Carbonate matrix stimulation technology has progressed tremendously in the last decade through creative laboratory research and novel fluid advancements. Still, existing methods for optimizing the stimulation of wells in vast carbonate reservoirs are inadequate. Consequently, oil and gas wells are stimulated routinely to expand production and maximize recovery. Matrix acidizing is extensively used because of its low cost and ability to restore the original productivity of damaged wells and provide additional production capacity. The Ahdeb oil field lacks studies in matrix acidizing; therefore, this work provided new information on limestone acidizing in the Mishrif reservoir. Moreover, several reports have been issued on the difficulties encountered during the stimulation operation of the Ahdeb oil field, particularly for the development of the Mishrif reservoir. Since the new core flooding system is built to operate safely and straightforwardly. This study introduced the results of Matrix acidizing experiments, covering the most recent developments in linear core flooding. High-permeability flow pathways are created, and a longer and wider wormhole was generated at a high acid injection rate (6.67 cc/min). The acid efficiency curve yielded the lowest pore volume injected at the breakthrough of the PV_(bt-opt) is 2.73 and the v_(i-opt)=0.6 cm/min; thus, the optimum injection rate that results in an optimal possible wormhole and the least quantity of acid being used for this reservoir is 2.16 cc/min. This research evaluated the impact of matrix acidizing treatment on acoustic characteristics, which studies show are lacking or have never been investigated previously. Furthermore, in the assessment of geomechanical rock properties and elastic and petrophysical parameters before and after acid injection, one of the new concepts discovered during the lab experiment observation of the acoustic waveform before and after acid treatment for the tested rock sample is that the initial arrival time before acid treatment is 21.6 microseconds, with a delay of 31.2 microseconds attributed to the wormhole channel and mineral disintegration. CT-Scan applications in matrix acidizing were investigated in this research; additionally, a 3D view of plug samples was constructed to represent the wormhole extension via CT-processing software. A license of Stimpro Stimulation Software has been used to validate the experimental work to the field scale, making it the most comprehensive instrument for planning and monitoring matrix acid treatment and utilizing actual data to provide a far better knowledge of the well's reaction, with methods that represent the reality of what is happening in the reservoir before, during, and after matrix acid treatments, through the post-treatment skin factor which is the most often utilized statistic for analyzing stimulation treatments and relies on the geometry of the wormholed zone. The acid treatment evaluated for the well AD-12, primarily for the zone Mi4; matrix acid treatments can have their production behavior predicted or matched using the reservoir simulation and production analysis option, employing the numerical simulation license software Petrel (Schlumberger) and Rubis (KAPPA) to determine the efficacy of previous treatments and the economics associated with future treatments. The estimated oil gain volume and percentage for the Mi4 unit in Ad-12 using particularly skin value -3.97 computed from Stimpro software for real stimulation acid job, it is yield enhancement in production of oil gain volume 6154 barrels as well as 105% increase of gain percentage for three months after matrix acidizing.
The search aims to clarify pollution to negative effects on environment and to an increasing in the dangerous polluted materials that discharged out these factories. To make active procedures in order to limit the environmental pollution.
The search problem came from an assumption which has the researched factory is suffering from the lack of applying the international specification ( ISO 14004 ). The research problem assimilated by these questions:
- What is the level or organization in thinking of environmental system according to ISO 14004 .
- What are the requirements used in researched factor
An increasing trend to use probiotic and study their effects on the pathogens has been conductor where they are defined as live micro-organisms that give a health benefit to the host when ingested in sufficient quantities, including the yeast Saccharomyces boulardii In addition research show that a magnetic field (MF) has a biological effect. This study aims to investigate the effects of magnetic field on the inhibitory action of Saccharomyces boulardii against bacteria isolated from urinary tract infection, Study the sensitivity of bacterial isolates to antibiotics after diagnosis by microscopic, Cultural and biochemical examinations as well as Api20 E examinations were used gram negative bacteria , Most isolates were resistant to an
... Show More
(1)
(1)
Stylistics is the analysis of the language of literary texts integrated within various approaches to create a framework of different devices that describe and distinct a particular work. Therefore, feminist stylistics relied on theories of feminist criticism tries to present a counter- image of a woman both in language use and society, to draw attention , raise awareness and change ways that gender represents. Feminist stylistic analysis is related not only to describe sexism in a text, but also to analyze the way that point of view, agency, metaphor, and transitivity choices are unanticipatedly and carefully connected to issues of gender(Mills,1995:1) &nb
... Show More
This study was aimed to develop an optimized Dy determination method using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The Plackett-Burman (PB) experimental design was used to select significant factors that affect the electrical current response, which were further optimized using the response surface method-central composite design (RSM-CCD). The type of electrolyte solution and amplitude modulation were found as two most significant factors, among the nine factors tested, which enhance the current response based on PB design. Further optimization using RSM-CCD shows that the optimum values for the tw
... Show More
(7)
(3)
Experimental measurements of viscosity and thermal conductivity of single layer of graphene . based DI-water nanofluid are performed as a function of concentrations (0.1-1wt%) and temperatures between (5 to 35ºC). The result reveals that the thermal conductivity of GNPs nanofluids was increased with increasing the nanoparticle weight fraction concentration and temperature, while the maximum enhancement was about 22% for concentration of 1 wt.% at
35ºC. These experimental results were compared with some theoretical models and a good agreement between Nan’s model and the experimental results was observed. The viscosity of the graphene nanofluid displays Newtonian and Non-Newtonian behaviors with respect to nanoparticles concen
This paper demonstrates an experimental and numerical study aimed at comparing the influence of openings of different configurations on the flexural behavior of reinforced concrete gable roof beams. The experimental program consisted of testing six simply supported gable beams subjected to mid-point concentrated load. The variable which has been investigated in this work was opening's configuration (quadrilateral or circular) with the same upper and lower chords depth. The results indicate improvement in the beams’ flexural behavior when circular openings were used compared with that of quadrilateral openings, represented by an increase in ultimate load capacity and a decrease in deflection at the service limit. Also, there was an
... Show More
(18)
(7)
(7)
This study investigates the characterization and growth dynamics of a Magnetically Stabilized Gliding Arc Discharge (MSGAD) system, generating non-thermal plasma with argon gas under atmospheric pressure and flow rates of 1-5 L/min. The electrical properties and growth patterns concerning gas flow rates and applied voltages were examined utilizing a magnetic field for stability. Using a digital oscilloscope, a correlation between voltage reduction and increased current was uncovered. An algorithm analyzes digital images to compute arc length, area, and volume. Results reveal how gas flow rate and applied voltage directly impact arc growth. Furthermore, the magnetic field's role in guiding and stabilizing the plasma discharge was explored. T
... Show More
(1)
Programs and performance budget represents a sophisticated method of public budget numbers, which includes all allocations to be determined for each job or activity within a government entity, which is analyzed according to their needs and costs, and this method can be applied using one of the cost accounting techniques, which is the technique of analyzing the value chain that reduces costs by avoiding activities that do not add value and enhance activities that add value to the economic entity, the current research aims to develop the budget system in government entity by using the budget of programs and performance as a tool for planning and monitoring events and activities, thereby reducing the waste of public money by reducing unnecessa
... Show More