It has increasingly been recognised that the future developments in geospatial data handling will centre on geospatial data on the web: Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI). The evaluation of VGI data quality, including positional and shape similarity, has become a recurrent subject in the scientific literature in the last ten years. The OpenStreetMap (OSM) project is the most popular one of the leading platforms of VGI datasets. It is an online geospatial database to produce and supply free editable geospatial datasets for a worldwide. The goal of this paper is to present a comprehensive overview of the quality assurance of OSM data. In addition, the credibility of open source geospatial data is discussed, highlighting the difficulties and challenges of VGI data quality assessment. The conclusion is that for OSM dataset, it is quite difficult to control its quality. It therefore makes sense to use OSM data for applications do not need high quality spatial datasets.
Iraq has a huge network of pipelines, transport crude oil and final hydrocarbon products as well as portable water. These networks are exposed to extensive damage due to the underground corrosion processes unless suitable protection techniques are used. In this paper we collect the information of cathodic protection for pipeline in practical fields (Oil Group in Al Doura), to obtain data base to understand and optimize the design which is made by simulation for the environmental factors and cathodic protection variables also soil resistivity using wenner four terminal methods for survey sites; and soil pH investigations were recorded for these selected fields were within 7-8, and recording the anodes voltage and its related currents for
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Praise be to God, and prayers and peace be upon our master Muhammad, his family and companions until the Day of Judgment.
As for after:
It is the right of every nation to take care of its scientific heritage, and to reveal its human civilizational impact, and the Arabs are the richest nations in heritage, as they had in every period of time a sign and pride, the Arabs fulfilled their duty towards humanity, and they carried out a large part of their scientific activity towards humanity.
Therefore, highlighting some of the scientific aspects of the civilized activity of the Arabs, and removing some of the illusions spread by some malicious people, is a human duty before it is a national duty.
... Show MoreThe reinforcing effect of emphasizers can hardly be denied, hence their importance , hence the justification for writing this paper. As a particular type of adverbials , emphasizers form part of a major syntactic class. This study, thus, introduces the topic by first discussing a grammatical category characterized by being mobile and optional. The paper duly shows the scaling effect of emphasizers, their kinds and the transformational selectional rules that are operative in moving them to the right or left of the VP. It also handles their syntactic role as modifiers, their syntactic features,their occurrence or non- occurrence with negation and imperative and the position they occupy in the sentence. The paper also dwells on the agr
... Show MoreKE Sharquie, JR Al-Rawi, AA Al-Nuaimy, SH Radhy, Saudi medical journal, 2008 - Cited by 78
Samples of twelve species belong to mimosoideae were collected from baghdad. The current study aimed to screen the bioactive compounds from leaves methanol extracts of twelve species from Mimosoideae to assess the phytochemical compounds properties. The twelve species of Mimosoideae
Objective: Assessment the psychological problems in patients with colorectal cancer, and to find out the
relationship between socio-demographic characteristics such as (age, sex, marital status, educational level,
and occupation) and psychological problems for those patients.
Methodology: A descriptive design is employed through the present study from 1
st July 2011 to 25
th December
2011 in order to study the quality of life in colorectal cancer patients with psychological problems.
A purposive (non probability) sample is selected for the study which includes (60) patients diagnosed with
colorectal cancer were treated in Mosul Oncology and Nuclear Medicine hospital or the patients who visited
the outpatient cl
This research aims at studying each of the cold and hot thermal wavelengths affecting
Iraq for a minimum climatic course of 11 years beginning from 1992 till 2002. Three stations
were selected including the parts of Iraq surface: Mosul, Baghdad and Basrah.
The wave days were also connected with the related climatic elements represented by
the wind direction and speeds and the relative humidity. It was shown that Iraq is affected by
the rates of hot thermal wave lengths greatly compared to the rates of cold wavelengths. The
results suggested that the highest rate of hot and cold wavelengths recorded over Basra station
was (3.5) days for the cold and (5) days for the hot. While the lowest rates was at Mosul
station
Ease of transfer between different modes of public transportation within the stations is a significant contribution to the movement that can be provided by transportation industries to develop solutions of integrated transportation. It is future integrated multimodal transportation, to make public transportation more enjoyable and interesting, in addition to passenger transportation and future movement of goods are also depend on multimodal transportation The importance of interchange promotion between multimodal as a basic feature of passengers buildings in modern Railway Stations the Research problem:" con
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