Background. To identify the most common retention protocols practiced by Iraqi orthodontists using a specially designed e-survey. Furthermore, this study aimed to assess the effect of sociodemographic factors on the participant’s choice. Methods. Two hundred and twenty-five questionnaires with 23 multiple choice questions were sent to members of the Iraqi Orthodontic Society. The questionnaire was organized into four sections representing information about sociodemographic status of the orthodontists, factors affecting the selection of the retention system, commonly used retainers in the upper arch and lower arch, and duration of the retention system. The chi-square test was used to test the significant association between different variable and sociodemographic factors. Results. The response rate was 87.5%. The majority of the respondents considered the original malocclusion (80.2%) and clinical experience (49.7%) as the main factors for choosing the retention protocol. In the maxillary arch, a combination of vacuum-formed retainer and fixed retainer (35%) was mostly applied; in the mandibular arch, a fixed retainer was mainly used (46.7%). Most of the respondents recommended initial full-time wearing of a removable appliance (78.2%), especially in the first 3–6 months (47.2%). According to the respondents, bonding a fixed retainer to all anterior teeth was most common (79.7%), fabricated, and adapted directly inside the patient’s mouth (75.1%). More than half used flowable composite (54.8%) and recommend leaving the retainer forever (53.8%). Most of the variables showed a statistically significant association between the sociodemographic factors and type, duration, and fabrication of the retainer used. Conclusions. A combination of removable and fixed retainers was commonly used in orthodontics retention, and sociodemographic factors significantly affected retainer choice.
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive multisystem disease that results from mutation(s) of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (
This research deals with the study of the relationship between the success factors as the independent variable and product strategies as the dependent variable , has reacted to these variables to form the frame , which is the research which centered research problem about the extent to which industrial companies the vision and knowledge of Muslim women survive and develop in the business market , which can be expressed about the extent of awareness of corporate success factors and the use of product strategies and what the relationship between the factors and strategies , while expressing the importance of research to make the focus on the product occupies a paramount importance in the industrial sector companies in relation to t
... Show MoreUrinary tract infections (UTI) caused by methicillin resistant staphylococci are a
growing problem for many health care institutions especially when it correlates with
biofilms formation of these isolates on living and nonliving surfaces. The prevalence
of staphylococci from UTI were studied and it was found that S.epidermidis are
higher prevalence than S.aureus 55.5% ( 10 out of 18) and 26.6% ( 8 out of 30) were
methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus isolates (MRSA) and methicillin resistant
staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE), respectively. Biofilm formation on microtiter
plates revealed that MRSE isolates was more efficient in biofilm production than its
counterpart MRSA.
Modern radiotherapy facilities like 3-Dimensional conformal radio therapy (3DCRT), Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT), were recently suggested in Co-60 machine with Multi-leaf Collimator (MLC). In this study, two reference chambers NE-2571#1205 and NE2581#537 were used for absolute dose measurement in Equinox accelerator. A comparison of dose measurement by two different IAEA protocols TRS-277 and TRS-398 has been studied. Analyzing TRS-398, a common shaped empirical formula was developed for the four Co-60 units of four Medical Colleges in Bangladesh with fitting parameters. It was found that an average discrepancy in the determination of absorbed dose in water among the two different protocols TRS-277 and TRS-398 were 1
... Show MoreThe study deals with the issue of multi-choice linear mathematical programming. The right side of the constraints will be multi-choice. However, the issue of multi-purpose mathematical programming can not be solved directly through linear or nonlinear techniques. The idea is to transform this matter into a normal linear problem and solve it In this research, a simple technique is introduced that enables us to deal with this issue as regular linear programming. The idea is to introduce a number of binary variables And its use to create a linear combination gives one parameter was used multiple. As well as the options of linear programming model to maximize profits to the General Company for Plastic Industries product irrigation sy
... Show MoreThis paper attempts to shed light on the most influential factors in the importance of religious buildings were destroyed because of the recent war due to the control of terrorist gangs of ISIS over the city of Mosul, and to prioritize their reconstruction and their role in reviving the historical center of Mosul.
The research’s problem emerged in the lack of knowledge about the identifying the most influential factors in the importance of religious buildings and utilizing them to prioritize their reconstruction. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the importance of religious buildings using the Expert Choice software through the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to reach an analysis of their weights and propose p
... Show MoreBackground: Health education was put as one of the components of primary health care elements and was recognized as a fundamental tool to the attainment of health for all
Objective: To evaluate the Knowledge, attitude regarding health education & to find out if there is any association between the gathered data and certain variables (age, gender, educational level, occupation). Methods: A Cross-sectional study done at Al Mustansyryia Primary Health Care Center from the 1st of January to 1st of May 2016. All patients attending the Primary Health Care Centers who were above 18 years of age and willing to participate in the research (303) were included in t
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