In this study, the Halder-Wagner method was used for an analysisX-ray lines of Tio2 nanoparticles. Where the software was used to calculate the FWHM and integral breath (β) to calculate the area under the curve for each of the lines of diffraction. After that, the general equation of the halder- Wagner method is applied to calculate the volume (D), strain (ε), stress (σ), and energy per unit(u). Volume (β). Where the value of the crystal volume was equal to (0.16149870 nm) and the strain was equal to (1.044126), stress (181.678 N / m2), and energy per unit volume (94.8474 J m-3).The results obtained from these methods were then compared with those obtained from each of the new paradigm of the HalderWagner method, the Shearer development method, and the Munshi-Shearer method, and their results for new the Halder - Wagner method crystal volume model (0.16487774nm), strain (1.28564), retinal stress (223.7021 N / m2), energy per unit volume (109.333 J m-3) and for Munshi-Shearer crystal volume (0.14985728 nm) , and the development of Shearer retinal stress (162.0636 N / m2) and strain (0.9314), energy per unit volume (75.473 J m-3).
In this study, the melting-cooling method was used to prepare the chalcogenide compound S60-Se40-X-PbX. Four samples were obtained by partial replacement of Selenium with Lead in the weight ratios x = 0, 10, 20, and 30, respectively. The materials were mixed separately, ground, placed in quartz ampoules, and heated to 500 degrees Celsius. After conducting several operations on the samples, their insulating properties were studied, represented by the real dielectric constant and the imaginary dielectric constant, and the electrical conductivity was measured as a function of the frequency. It was found that partial replacement plays an impo
The cytotoxic effect of catechol was examined in two human cancer cell lines, Epidermoid larynx carcinoma (Hep- 2), Cerebral glioblastoma multiforme (AMGM-5) and Murine mammary adenocarcinomacell (AMN3) treated with half concentrations of catechol (1000, 500, 250, 125, 62.5 and 32.25 μM) for 72 hr. The get hold of results showed catechol have a toxic effect of the cell viability of three types of cell lines after 72h of exposure, the toxicity was dependent on catechol concentrations and/or autoxidation for quinines formation, there were a marked decreased of cell viability in a dose dependent manner in all cell line types. Inhibition concentration of catechol for 50% of cell viability (IC50) were calculated, they were at 581.5 μM, 478 μM
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The problem of poverty is one of the most important development challenges facing developing countries including Sudan for several decades. Although many efforts have been made to reduce poverty, however, its rates are increasing, and public policies adopted by the government in this regard remain elusive in achievinging its main objectives or making any significant progress. The purpose of the present study is to analyse poverty in Sudan by identifying its measurement, causes and the factors that have contributed to the increasing poverty rates over the past two decades. Also this study aims at investigating the interim poverty reduction strategy in Sudan as well as evaluates that strategy throug
... Show MoreABSTRACT This study developed two adsorbents for extracting salbutamol sulphate (SAS) from water and urine samples after derivatisation with 2-aminobenzothiazole as a colour reagent. These adsorbents include cetylpyridinium chloride surfactant (CPC) modified silica and alumina-coated magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4/SiO2/CPC and Fe3O4/Al2O3/CPC). The derivatisation of SAS with the colour reagent resulted in an orange azo dye with maximum adsorption wavelengths of 443.0 nm. UV–Vis spectroscopy was used to identify the target analyte following the magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) method. Under optimal conditions, the concentration ranges of 0.03–5.00 µg/mL and 0.05–6.00 µg/mL with good linearity (˃ 0.99), the detection limi
... Show MoreThe aim of this work is to shed light on the importance of medicinal plants, especially those that have extracts that have a direct effect on human health. The study and identification of botany is necessary because human life has become closely linked to the life of plants as food. In addition to using plants as food, primitive man did not stop at this point, but rather developed their use to hunt prey and also used toxic plant materials in wars. With the passage of time, the ancient man was able to link the wild plants that cover the surface of the earth and the diseases that afflict him, so he used these plants or Parts of it are for treatment. A medicinal plant is defined as one or more of its parts that contain one or more chemicals in
... Show MoreThe aim of this work is to shed light on the importance of medicinal plants, especially those that have extracts that have a direct effect on human health. The study and identification of botany is necessary because human life has become closely linked to the life of plants as food . In addition to using plants as food, primitive man did not stop at this point, but rather developed their use to hunt prey and also used toxic plant materials in wars. With the passage of time, the ancient man was able to link the wild plants that cover the surface of the earth and the diseases that afflict him, so he used these plants or Parts of it are for treatment. A medicinal plant is defined as one or more of its parts that contain one or more che
... Show MoreThis study is unique in this field. It represents a mix of three branches of technology: photometry, spectroscopy, and image processing. The work treats the image by treating each pixel in the image based on its color, where the color means a specific wavelength on the RGB line; therefore, any image will have many wavelengths from all its pixels. The results of the study are specific and identify the elements on the nucleus’s surface of a comet, not only the details but also their mapping on the nucleus. The work considered 12 elements in two comets (Temple 1 and 67P/Churyumoy-Gerasimenko). The elements have strong emission lines in the visible range, which were recognized by our MATLAB program in the treatment of the image. The percen
... Show MoreNowadays nanoparticles are used in many fields of life all over the world, and there are numerous ways to obtain them: chemical, physical and biological processes. In recent times, the biological method for the synthesis of nanoparticles associated with using plant extract is widely spread. Optimal conditions for synthesis of silver nanoparticles using aqueous seeds extract of Myristica fragrance were highlighted in this research, such as type of plant extract, weight of extracted plant material, volume ratio of plant extract to AgNO3 and temperature of reaction. The study proved that the optimal status for AgNPs synthesis by using 10 g of M. fragrance seeds powder were added to 100 mL boiled distilled water, then homogenized and f
... Show MoreThe wound healing process is incredibly intricate, consisting of a series of cellular activities. Although, this complex process has the potential to degenerate and result in chronic wound problems that are resistant to biological healing mechanisms. Nanoparticles can help to reduce inflammation, promote tissue regeneration, and accelerate wound healing. The proteolytic enzymes are believed to break down proteins and other molecules that can cause inflammation and impede the healing process. Wound was created in vivo using adult mice, and by taking blood samples the hematological parameters were evaluated to detected the effects of bromelain, silver nanoparticles and Br-AgNPs. The results shows an increased in white blood cells WBC, RBC, MC
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