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Farnesoid X receptor activation increases reverse cholesterol transport by modulating bile acid composition and cholesterol absorption in mice
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Activation of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) markedly attenuates development of atherosclerosis in animal models. However, the underlying mechanism is not well elucidated. Here, we show that the FXR agonist, obeticholic acid (OCA), increases fecal cholesterol excretion and macrophage reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) dependent on activation of hepatic FXR. OCA does not increase biliary cholesterol secretion, but inhibits intestinal cholesterol absorption. OCA markedly inhibits hepatic cholesterol 7α‐hydroxylase (Cyp7a1) and sterol 12α‐hydroxylase (Cyp8b1) partly through inducing small heterodimer partner, leading to reduced bile acid pool size and altered bile acid composition, with the α/β‐muricholic acid proportion in bile increased by 2.6‐fold and taurocholic acid (TCA) level reduced by 71%. Overexpression of Cyp8b1 or concurrent overexpression of Cyp7a1 and Cyp8b1 normalizes TCA level, bile acid composition, and intestinal cholesterol absorption. Conclusion: Activation of FXR inhibits intestinal cholesterol absorption by modulation of bile acid pool size and composition, thus leading to increased RCT. Targeting hepatic FXR and/or bile acids may be useful for boosting RCT and preventing the development of atherosclerosis. (Hepatology 2016;64:1072‐1085)

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 29 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Degree of Secondary School Managers' Practice of Servant Leadership in Gaza from the Teachers’ Perspective : رندة عيد شرير, و سحر محمد حرب
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Abstract

The study aims to know the degree of secondary school managers' practice of servant leadership in Gaza from their teachers’ perspective. It further aims to examine whether there are any statistically significant differences at (α 0.05≥) between the means of the study sample’s members attributed to variables such as (gender, educational qualification, and years of experience). To achieve the objectives of the study, the study adopted the descriptive survey method, using a questionnaire consisting of (30) items distributed to four domains: (workers service, ethical dealing, motivation & influence, and building an organized, integrated society). Then, the questionnaire was distributed to  t

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 15 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Iraq The Impact of Lee’s Cognitive Strategy on the Achievement of the 5th Grade Literary brunch Female Students in the Module of History
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  The research aims to find out the impact of Lee’s cognitive strategy on the achievement of fifth-grade literary students in the module of history. The research community consists of the secondary female day schools of Al-Karkh Al-Oula Directorate General of Education. The size of the research sample comprises (45) female students of the fifth grade of the literary brunch, (21) students for the experimental group and (24) students for the control group. The researchers have chosen an experimental design with partial control to suit the current research and its goal. They used a unified tool to measure the achievement of female students, which consisted of (50) items characterized by sincerity and they extracted the stability of t

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 11 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Effect of accounting disclosure in the size of the risks or return for portfolio insurance: An applied research at the national insurance company
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This research aims to numerous risks to the portfolio of the insurance company that arise from practicing the activity in general, and the risks arising from insurance contracts in particular, and what is the role of the company in the disclosure to help users (such as owners) to understand and concentration of risks in the financial reporting and identifying movable risks size to reinsurers that may affect the solvency of the portfolio and makes them at a given moment required to fulfill the obligations towards policyholders outweigh the financial capacity, which leads to stumble or bankruptcy.

So I sought this research is to identify the extent of the obligation to disclose the accounting for this risk and the extent of their i

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 30 2026
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Adopting the addition of iron waste as a source for iron (II) ion in Electro-Fenton system for the removal of triple dyes
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Use of electrodes that provide a high surface area for reaction, such as Nickel foam and Carbon Fiber Felt, has proven highly efficient in treating wastewater. In this study, a mixture of dyes (Eosin Y, Methylene Blue, and Methylene Violet) was treated using Ni foam as a cathode and carbon fiber felt as an anode in the Electro-Fenton process, relying on iron waste, such as iron filings, as the catalyst source. The analysis characterization of electrodes and iron filings was determined by Energy dispersive X-Ray (EDX) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests. The results showed high efficiency in decomposing the dye mixture. The highest Re % 96.4591 which attained after accomplishing the experiments based on Response Surface Method (RSM)

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 16 2019
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Academic Trends of Paper Press in Comparison with Internet Press A Field Study on Professors o College of Media at University of Baghdad
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This search seeks to know the trends of academics in the field of Press and audio, video and read press about paper press compared with continued development and widespread deployment of web journalism. This research belongs to descriptive studies which depends on sample survey approach adopted by five-meter design measuring trends. It contains 28 items having applied honesty and reliability transaction and the scale form is distributed to the sample studied of about 110 professors and then the researcher collects them and then applying the appropriate statistical program to get the results. This search seeks to know the trends of academics in the field of Press and audio, video and read press about paper press compared with continu

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 14 2024
Journal Name
Al-rafidain Journal Of Medical Sciences ( Issn 2789-3219 )
Impact of MDR-1 Gene Polymorphism (rs1128503) on Response to Imatinib or Nilotinib in Iraqi Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: An Observational Study
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Background: There is a significant molecular response to imatinib given at standard doses in individuals with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) whose ABCB1 polymorphisms are present. Objective: To investigate the impact of the polymorphism in the ABCB1 gene rs1128503 on the effectiveness of nilotinib or imatinib therapy. Methods: From May 2022 until the end of January 2023, the current study was carried out in a single research institution, the National Center of Hematology, Baghdad Teaching Hospital at Medical City, Iraq. 76 people with chronic phase myeloid leukemia (CML-CP), who had previously received a diagnosis using the European Leukemia Net (ELN) criteria, enrolled in the trial. The PCR product was delivered to Macrogen Corpora

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 25 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The Impact of Using the Information Technology on The Audit Profession: A Study of the Sample of Auditor Viewpoints in Selected Arab Countries
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This study aims to clarify areas of using information technology in accounting and its impact on the profession of auditors by reviewing the concept, types, areas and the importance of information technology and its implications on the audit profession as well as to clarify the extent of contribution of information technology in  developing of procedures of the audit profession and what its requirement, also this study aims to enhance the theoretical side by identifying the views of a sample of auditors in  Arab countries selected (Iraq, Syria, Jordan), for the extent of using of information technology in their work and level of their perception for the importance of that

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 30 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Mechanisms of Including the Skills of 21st Century in the Educational Competencies of the Basic Education Stage: Kingdom of Bahrain as an Example
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The study aims to set an image to the mechanisms of the skills of the 21st century in the educational competencies of the basic education stage. To achieve this aim, a qualitative research design has been adopted in its analytical content analysis way. The study has arrived to the following conclusions:  the availability of: the communicative and team work skills with a percentage of 25.9%, linguistic competency with a percentage of 24.6%, the skills of local and global citizenship, creativity, and problem solving with a percentage of 13.6%, critical thinking with a percentage of 10.38%, technological culture with a percentage of 5.8%, pioneerism and initiativeness with a percentage of 10.38%, technological culture with a percentage of

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 03 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The Role of Integrated Reporting in Reducing Information Asymmetry: Analytical Research of A sample of Iraqi Banks listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange
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Allowing Iraqi companies to use multiple systems and policies leads to varying levels of disclosure and no high symmetry between report preparers and users, and that the adoption of integrated reporting can reduce information asymmetry. The theoretical side addressed the concepts of these variables, and in the practical side the binary variable (0, 1) was used. To compensate for the value of the independent variable (integrated reporting) based on the Central Bank of Iraq’s classification of banks according to the (CAMLES) index, and the dependent variable (information asymmetry) was measured through two measures (price difference, unusual return), the research community was represented by (5) Banks out of the total of banks li

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 31 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Reflection of the application TD-ABC approach on profits persistence Applied study in the General State of Hydraulic Industries Factory of Plastic*
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The interest of many companies has become dealing with the tools and methods that reduce the costs as one of the most important factors of successful companies, and became the subject of the attention of many economic units because of the impact on the profits of company, and since the nineties of the last century the researchers and writers gave great attention to this subject, especially in light of the large competition and rapid developments in cost management techniques, as well as the wide and significant change in production methods that have been directed towards achieving customer satisfaction, all this and more driven by economic units in all sectors whether it is service or productivity to find methods that would reduc

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