, Mezlocillin, Dicloxacillin) by a Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) technique based on an UV detector using a

  Methylotrophs bacteria are ubiquitous, and they have the ability to consume single carbon (C1) which makes them biological conversion machines. It is the first study to find facultative methylotrophic bacteria in contaminated soils in Iraq. Conventional PCR was employed to amplify MxaF that encodes methanol dehydrogenase enzyme. DNA templates were extracted from bacteria isolated from five contaminated sites in Basra. The gene specific PCR detected Methylorubrum extorquens as the most dominant species in these environments. The ability of M. extorquens to degrade aliphatic hydrocarbons compound was tested at the laboratory. Within 7 days, gas chromatographic (GC) studies of remaining utilize

This research is an initial attempt to explore the reality of education and its concept in Islam, and to describe the presence of educational practices in the Arab-Islamic heritage. The importance of this research lies in addressing a set of important issues related to the contemporary Islamic educational system. The research revealed the extent of the need for authentic educational values that draw their reference from the origins of Islam, and it emphasized the analysis of the reality of education in the Islamic world and the identification of its problems and the finding of solutions through a quick and comprehensive look at the diverse contributions of Muslimthinkers to Islamic educational thought, and their active ro

Abstract The concept of quantum transition is based on the completion of a succession of time dependent (TD) perturbation theories in Quantum mechanics (QM). The kinetics of "quantum" transition, which are dictated by the coupled motions of a lightweight electrons and very massive nuclei, are inherent by nature in chemical and molecular physics, and the sequence of TD perturbation theory become unique. The first way involved adding an additional assumption into molecule quantum theory in the shape of the Franck-Condon rule, which use the isothermal approach. The author developed the second strategy, which involved injecting chaos to dampen the unique dynamically of the bonding movement of electrons and nuclei in the intermediary state of

The inhibitory effect of acetone, ethanol, and aqueous extracts of ten medicinal plants on β-lactamase from Staphylococcus sciuri and Klebsiella pneumoniae was investigated in vitro by starch-iodine agar plate method. The results revealed the success of starch-iodine method for the detection of the inhibition of β-lactamase activity by the various extracts of each individual plant. The acetone extracts of Catharanthus roseus, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, and Schinus terebinthifolius induced an inhibitory effect on β-lactamase from Staphylococcus sciuri. On the other hand, acetone extracts from only Eucalyptus camaldulensis, and Schinus

Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to rifampicin is mainly mediated through mutations in the rpoB gene. The effects of rpoB mutations are relieved by secondary mutations in rpoA or rpoC genes. This study aims to identify mutations in rpoB, rpoA, and rpoC genes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates and clarify their contribution to rifampicin resistance. Seventy isolates were identified by acid-fast bacilli smear, Genexpert assay, and growth on Lowenstein Jensen medium. Drug susceptibility, testing was performed by the proportional method.  DNA extraction, PCR, and sequencing were accomplished for the entire rpoA, rpoB, and