Objective: Econazole nitrate (ECZ) is one of the triazole antifungal drugs with poor aqueous solubility and dissolution rate; there is a need for enhancement of solubility. Therefore; inclusion complexation with β cyclodextrin (βCD) was performed. Methods: In this study kneading method and co-evaporation method of preparation of inclusion complex between βCD and ECZ using two molar ratios of βCD. The solubility of these complexes in isotonic saline solution and distilled water was studied. Complexes prepared by kneading method were used for the preparation of different ophthalmic gel formulas using carbomer (CB) and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (sod CMC) as a gelling agent. The release profile and the rheological behaviour of the gel w

The Ant System Algorithm (ASA) is a member of the ant colony algorithms family in swarm intelligence methods (part of the Artificial Intelligence field), which is based on the behavior of ants seeking a path and a source of food in their colonies. The aim of This algorithm is to search for an optimal solution for Combinational Optimization Problems (COP) for which is extremely difficult to find solution using the classical methods like linear and non-linear programming methods. 

The Ant System Algorithm was used in the management of water resources field in Iraq, specifically for Haditha dam which is one of the most important dams in Iraq. The target is to find out an efficient management system for

In this research , design and study a (beam expander) for the Nd – YAG laser with (1.06 ?m) Wavelength has been studied at 5X zoom with narrow diversion in the room temperature. by using (ZEMAX) to study the system. Evaluate its performance via (ZEMAX) outputs, as bright Spot Diagram via (RMS), Ray Fan Plot, Geometric Encircled Energy and the value of Focal shift. Then study the effect of field of view on the outputs in the room temperature.

Automatic license plate recognition (ALPR) used for many applications especially in security applications, including border control. However, more accurate and language-independent techniques are still needed. This work provides a new approach to identifying Arabic license plates in different formats, colors, and even including English characters. Numbers, characters, and layouts with either 1-line or 2-line layouts are presented. For the test, we intend to use Iraqi license plates as there is a wide range of license plate styles written in Arabic, Kurdish, and English/Arabic languages, each different in style and color. This variety makes it difficult for recent traditional license plate recognition systems and algorithms to recogn

Path planning in autonomous robotic systems (ARS) is challenging, especially in dynamic or uncertain environments. Many classical methods are computationally expensive and lack adaptability to real-world scenarios. In order to improve the overall path-planning capabilities of robots; this paper introduces a new smart robotic navigation system which uses Software Defined Network (SDN) and Multi-Spike Elman Neural Network (MS-ENN). The introduced system includes an innovative way to encode temporal information using multiple spikes which can capture much greater amounts of detail about changing environmental characteristics than conventional artificial neural networks. Additionally, it includes a spiking wave-front planner (SWP) to pr

The aim of this work is oriented to increase film cooling effectiveness value through numerical investigations for flow of Mach number not more than 0.3 around vane surface, to find the effects of inclination and compounds angles of round holes in staggered rows on adiabatic film cooling effectiveness of vane suction side. Multi cylindrical film cooling hole cases were studied with pitch ratio P/d =2 and 3, local blowing ratios M=0.382, 0.77 and 1.14,  inclination angles a=30° and 45°, compound angles β= 0°, 15°, 30° and 45° and local momentum ratios I= 0.084, 0.34 and 0.756  for better cooling process.

            A numerica

Evidences indicate that human beings were preoccupied with extreme forms of mental and psychic experiences long before they were recorded in literature. Greek myths and legends appear to include symbolizations of delusions, mania, and other bizarre forms of thought and behaviuor. The figure of the mad man or woman is analogous to the wild man, or the imaginary being who appears in various forms throughout western literature and art. Various studies refer to the notion of the wild man as a response to a persistent psychological urge. This urge gives an external expression and a valid form to the impulses of reckless physical self-assertion which is believed to be hidden in all of us, but is normally kept under control. Such impulses were exp

The multiple linear regression model is an important regression model that has attracted many researchers in different fields including applied mathematics, business, medicine, and social sciences , Linear regression models involving a large number of independent variables are poorly performing due to large variation and lead to inaccurate conclusions , One of the most important problems in the regression analysis is the multicollinearity Problem, which is considered one of the most important problems that has become known to many researchers  , As well as their effects on the multiple linear regression model, In addition to multicollinearity, the problem of outliers in data is one of the difficulties in constructing the reg