Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a public health problem and many studies support the link between kidney dysfunction and cardiovascular events.  Aldosterone has been shown for decades that a plasma aldosterone concentration is elevated in CKD. Whilst, Osteoprotegerin (OPG), after its capacity to protect bone, also osteoprotegerin is elevated in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), where it could predict the deterioration of kidney function, cardiovascular, vascular events and all-cause mortality. On the other hand, fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), in patients with CKD, its levels seem to increase progressively as kidney function worsens. The aim of the present study is to assess the correlations between serum osteoprotegerin

MO Khudhair, 2020

One of the recent significant but challenging research studies in computational biology and bioinformatics is to unveil protein complexes from protein-protein interaction networks (PPINs). However, the development of a reliable algorithm to detect more complexes with high quality is still ongoing in many studies. The main contribution of this paper is to improve the effectiveness of the well-known modularity density ( ) model when used as a single objective optimization function in the framework of the canonical evolutionary algorithm (EA). To this end, the design of the EA is modified with a gene ontology-based mutation operator, where the aim is to make a positive collaboration between the modularity density model and the proposed

     Binary relations or interactions among bio-entities, such as proteins, set up the essential part of any living biological system. Protein-protein interactions are usually structured in a graph data structure called "protein-protein interaction networks" (PPINs). Analysis of PPINs into complexes tries to lay out the significant knowledge needed to answer many unresolved questions, including how cells are organized and how proteins work. However, complex detection problems fall under the category of non-deterministic polynomial-time hard (NP-Hard) problems due to their computational complexity. To accommodate such combinatorial explosions, evolutionary algorithms (EAs) are proven effective alternatives to heuristics in solvin

Determination of the concentrations of some inorganic elements (Fe, Co, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, Cd) by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, and Inductively Coupled Plasma. and two dangerous organic pollutants (PAH and phenols) by GC and UV in the wastewater of Z.LTF Zafaraniya Leather tanning factory, W.BF Al-Waziriya Battery factory, Ba.WLS Al-Bayaa Wastewater Lifting Station, and some points of Tigris River in Baghdad city taking into consideration the sampling time Varying (two months) and setting the temperature during the drawing of the model. The results of the analysis revealed that the wastewater was contaminated with phenols, PAHs, and metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu) at high rates that exceeded the p