The ion tail temperature of the comet ISON was calculated by using magneto-hydrodynamic MHD laws. From these equations the focus is concentrating on determine the ion tail temperature from the relations of dynamic and static pressures results.MHD equations are numerically solved using Matlab simulation code using cubic volume element method, based on three dimensionl Cartesian coordinates that devided into equal 15x15x15 equally spaced mesh. The simulation was performed using 3-D Lax explicit method considering normalised physical propreties relative to those of the solar wind at 1 AU. The results explained that it is possible to deduce two types of temperature, the first being the isotropic temperature which is shown to vary slowly with

The important factor in the success of construction projects is its ability to objective estimate of the cost of the project and adapt to the changes of the external environment, which is affected by a lot of elements and the requirements of the competitive environment. The faces of those projects are several problems in order to achieve particular goals. To overcome these difficulties has been the development of research in the last two decades and turn the focus on the role of the cost of project management, by providing information and assist management in planning and control of the budget among the main elements of the project, namely, (time-cost-quality),The research aims at the possibility of developing and implementing mechanisms

Numerous regions in the city of Baghdad experience the congestion and traffic problems. Due to the religious and economic significance, Al-Kadhimiya city (inside the metropolitan range of Baghdad) was chosen as study area. The data gathering stage was separated into two branches: the questionnaire method which is utilized to estimate the traffic volumes for the chosen roads and field data collection method which included video recording and manual counting for the volumes entering the selected signal intersections. The stage of analysis and evaluation for the seventeen urban roads, one highway, and three intersections was performed by HCS-2000 software.The presented work plots a system for assessing the level of service

Ahmed ibn Imad ibn Yusuf al-Aqfhasi (808 AH / 1405 AD) is a small message that speaks about the Nile River in all its sides, despite its limited papers, but it is one of the manuscripts of the important geographical literature for its geographical, historical, religious and grammatical information. it was not limited to the information of the author alore, but taken from many sources below, which added to the importance of the fact that it has saved us the names of the sources that preceded him in mentioning this river with the names of its authors.The method of the Aqfhasi was characterized by scientific methodology in writing and clarity, with reference to some of the myths that people carried in their minds about the Nile River at tha

Abstract:
Al-Marba'aniyah, which is a long cold wave, was defined by ancient
Iraqis. It represents the coldest days in Iraq. In this research paper, a new
scale was put to define it. It shows that the period between the minimum
temperature degree recoded in December and the minimum temperature
degree recorded in January is considered to be the period of Al-Marba'aniyah.
The research concluded that Al-Marba'aniyah is unsteady and it changes in
the days of its occurrence. It was also concluded that the dates of the
beginning and the end of Al-Marba'aniyah are unsteady, too. Moreover, it was
found out that each of the Siberian high, European high, and finally the
subtropical high are the responsible systems for

Conclusion and results
1. The research concluded through considering the rhetorical visions,
appropriate relationships between utterances with a language derived
from the reality of the social, religious, and, cultural life.
2. The poet compound between realism and the documentation of the
poetic structure, its depth, and the conjugation of its symbolic
metaphors, and also between its phonetic music and the right artistic
nature and the inanimate rules to take in consideration what Dr. Ahmad
Haikal concluded that the tried to com up with something better than
that of the previous generation, but he is still following their orbit, and
their trend method of poem building.
3. The realistic images visionary r

In recent years, non-oil primary balance indicator has been given considerable financial important in rentier state. It highly depends on this indicator to afford a clear and proper picture of public finance situation in term of appropriate and sustainability in these countries, due to it excludes the effect of oil- rental from compound of financial accounts which provide sufficient information to economic policy makers of how economy is able to create potential added value and then changes by eliminating one sided shades of economy. In Iraq, since, 2004, the deficit in value of this indicator has increased, due to almost complete dependence on the revenues of the oil to finance the budget and the obvious decline of the non-oil s

The microstructure and wear properties of 392 Al alloy with different Mg contents were studied using centrifugal casting. All melted alloys were heated to 800 ºC and poured into the preheated centrifugal casting mold (200-250 ^ºC) at different mould rotational speeds (1500, 1900 and 2300 r.p.m).  It is clear from the results obtained that wear rate was dependent on the Mg content, applied load and mould rotational speed. Furthermore, wear test showed that the minimum wear rate was found in the inner layer of produced rings at mould rotational speed of 1900 r.p.m and Mg content of 5%.