Today’s academics have a major hurdle in solving combinatorial problems in the actual world. It is nevertheless possible to use optimization techniques to find, design, and solve a genuine optimal solution to a particular problem, despite the limitations of the applied approach. A surge in interest in population-based optimization methodologies has spawned a plethora of new and improved approaches to a wide range of engineering problems. Optimizing test suites is a combinatorial testing challenge that has been demonstrated to be an extremely difficult combinatorial optimization limitation of the research. The authors have proposed an almost infallible method for selecting combinatorial test cases. It uses a hybrid whale–gray wolf optimization algorithm in conjunction with harmony search techniques. Test suite size was significantly reduced using the proposed approach, as shown by the analysis of the results. In order to assess the quality, speed, and scalability of TWGH, experiments were carried out on a set of well-known benchmarks. It was shown in tests that the proposed strategy has a good overall strong reputation test reduction size and could be used to improve performance. Compared with well-known optimization-based strategies, TWGH gives competitive results and supports high combinations (2 ≤ t ≤ 12).
Let R be a commutative ring with non-zero identity element. For two fixed positive integers m and n. A right R-module M is called fully (m,n) -stable relative to ideal A of , if for each n-generated submodule of Mm and R-homomorphism . In this paper we give some characterization theorems and properties of fully (m,n) -stable modules relative to an ideal A of . which generalize the results of fully stable modules relative to an ideal A of R.
The purpose of this study is aimed to lay down an arranged platform suited to Iraqi constructional associations which in charge to carry out multi constructional projects, as it fulfilled management requirements and supervising, so that low - cost projects will be controlled in due term and quality. Based on primary info and observed data collected, the study thesis has been formulated in this way: Iraqi constructional sector bodies which are in charge to implement simultaneously multi constructional projects in need to reformulate its organized structure so that it will be more fitted to management and control of these projects. This thesis includes a
theoretical part contained presenting the most important resources locally and int
This paper examines the change in planning pattern In Lebanon, which relies on vehicles as a semi-single mode of transport, and directing it towards re-shaping the city and introducing concepts of "smooth or flexible" mobility in its schemes; the concept of a "compact city" with an infrastructure based on a flexible mobility culture. Taking into consideration environmental, economical and health risks of the existing model, the paper focuses on the four foundations of the concepts of "city based on culture flexible mobility, "and provides a SWOT analysis to encourage for a shift in the planning methodology.
The Geographic Information System (GIS) is considered one of the most prominent programs used to collect, analyze, display, process, and produce geographic information maps for a specific purpose. It is also considered one of the modern database programs. Additionally, we can perform statistical analysis within GIS on predefined data to produce quantitative results. In this study, data was collected from more than 80 engineering projects established in Baghdad City from soil investigation reports for the projects. Geographic information systems were used to produce objective maps showing the variation in the bearing capacity of shallow foundations in the soil of Baghdad Governorate. I
Toni Morrison (1931-), the first African-American winner of Noble Prize in literature (1993) and the winner of the 1988 Pulitzer Prize for fiction, regards herself as the historian of African-American people. She does not think of her writings as literature but as a sacred book dedicated to explore the interior lives of blacks. She creates history by disregarding European standards and the white man's view of African- Americans. She adopts her people's point of view, invests their heritage, voices their pains and uses their vernacular. She even writes to a black audience. She establishes the black novel by depicting the blackness of American literature. In choos
... Show MoreSeeking pharmacist advice about minor ailments is a common practice among Iraqi patients because such advice is free and quick. Unfortunately, the assessment and management of minor ailments by Iraqi pharmacists were inappropriate. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a model for a mobile application that can assist community pharmacists in the diagnosis and management of minor ailments.
The scientific content of the application was based on the information in the symptoms in the pharmacy and British Nati
The current research dealt with the issue of organizational skillfulness as an entry point to reach strategic agility. The study has been tested in Iraq's mobile operators - Asia Cell, Zain Iraq and Cork Telecom. The study was applied to a sample of (93) managers distributed at various levels of management (board members, general managers, commissioners, department managers, people managers, unit managers, office managers). The survey used the questionnaire as a key tool for collecting data and information as well as personal interviews. It has sought to test a number of hypotheses related to correlation and influence relationships between the variables of the study, in order to answer the questions related to the problem of stud
... Show MoreThe issue of the research lies in the non-representation of the models developed for the communication process in the interaction and networking processes through social media, as the research sought to build a network model of communication according to the specific data and features of social media platforms in order to reach a special generalization to understand how the process of networking operates in cyberspace.
The researcher followed the analytical survey approach as she described the communication models outwardly in order to be able to build a networked communication model that represents the flow of post-reactive communication. Therefore, it has been named "Nebula - Sadeem" after the concept of post-space and cosmic g
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