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Evaluation of serum Interleukin 36 in Iraqi patients with Rheumatoid arthritis
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Rheumatoid arthritis is a worldwide inflammatory chronic autoimmune disease with varying severity. Due to no definitive cure for this disease, current therapies aim to decrease the pain and slow further damage. The interleukin (IL)‐36 cytokine was little known for its role in rheumatoid arthritis; this research aimed to evaluate the serum IL36 levels in RA patients compared to healthy controls. This study included 80 patients with rheumatoid arthritis registered at the Rheumatology Clinic in Baghdad teaching hospital. The patients were divided into three groups based on the treatments received. Group 1 included patients treated with biological therapy (etanercept, adalimumab), Group2 patients with non-biological treatment (methotrexate hydroxychloroquine and prednisone), Group3 patients without any treatment and compared with Group 4 healthy control group. Patients is all groups were assessed for their serum IL-36 concentration; the mean IL-36 serum level was significantly higher in three groups of RA patients which include the group of patients treated with biological therapy (Enbrel (etanercept) and Humira (adalimumab) means were (1132.41±475.2,), and group of non-biological therapy patients (Methotrexate hydroxychloroquine and prednisone) (G2) means was 553.95±307, than patients' group without any treatment (G3) means was 1044.01±575.3 compared to the control (341.38±113.1) p-value> 0.00001. The patient's age and BMI were not significantly different between three groups of patient Rheumatoid arthritis. Parameters for this disease also were tested which include RF, CRP, ESR, anti-CCP and disease activity score-28 (DAS 28), there were significant differences when compared with the control group. IL-36 serum level was significantly higher in three groups of rheumatoid arthritis than those in controls, and when compared between three patients groups there was less concentration in the non-biological therapy treatment group means was 553.95±307 than in the rest of the patient groups,biology tratment, without any treatment, means were (1132.41±475.2, 1044.01±575.3) respectively. This study found that Rheumatoid arthritis patients' serum IL36 levels increased, where a non-biologic therapies reduced this cytokine. IL-36's pathogenic involvement in Rheumatoid arthritis needs more study. Keywords: Rheumatoid arthritis, IL-36, IL-1,C‐reactive protein, RF, ESR and anti-CCP.

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 18 2019
Journal Name
Asian Journal Of Chemistry
Determination of Chemicals and its Isotopic Composition in Tigris River,Iraq
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Stable isotope (?18O, ?D) values were determined along with the chemical compositions at 10 different locations along the Tigris river between Baghdad-Ammara cities of Iraq. The physico-chemical parameters and isotopic data were measured. The sampling site represents 34 % of total Tigris river in the republic of Iraq. The systematically increased in values of stable isotope as move from the downstream of the river and the most significantly appears at Kut lake. This increase occurs as a result of several factors, viz. (a) evaporation occurs low water level in the river and its tributaries, and (b) return flow water to the river from irrigation water in groundwater systems. The change in ion distribution and in the isotopic values related di

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 03 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Sufferings Of Afro-American Maids in Kathryn Stockett's The Help
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This research deals with the color bias and its effect on maids in Mississippi in Kathryn Stockett''s (2003) The Help. The ill-treatment and negligence of Afro-American maids received from the white women who employed them in Mississippi that must have affected directly or indirectly on their personality and may eventually lead to suffering. They live in an atmosphere of struggle to free themselves from the complicated relationships between black and white. Afro-American maids pledged to liberate themselves from social oppression by protesting through writing a book which chronicles their stories in slave masters’ homes to make their presence felt as human being equal to their white masters.

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Publication Date
Mon May 17 2021
Journal Name
Indian Journal Of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Efficacy of Five Organic Acids Combination on T2- Mycotoxicosis in Rats
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Mycotoxins are secondary by-products of mold metabolism and are accountable for human and animal mycotoxicosis. The most serious trichothecenic mycotoxin is the fungal T-2 mycotoxin. T-2 mycotoxin impaired nutrient absorption, metabolism, and then, eliciting severe oxidoreductive stress. Diet plays a key role beyond the supply of nutrients in order to promote animal and human health. Organic acids have been commonly used to exert antioxidative stress capacity in the liver and gut ecosystem. This study is planned to explore, the competence of using (X-MoldCid®) during chronic T-2 mycotoxicosis course in rat. Rats were allocated into 4 main groups, (CN-Gr), negative control and was allowed for the free access to the normal rats chow and the

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 29 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The vocal inspiration of expressing the complaints in the Qur'anic script
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Thanks and gratefulness be to Allah , the most merciful , and prayers be on his messenger and our prophet mohammed and his descendants.The voices have great influence on the diversity of methods of complaints and implication in the Qur'anic expression through
their inspiration , forms and notes. They also have influence on performing semantic and psychological condition of the emitter . that is because of the connection between the complaints and human behavior and emotions , since it is considered as the outlet by which the human expresses his repressed desired and instincts . he resorted to it " when he is helpless physically and mentally i.e. he cannot reach his goals or satisfy his needs." Complaints come from deprivation , social

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 28 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Quantum Theory of Atom in Molecules Investigation Trinuclear Ruthenium: DFT Approach
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The topological indices of the "[(µ3-2, 5-dioxyocyclohexylidene)-bis ((2-hydrido)-nonacarbonyltriruthenium]” were studied within the quantum theory of atoms in the molecule (QTAIM), clusters are
analyzed using the density functional theory (DFT). The estimated topological variables accord with prior
descriptions of comparable transition metal complexes. The Quantum Theory of Atom, in molecules
investigation of the bridging core component, Ru3H2, revealed critical binding points (chemical bonding)
between Ru (1) and Ru (2) and Ru (3). Consequently, delocalization index for this non-bonding interaction
was calculated in the core of Ru3H2, the interaction is of the (5centre–5electron) class.

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Ssrn Electronic Journal
Silence as a Tactic of Communication in Pragmatics, Novel, and Poetry
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Publication Date
Tue Mar 20 2018
Journal Name
1st International Conference On Applied Agricultural Sciences And Prospective Technology
Water Productivity and Efficiency of Irrigated Corn Farms in Babylon Governorate
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Publication Date
Mon Mar 07 2022
Journal Name
Construction Research Congress 2022
Impact of Green Construction on Safety Performance in the Built Environment
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Publication Date
Sun Feb 03 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Suggestion Plan for the Reclassification of U.N Publications in Central Library
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Suggestion Plan for the Reclassification of U.N Publications in Central Library

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Publication Date
Sat Sep 30 2023
Journal Name
Tikrit Journal Of Administrative And Economic Sciences
The impact of Outward bank transfers on exchange rates in Iraq
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The depreciation of the Iraqi dinar against the US dollar, reaching low levels and causing disruptions in the local markets, has had detrimental effects on individuals and companies, particularly those with limited income and the poor. The local currency approached around 1600 dinars per dollar, after the official exchange rate had stabilized at around 1450 dinars per US dollar. This depreciation in the value of the Iraqi dinar can be attributed to financial speculation among currency traders, which directly affected exchange rates and illicit dollar smuggling operations. Bank transfers are also important alongside financial transactions, especially in light of current economic developments in the 21st century. To prevent currency s

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