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Deep Transfer Learning for Improved Detection of Keratoconus using Corneal Topographic Maps
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Abstract <p>Clinical keratoconus (KCN) detection is a challenging and time-consuming task. In the diagnosis process, ophthalmologists must revise demographic and clinical ophthalmic examinations. The latter include slit-lamb, corneal topographic maps, and Pentacam indices (PI). We propose an Ensemble of Deep Transfer Learning (EDTL) based on corneal topographic maps. We consider four pretrained networks, SqueezeNet (SqN), AlexNet (AN), ShuffleNet (SfN), and MobileNet-v2 (MN), and fine-tune them on a dataset of KCN and normal cases, each including four topographic maps. We also consider a PI classifier. Then, our EDTL method combines the output probabilities of each of the five classifiers to obtain a decision based on the fusion of probabilities. Individually, the classifier based on PI achieved 93.1% accuracy, whereas the deep classifiers reached classification accuracies over 90% only in isolated cases. Overall, the average accuracy of the deep networks over the four corneal maps ranged from 86% (SfN) to 89.9% (AN). The classifier ensemble increased the accuracy of the deep classifiers based on corneal maps to values ranging (92.2% to 93.1%) for SqN and (93.1% to 94.8%) for AN. Including in the ensemble-specific combinations of corneal maps’ classifiers and PI increased the accuracy to 98.3%. Moreover, visualization of first learner filters in the networks and Grad-CAMs confirmed that the networks had learned relevant clinical features. This study shows the potential of creating ensembles of deep classifiers fine-tuned with a transfer learning strategy as it resulted in an improved accuracy while showing learnable filters and Grad-CAMs that agree with clinical knowledge. This is a step further towards the potential clinical deployment of an improved computer-assisted diagnosis system for KCN detection to help ophthalmologists to confirm the clinical decision and to perform fast and accurate KCN treatment.</p>
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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2012
Journal Name
Natural Science
Determination of threshold random gain medium in dye: Polymer films containing TiO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; nanoparticles
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Publication Date
Tue Feb 26 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Role of Managerial Accounting Information System in Improving the Value Chain and its Impaction Evaluation Performance: دراسة حالة في الشركة العامة لصناعة الزيوت النباتية
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The performance measures and traditional methods used in management accounting is no longer able to provide convenient to evaluate the performance of economic units in the modern manufacturing environment information، and so this information is more important and feasibility must be Mistohat of all the company's activities and functions، and it is a problem Find the inadequacy of information management accounting that contribute to meet the needs of the upper levels of management to cope with the problems resulting from the increased size and complexity of the business، and lack of management accounting information and methods used in the performance evaluation، which reflected negatively on the value chain activities and then on the

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Publication Date
Sun Nov 19 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Laser
Effects of Diode Laser 940 nm with and without 5 % Sodium Fluoride White Varnish with Tri-calcium Phosphate on Dentin Permeability (In vitro study)
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It is found that hypersensitive teeth have a larger number and wider patent tubules than those of non-sensitive teeth. Objective: The aim of this study is to compare between the effects of diode laser at different power densities, with and without sodium fluoride on the sealing of exposed dentinal tubules and dentin permeability. Materials and methods: 118 teeth were used. Samples were divided into three major groups. The first consisted of 100 teeth used for permeability test. The second consisted of 16 teeth for measuring external surface temperature elevation while irradiation. The third, in turn, consisted of one pair of teeth observed under SEM for dentine surface morphology analysis. Results: For dentin permeability measurement, th

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Extent of Iraqis oil companies commitment to implement internal control procedures in accordance to updated COSO framework (an applied study in Midland Oil Company)
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The research amid to find out the extent of Iraqi oil companies commitment to implement internal control procedures in accordance with the updated COSO framework. As the research problem was represented in the fact that many of the internal control procedures applied in the Iraqi oil companies are incompatible with most modern international frameworks for internal control, including the integrated COSO framework, issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Tradeway Committee. The research followed the quantitative approach to handling and analysing data by designing a checklist to represent the research tool for collecting data. The study population was represented in the Iraqi oil companies, while the study sample

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Publication Date
Wed May 07 2008
Journal Name
Journal Of Kerbala University
Synthesis and Characterization of New Ligand type N2O2 and its complexes with (Co(II),Ni(II),Cu(II),Zn(II) and Cd(II) ions
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The [2-hydroxy -1,2-diphynel-ethanone oxime] was reacted with 1,2- dichloroethan to give the new ligand [H2L].this ligand was reacted with some metal ions (Co(II),Ni(II),Cu(II),Zn(II) and Cd(II) in methanol as a solvent to give a series of new (1:1)complexes of the general formula [ M(HL)]Cl ,( where : M= Co(II),Ni(II),Cu(II),Zn(II) and Cd(II)) are isolated All compounds have been characterized by spectroscopic methods [ I.R , U.V -Vis ] atomic absorption . Chloride content along with conductivity measurements. From the above data the proposed molecular structure for (Co, Cu, Ni, Zn and Cd) complexes adopting a tetrahedral structure.

Publication Date
Sat Dec 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The role of artificial intelligence in achieving Customer satisfaction and its reflection on cost accounting: An applied research in the Iraqi electronic industries company
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Based economic units to technology to add innovations that lead to contribute to customer satisfaction, under intense competition and rapid development in customer taste, the economic units tend to apply the concepts that contribute to customer satisfaction led by the introduction of artificial intelligence techniques. In the production prominent role in the contributing and responding to the rapid changes in customer tastes, and consequent impact this in achieving customer satisfaction. Search gained importance of relying on artificial intelligence techniques to achieve customer satisfaction through speed of response to changes in the tastes of customers and thus be able to increase its market share، and sales growth، and to achieve a

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Publication Date
Wed May 01 2024
Journal Name
Biology
Lysophosphatidylcholine Acetyltransferase 2 (LPCAT2) Influences the Gene Expression of the Lipopolysaccharide Receptor Complex in Infected RAW264.7 Macrophages, Depending on the E. coli Lipopolysaccharide Serotype
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Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a frequent gram-negative bacterium that causes nosocomial infections, affecting more than 100 million patients annually worldwide. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from E. coli binds to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and its co-receptor’s cluster of differentiation protein 14 (CD14) and myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD2), collectively known as the LPS receptor complex. LPCAT2 participates in lipid-raft assembly by phospholipid remodelling. Previous research has proven that LPCAT2 co-localises in lipid rafts with TLR4 and regulates macrophage inflammatory response. However, no published evidence exists of the influence of LPCAT2 on the gene expression of the LPS receptor complex induced by smooth or rough b

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 01 2017
Journal Name
Applied Energy
Hourly yield prediction of a double-slope solar still hybrid with rubber scrapers in low-latitude areas based on the particle swarm optimization technique
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Publication Date
Tue Feb 14 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Psychological Flow and its Association with Psychological Well-Being and Self –Management among a Sample of Fine Artists in Makkah Region Haneen Hussain Daggas
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Abstract

The research aims to examine the relationship between psychological flow, psychological well-being, and self-management among a sample of fine artists in the Makkah region and its governorates. The research also aims to examine the mean group differences in psychological flow, psychological well-being, and self-management due to demographic variables (sex and years of practicing arts). The sample consists of (110) male and female fine artists. The descriptive correlational approach was performed to collect the data by using the psychological flow scale developed by Payne et al (2011), which was translated by the researcher, the Oxford happiness questionnaire developed by Hills and Argyle (2002), it has t

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 15 2008
Journal Name
Journal Of Kerbala University
Synthesis and Characterization of New Ligand type N2O2 and its complexes with (Co(II),Ni(II),Cu(II),Zn(II) and Cd(II) ions
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The [2-hydroxy-1, 2-diphynel-ethanone oxime] was reacted with 1, 2-dichloroethan to give the new ligand [H2L]. this ligand was reacted with some metal ions (Co (II), Ni (II), Cu (II), Zn (II) and Cd (II) in methanol as a solvent to give a series of new (1: 1) complexes of the general formula [M (HL)] Cl,(where: M= Co (II), Ni (II), Cu (II), Zn (II) and Cd (II)) are isolated All compounds have been characterized by spectroscopic methods [IR, UV-Vis] atomic absorption. Chloride content along with conductivity measurements. From the above data the proposed molecular structure for (Co, Cu, Ni, Zn and Cd) complexes adopting a tetrahedral structure