The harvest of hydrocarbon from the depleted reservoir is crucial during field development. Therefore, drilling operations in the depleted reservoir faced several problems like partial and total lost circulation. Continuing production without an active water drive or water injection to support reservoir pressure will decrease the pore and fracture pressure. Moreover, this depletion will affect the distribution of stress and change the mud weight window. This study focused on vertical stress, maximum and minimum horizontal stress redistributions in the depleted reservoirs due to decreases in pore pressure and, consequently, the effect on the mud weight window. 1D and 4D robust geomechanical models are built based on all available data in a mature oil field. The 1D model was used to estimate all mechanical rock properties, stress, and pore pressure. The minimum and maximum horizontal stress were determined using the poroelastic horizontal strain model. Furthermore, the mechanical properties were calibrated using drained triaxial and uniaxial compression tests. The pore pressure was tested using modular dynamic tester log MDT. The Mohr–Coulomb model was applied in the 4D model to calculate the stress distribution in the depleted reservoir. According to study wells, the target area has been classified into four main groups in Mishrif reservoir based on depletion: highly, moderately, slightly, and no depleted region. Also, the results showed that the units had been classified into three main categories based on depletion state (from above to low depleted): L1.1, L1.2, and M1. The mean average reduction in minimum horizontal stress magnitude was 322 psi for L1.1, 183.86 psi for L1.2, and 115.56 psi for M1. Thus, the lower limit of fracture pressure dropped to a high value in L1.1, which is considered a weak point. As a result of changing horizontal stress, the mud weight window became narrow.
The field work to study morbidity & nutritional status of 3828 child aged between 659 months in Basra, Misan and Thi Qar governorate. The results indicated that 14%, 11.7% and 5.4% of the children suffer from diarrhea, Fever & Acute Respiratory Infection (API) respectively. While the prevalence of malnutrition for the children at the three governorate indicated that the chronic was 24.8%, 25.1% and 23%, general malnutrition was 17.1%, 21.4% and 22% where as the acute malnutrition was 9.2, 9.4 and 14.2 respectively.
The study addresses the problem of stagnation and declining economic growth rates in Arab countries since the eighties till today after the progress made by these countries in the sixties of the last century. The study reviews the e
... Show MoreThe oxidative stress is result of unbalancing between oxidants and antioxidants in the body. Hypertension (HT) is a measure of average systolic blood pressure which created by the heart contracting, greater ?140 mmHg or an average diastolic blood pressure, which is the heart fills, of ?equal to 90 mmHg. The study is conducted on 28 female patients with HT from Ibn Al-nafese hospital in addition to 28 female control. The markers measured are albumin, malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-Hydroxy deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). Also electrophoresis study on extracted DNA with Fenton reaction was done. Results of this study show there are high significant decrease (p?0.01) in albumin concentration of patient related to control, and there is a high significan
... Show MoreThe Aim of this paper is to investigate numerically the simulation of ice melting in one and two dimension using the cell-centered finite volume method. The mathematical model is based on the heat conduction equation associated with a fixed grid, latent heat source approach. The fully implicit time scheme is selected to represent the time discretization. The ice conductivity is chosen
to be the value of the approximated conductivity at the interface between adjacent ice and water control volumes. The predicted temperature distribution, percentage melt fraction, interface location and its velocity is compared with those obtained from the exact analytical solution. A good agreement is obtained when comparing the numerical results of one
RM Abbas, AA Abdulhameed, AI Salahaldin, International Conference on Geotechnical Engineering, 2010
In this paper the definition of fuzzy anti-normed linear spaces and its basic properties are used to prove some properties of a finite dimensional fuzzy anti-normed linear space.
The bony pelvis has a major role in weight transmission to the lower limbs. The complexities of its geometric form, material properties, and loading conditions render it an open subject to biomechanical analysis.
The present study deals with area measurement, and three-dimensional finite element analysis of the hip bone to investigate magnitudes, load direction, and stress distribution under physiological loading conditions.
The surface areas of the auricular surface, lunate surface, and symphysis pubis were measured in (35) adult hip bones. A solid model was translated into ANSYS parametric design language to be analyzed by finite element analysis method under different loading conditions.
The surface
... Show MoreIn this research a recent developed practical modeling technique is applied for the glucose regulation system identification. By using this technique a set of mathematical models is obtained instead of single one to compensate for the loss of information caused by the optimization technique in curve fitting algorithms, the diversity of members inside the single set is interpreted in term of restricted range of its parameters, also a diagnosis criteria is developed for detecting any disorder in the glucose regulation system by investigating the influence of variation of the parameters on the response of the system, this technique is applied in this research practically for 20 cases with association of National Center for
... Show MoreThe main aim of this research paper is investigating the effectiveness and validity of Meso-Scale Approach (MSA) as a modern technique for the modeling of plain concrete beams. Simply supported plain concrete beam was subjected to two-point loading to detect the response in flexural. Experimentally, a concrete mix was designed and prepared to produce three similar standard concrete prisms for flexural testing. The coarse aggregate used in this mix was crushed aggregate. Numerical Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was conducted on the same concrete beam using the meso-scale modeling. The numerical model was constructed to be a bi-phasic material consisting of cement mortar and coarse aggregate. The interface between the two c
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