Multiplicative inverse in GF (2 m ) is a complex step in some important application such as Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) and other applications. It operates by multiplying and squaring operation depending on the number of bits (m) in the field GF (2 m ). In this paper, a fast method is suggested to find inversion in GF (2 m ) using FPGA by reducing the number of multiplication operations in the Fermat's Theorem and transferring the squaring into a fast method to find exponentiation to (2 k ). In the proposed algorithm, the multiplicative inverse in GF(2 m ) is achieved by number of multiplications depending on log 2 (m) and each exponentiation is operates in a single clock cycle by generating a reduction matrix for high power of two exponentiation. The number of multiplications is in range between (log 2 (m) and 2log 2 (m)-2). If m equals 163 then the number of multiplication operations is 9 and number of exponentiation operation each one with one clock cycle equals 10.
Background: The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor historically recognized for its role in the regulation of toxicity mediated by environmental chemicals. Recent research points to AhR's critical participation in male reproductive physiology, particularly in spermatogenesis, hormone signaling, and the maintenance of sperm quality. Both endogenous ligands (e.g., dietary and gut microbiota-derived metabolites) and exogenous pollutants (e.g., dioxins and benzo-α-pyrene) influence AhR-mediated pathways, making it a key link between environmental exposures and male fertility. Results: This review highlights AhR's influence on the male reproductive system, emphasizing the role of endogenous AhR ligands an
... Show MoreFor a long time, the intensification of profit represented a major goal for the company management ,but this goal confirmed a series of restrictions such the constriction on short period, the time rather than on long and medium strategic goal, the relationships with customers ,the supplies, employees , This goal is replaced by another one (intensification of the company's value) ,and the fortune of the share holders itself ,for the purpose of creating value, the company must generate great outcomes to cover the operating expense and to insure the a suitable compensation to the invested capital (the market value added) is the indication used to estimate the company ability to create value –added the development
... Show MoreThe research addresses the questioning of political loads in a cinematic model from the films of the author (David Abdel Sayed), who has been busy throughout his films in criticizing political power, where he presented protests visions her body the artistic composition of cinematic means of expression through artistic treatments that facilitate the representations of modernity in contemporary cinematic trends, and by this Several contemporary cinematic criticism is an example of a thinker cinematographer who presents his critical thesis on power politics through the composition of the film (material - form - expression). The research consisted of four chapters. The first was a methodological framework that included the research problem o
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Most of the industrial organization in the world became suffering from the problem of the pollution of the poisonous chemicals things, this urged to depend on the principle of the responsible production, because it has the positive role by dealing with these chemical things and to safe the health of the society, due to the main goal of this study is to restrict the role responsible production in accomplishing the system of the environmental management through an actual study in the northern gas company in Kirkuk province, the topic has acquired a big importance bacause there were a limited number of studies and res
... Show MoreThe function of internal auditing has become an important function that aims at achieving objectives that are compatible with these developments and changes that have occurred in many countries in the world, which required the emergence of professional associations and institutes in the profession of internal auditing. Improve the guideline of the internal audit units issued by the Federal Audit Bureau to enhance the efficiency of internal audit performance in Iraqi government units. The researchers adopted the statistical method of proving the hypothesis by constructing a questionnaire that included three main axes: supporting the senior management in adopting the current guide, and the second being the importance of improving t
... Show MoreThe interest of many companies has become dealing with the tools and methods that reduce the costs as one of the most important factors of successful companies, and became the subject of the attention of many economic units because of the impact on the profits of company, and since the nineties of the last century the researchers and writers gave great attention to this subject, especially in light of the large competition and rapid developments in cost management techniques, as well as the wide and significant change in production methods that have been directed towards achieving customer satisfaction, all this and more driven by economic units in all sectors whether it is service or productivity to find methods that would reduc
... Show MoreObjective : To assess the efficiency for some disinfectants against the microorganisms isolated from
the wards of newborn and premature babies in Educational Baghdad Hospital .
Methodology :This study had done from 1\8\2014 untile 1\9\2014, we had selected three types of
disinfectants ( Incidine , Bleach and Microbac Forte )which were used for disinfection in the wards of
newborn babies at Educational Baghdad Hospital to assess their effect against the microorganisms
isolated from these wards and study the mixed affect of these disinfectants againt same
microorganisms .
Results : The results of the present study showed that there is affect of the different concentrations of
the used disinfectants against the micro
The aim of the current research is to identify the effect of the active thinking model in the achievement of students of the fifth grade applied science of physics, and their pivotal thinking by verifying the two zero hypotheses, where there is no significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group who studied physics using the active thinking model and the average scores of the control group students who studied the same material in the usual way in the achievement test, as well as in the pivotal thinking test. The research sample consisted of (77) students of the applied fifth grade students in two divisions (a) and (b), randomly selected (a) to be the experimental group, and (b)
... Show MoreThe exercise of citizenship behaviors and their impact on customer loyalty (An analytical study from the perspective of workers in the National Insurance Company).
The Research aims to find out the degree of customers National Insurance company for customer citizenship behavior and its impact on the level oh loyalty from the perspective of employess in the company, as well as the statement of the differences in the answers of employees according to their personality traits. To achieve the goals of research has been the use of the questionnaire as a tool for the collection and distribution of data on a sample of (90) individuals, as was the use of statistical program (SPSS) in the process of statistical analysis methods (mean, sta
... Show MoreThe study aims to identify the role of Nizwa University in disseminating the concept of knowledge economy among students from the point of view of the faculty members. The researchers used the descriptive approach, as well as used a questionnaire consisting of (20) items distributed into (4) fields. It was administered to a sample of (93) Faculty members. The results of the study showed that the role of the Nizwa University in spreading the concept of knowledge economy among students from the point of view of the faculty members was of a moderate degree. The education and training field came first with the highest average, while the scientific research and innovation field came in the last level. There were no statistically significant d
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