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Deep Transfer Learning for Improved Detection of Keratoconus using Corneal Topographic Maps
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Abstract <p>Clinical keratoconus (KCN) detection is a challenging and time-consuming task. In the diagnosis process, ophthalmologists must revise demographic and clinical ophthalmic examinations. The latter include slit-lamb, corneal topographic maps, and Pentacam indices (PI). We propose an Ensemble of Deep Transfer Learning (EDTL) based on corneal topographic maps. We consider four pretrained networks, SqueezeNet (SqN), AlexNet (AN), ShuffleNet (SfN), and MobileNet-v2 (MN), and fine-tune them on a dataset of KCN and normal cases, each including four topographic maps. We also consider a PI classifier. Then, our EDTL method combines the output probabilities of each of the five classifiers to obtain a decision based on the fusion of probabilities. Individually, the classifier based on PI achieved 93.1% accuracy, whereas the deep classifiers reached classification accuracies over 90% only in isolated cases. Overall, the average accuracy of the deep networks over the four corneal maps ranged from 86% (SfN) to 89.9% (AN). The classifier ensemble increased the accuracy of the deep classifiers based on corneal maps to values ranging (92.2% to 93.1%) for SqN and (93.1% to 94.8%) for AN. Including in the ensemble-specific combinations of corneal maps’ classifiers and PI increased the accuracy to 98.3%. Moreover, visualization of first learner filters in the networks and Grad-CAMs confirmed that the networks had learned relevant clinical features. This study shows the potential of creating ensembles of deep classifiers fine-tuned with a transfer learning strategy as it resulted in an improved accuracy while showing learnable filters and Grad-CAMs that agree with clinical knowledge. This is a step further towards the potential clinical deployment of an improved computer-assisted diagnosis system for KCN detection to help ophthalmologists to confirm the clinical decision and to perform fast and accurate KCN treatment.</p>
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Publication Date
Wed Jun 24 2015
Journal Name
Chinese Journal Of Biomedical Engineering
Single Channel Fetal ECG Detection Using LMS and RLS Adaptive Filters
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ECG is an important tool for the primary diagnosis of heart diseases, which shows the electrophysiology of the heart. In our method, a single maternal abdominal ECG signal is taken as an input signal and the maternal P-QRS-T complexes of original signal is averaged and repeated and taken as a reference signal. LMS and RLS adaptive filters algorithms are applied. The results showed that the fetal ECGs have been successfully detected. The accuracy of Daisy database was up to 84% of LMS and 88% of RLS while PhysioNet was up to 98% and 96% for LMS and RLS respectively.

Publication Date
Mon Dec 14 2020
Journal Name
2020 13th International Conference On Developments In Esystems Engineering (dese)
Anomaly Based Intrusion Detection System Using Hierarchical Classification and Clustering Techniques
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With the rapid development of computers and network technologies, the security of information in the internet becomes compromise and many threats may affect the integrity of such information. Many researches are focused theirs works on providing solution to this threat. Machine learning and data mining are widely used in anomaly-detection schemes to decide whether or not a malicious activity is taking place on a network. In this paper a hierarchical classification for anomaly based intrusion detection system is proposed. Two levels of features selection and classification are used. In the first level, the global feature vector for detection the basic attacks (DoS, U2R, R2L and Probe) is selected. In the second level, four local feature vect

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Multi – Linear in Multiple Nonparametric Regression , Detection and Treatment Using Simulation
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             It is the regression analysis is the foundation stone of knowledge of statistics , which mostly depends on the ordinary least square method , but as is well known that the way the above mentioned her several conditions to operate accurately and the results can be unreliable , add to that the lack of certain conditions make it impossible to complete the work and analysis method and among those conditions are the multi-co linearity problem , and we are in the process of detected that problem between the independent variables using farrar –glauber test , in addition to the requirement linearity data and the lack of the condition last has been resorting to the

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Breast Cancer Detection using Decision Tree and K-Nearest Neighbour Classifiers
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      Data mining has the most important role in healthcare for discovering hidden relationships in big datasets, especially in breast cancer diagnostics, which is the most popular cause of death in the world. In this paper two algorithms are applied that are decision tree and K-Nearest Neighbour for diagnosing Breast Cancer Grad in order to reduce its risk on patients. In decision tree with feature selection, the Gini index gives an accuracy of %87.83, while with entropy, the feature selection gives an accuracy of %86.77. In both cases, Age appeared as the  most effective parameter, particularly when Age<49.5. Whereas  Ki67  appeared as a second effective parameter. Furthermore, K- Nearest Neighbor is based on the minimu

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Sport Sciences
The effect of using the McCarthy model according to cognitive style (rigid- flexibility) in learning some skills in artistic gymnastics for women
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The aim of the research is to identify the cognitive method (rigidity flexibility) of third-stage students in the collage of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at The University of Baghdad, as well as to recognize the impact of using the McCarthy model in learning some of skills in gymnastics, as well as to identify the best groups in learning skills, the experimental curriculum was used to design equal groups with pre test and post test and the research community was identified by third-stage students in academic year (2020-2021), the subject was randomly selected two divisions after which the measure of cognitive method was distributed to the sample, so the subject (32) students were distributed in four groups, and which the pre te

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 20 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Generative Adversarial Network for Imitation Learning from Single Demonstration
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Imitation learning is an effective method for training an autonomous agent to accomplish a task by imitating expert behaviors in their demonstrations. However, traditional imitation learning methods require a large number of expert demonstrations in order to learn a complex behavior. Such a disadvantage has limited the potential of imitation learning in complex tasks where the expert demonstrations are not sufficient. In order to address the problem, we propose a Generative Adversarial Network-based model which is designed to learn optimal policies using only a single demonstration. The proposed model is evaluated on two simulated tasks in comparison with other methods. The results show that our proposed model is capable of completing co

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 23 2022
Journal Name
Frontiers In Energy Research
Evaluation of T-Shaped Fins With a Novel Layout for Improved Melting in a Triple-Tube Heat Storage System
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The effects of T-shaped fins on the improvement of phase change materials (PCM) melting are numerically investigated in vertical triple-tube storage containment. The PCM is held in the middle pipe of a triple-pipe heat exchanger while the heat transfer fluid flows through the internal and external pipes. The dimension effects of the T-shaped fins on the melting process of the PCM are investigated to determine the optimum case. Results indicate that while using T-shaped fins improves the melting performance of the PCM, the improvement potential is mainly governed by the fin’s body rather than the head. Hence, the proposed T-shaped fin did not noticeably improve melting at the bottom of the PCM domain; additionally, a flat fin is ad

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2023
Journal Name
Materials Today Sustainability
Structure and performance of polyvinylchloride microfiltration membranes improved by green silicon oxide nanoparticles for oil-in-water emulsion separation
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Publication Date
Fri Jun 30 2023
Journal Name
Mathematical Modelling Of Engineering Problems
Enhanced Prosthesis Control Through Improved Shoulder Girdle Motion Recognition Using Time-Dependent Power Spectrum Descriptors and Long Short-Term Memory
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Surface electromyography (sEMG) and accelerometer (Acc) signals play crucial roles in controlling prosthetic and upper limb orthotic devices, as well as in assessing electrical muscle activity for various biomedical engineering and rehabilitation applications. In this study, an advanced discrimination system is proposed for the identification of seven distinct shoulder girdle motions, aimed at improving prosthesis control. Feature extraction from Time-Dependent Power Spectrum Descriptors (TDPSD) is employed to enhance motion recognition. Subsequently, the Spectral Regression (SR) method is utilized to reduce the dimensionality of the extracted features. A comparative analysis is conducted between the Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) class

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 29 2022
Journal Name
International Ophthalmology
Comparison of corneal flap thickness predictability and architecture between femtosecond laser and sub-Bowman keratomileusis microkeratome in laser in situ keratomileusis
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