Prostate cancer (PC), accounts for more than one-fourth of all cancer diagnoses, and the most frequently diagnosed cancer among men in 2022. The immunoglobulin (IG) Program death ligand-1(PD-1) cell surface receptor is predominantly expressed on the surface of many cells. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the relationship between Program death ligand expression and some aggressive features of prostate cancer including perineural invasion, vascular invasion and necrosis. Thirty cases of prostate cancer with age range from 60 to 80 year old and 30 cases of normal prostate tissue with age under 25 year old were separated into two groups in a retrospective case-control research that encompassed 60 cases. All malignant cases were examined by consultant pathologists for the diagnosis of prostate carcinoma, and each block of tissue was divided into two slides, one for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and the other for immunoglobulin (IHC) staining of PDL-1. The expression pattern of Program Death Ligand was investigated in these samples and its relationship to particular clinic-pathological characteristics. Despite it was not expressed in healthy prostatic tissue, program death ligand demonstrated to be positive in prostate cancer with vascular invasion, perineural invasion, and necrosis, while it was negative in healthy prostatic tissue. High expression of Program death ligand was correlated with poor differentiation, neural invasion, and vascular invasion; these criteria indicate that the expression of Program death ligand is associated with high grade and aggressive tumors. The current study confirms that perineural invasion, vascular invasion, and necrosis are all accompanied by a rise in Program death ligand expression regardless their grade and stage
Health and safety problem can be described by statistics it can only be understood by knowing and feeling the pain, suffering, and depression. Health and safety has a legal responsibility to protect it for everyone who can affect in the workplace. This includes manufacturers, suppliers, designers and controllers of work places and employees. Work injury is one of the major problems in manufacturing and production systems industries; it is reduced production efficiency and affects the cost. To gain flexibility from a traditional manufacturing system and production efficiency, this paper is about the application of estimating technology to preview and synthesis of Lost Time of Work Injuries in industry systems aims to provide a safe workin
... Show MorePraise be to God who created the soul, perfected it, and inspired it with its immorality and piety. He says in His Noble Book: ﭤ Fajr: 27-30 Glory be to You, O God! O Lord, on whom I have chosen for You as a beloved from myself and the soul of the two worlds, may our master Muhammad be sacrificed for him, who enlightened the horizons with his introduction to enlightenment. It soon ends with the end of pleasure, which is the opposite of the pleasure of thought and meaning, as it is permanent and continuous, and from here we see that the Messenger of God, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, urges us in various places to seek knowledge and fortify the soul and thought in a way that raises one’s status and protects him from the st
... Show MoreDiarrhea is an important public health problem worldwide, several causes associated with diarrhea especially in population live under poverty and unsafe water use. Different methods are available and use in diagnosis. This study was carried out to compare of various techniques for Giardia lamblia detection and study the association with E coil and Shigella in patients with diarrhea. A total of 100 children with diarrhoea were enrolled into the study, 57 were males and 43 were females, aged from 2 months -16 years were attendant to AL-Imamin AL-Kadhimin Medical City, during the period from May 2014 to February 2015. Stool samples were collected and analysed for Giardia lamblia
... Show MoreObjective: To Evaluate the Roley of Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytek antigen 4 Polymorphism and soluble immune checkpoint level (PD-1,PDL-1 and CTLA-4 ) in SARS-Cov-2 patients. Methods: Fromt October 2020 to April 2021, the currentk study was conducted in Baghdad-Iraq. Ninety patients with Confirmatory SARS-Cov-2 by PCR were inclusion in the study, and they were seeking treatment at Medical City in Baghdad's Teaching Hospital (BTH). Patients with SARS-Cov-2 were divided into two groups: those with Sever SARS-Cov-2 symptom and those with mild - moderate SARS-Cov-2 symptoms (cross sectional study. Patients with another form of autoimmune illness, malignant, diabetes, under the age of 18 and pregnant women were excluded. Results: Data rega
... Show MoreA total of 70 pregnant women with toxoplasmosis were studied to evaluate of some immunological aspects. The women were distributed into three groups: 37 women were IgG positive, 18 women were IgM positive and 15 women were IgG and IgM positive as well as 25 healthy women were considered as control group. Serum samples were collected and ELISA method was employed to assess levels of interleukins 4, 6, 10, Interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10), Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). As compared with control the levels of cytokines were significantly increased in serum of three pregnant women groups with toxoplasmosis and the highest increase was observed in the IgM positi
... Show MoreSynthesis of a new ligand, namely [bis(2-(2-methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)ethyl) hydrogen borate] (BIB), utilizing the reaction of metronidazole with boric acid in a (2:1) mole ratio The metal complexes were synthesized utilizing the reaction of (NiCl2.6H2O and CuCl2 .2H2O) with (BIB) ligand in a 2:1 (L:M) mole ratio. All synthesized compounds were characterized utilizing spectroscopic techniques such as infrared (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance of protons(1H NMR), ultra violet and visible radiation (UV-Vis), thermal analysis (TG), atomic absorption (A.A.S.), micro elemental analysis (C.H.N.S.), melting point (m.p.), magnetic susceptibility, molar conductivity, and chlor
... Show MoreThe research includes attempts to prepare anthranil ic acid (C7H7N02) complexes with some metals: [Pd (II), Fe(ll), and Fe (Ill)) which have been characterized by using:
Thermal stability (melti ng point, d composition poit), molar conductivity, IR, UV-visible spectra, elemental analysis (C-H-N) and magnetic properties. The general formula has been given for the prepared complexes:-
- M(C2H6N02)2 Where M= [Pd(ll), Fe(TI), Hg(ll)]
:.. M(C1H6N02)l Where M= [Fe(llf)]
Three bacterial species were isolated from three polluted soils with gasoline which leaks from electricity generators that used in different regions in Baghdad; the regions choices to collect the polluted soils were (Al-Shaab, Al- Jadryia and Al-Saydiya). The bacterial species were identified according to international biochemical methods. It was found that these species were Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes and serratia marcesens. It was found that the optimum temperature and pH were 37C°and 9 these were to cultivate E.coli and S.marcesens, while for E.aerogenes were 25 C° and 9. &
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