The Hopfield network is one of the easiest types, and its architecture is such that each neuron in the network connects to the other, thus called a fully connected neural network. In addition, this type is considered auto-associative memory, because the network returns the pattern immediately upon recognition, this network has many limitations, including memory capacity, discrepancy, orthogonally between patterns, weight symmetry, and local minimum. This paper proposes a new strategy for designing Hopfield based on XOR operation; A new strategy is proposed to solve these limitations by suggesting a new algorithm in the Hopfield network design, this strategy will increase the performance of Hopfield by modifying the architecture of the network, the training and the convergence phases, the proposed strategy based on size of pattern but will avoid learning similar pattern many time, whereas the new strategy XOR shows tolerance in the presence of noise-distorted patterns, infinite storage capacity and pattern inverse value. Experiments showed that the suggested method produced promising results by avoiding the majority of the Hopfield network's limitations. In additional it learns to recognize an infinite number of patterns with varying sizes while preserving a suitable noise ratio.
Steady conjugate natural convection heat transfers in a two-dimensional enclosure filled with fluid saturated porous medium is studied numerically. The two vertical boundaries of the enclosure are kept isothermally at same temperature, the horizontal upper wall is adiabatic, and the horizontal lower wall is partially heated. The Darcy extended Brinkman Forcheimer model is used as the momentum equation and Ansys Fluent software is utilized to solve the governing equations. Rayleigh number (1.38 ≤ Ra ≤ 2.32), Darcy number (3.9 * 10-8), the ratio of conjugate wall thickness to its height (0.025 ≤ W ≤ 0.1), heater length to the bottom wall ratio (1/4 ≤ ≤ 3/4) and inclination angle (0°, 30° and 60°) are the main consid
... Show MoreSteganography is the art of secret communication. Its purpose is to hide the presence of information, using, for example, images as covers. The frequency domain is well suited for embedding in image, since hiding in this frequency domain coefficients is robust to many attacks. This paper proposed hiding a secret image of size equal to quarter of the cover one. Set Partitioning in Hierarchal Trees (SPIHT) codec is used to code the secret image to achieve security. The proposed method applies Discrete Multiwavelet Transform (DMWT) for cover image. The coded bit stream of the secret image is embedded in the high frequency subbands of the transformed cover one. A scaling factors ? and ? in frequency domain control the quality of the stego
... Show MoreAniera desert/cola was found new to science and to the Iraqi fauna. The description was
mainly based on external features and male genit
This research investigates new glasses which are best suitable for design of optical systems
working in the infrared region between 1.01 to 2.3μm. This work is extended to Oliva & Gennari
(1995,1998) research in which they found that the best known achromatic pairs are (BAF2-IRG2; SRF2-
IRG3; BAF2-IRG7; CAF2-IRGN6; BAF2-SF56A and BAF2-SF6). Schott will most probably stop the
production of these very little used and commercially uninteresting IRG glasses. In this work equally
good performances can be obtained by coupling BAF2, SRF2&CAF2 with standard glasses from Schott
or Ohara Company. The best new achromatic pairs found are (SRF2-S-TIH10; CAF2-S-LAL9; CAF2-SLAL13
and CAF2-S-BAH27). These new achromatic pai
KE Sharquie, AA Noaimi, WK Al-Janabi, Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications, 2013