Back ground: Glass ionomer materials lack resistance to wear and pressure and are susceptible to moisture during the initial stages of setting and dehydration. So this study was done to assess diametral tensile strength and microhardness of glass ionomer reinforced by different amounts of hydroxyapatite. Materials and methods: In this study a hydroxyapatite material was added to glass monomer cement at different ratios: 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% (by weight). The diametral tensile strength test described by the British standard specification for zinc polycarboxylate cement was used in this study and the microhardness test was performed using Vickers microhardness testing machine and the microhardness values were calculated and statistical comparison was performed on the tested groups. Results: The group of glass ionomer cement that contains 20% hydroxyapatite has higher diametral tensile strength and microhardness values than other groups of this study. Also the results showed that the group of glass ionomer cement without hydroxyapatite has the lowest values of diametral tensile strength and microhardness than other groups. The groups of glass ionomer cement with 10%, 15%, 25% and 30% hydroxyapatites also showed increasing in diametral tensile strength and microhardness values in comparison with group of glass ionomer cement without hydroxyapatite. Conclusion: The addition of hydroxyapatite to conventional glass ionomer cement will increase its diametral tensile strength and microhardness
New heterocyclic derivatives of quinoline are reported. Reaction of quinoline-2-thiol 4 with hydrazine hydrate gave 2-hydrazionoquinoline 5. Treatment of 5 with CS2 in pyridine afforded 1,2,4-triazolo-[4,3-a]- quinolin-1-2H-thione 6, whereas the reaction of 5 with carboxylic acids namely formic acid or acetic acid, yielded the 1,2,4-triazol-[4,3-a]-quinolin 7 or 5-methyl-1,2,4-triazolo [4,3-a]-quinoline 8 through ring closure. Diazotization of 5 under acidic conditions produced the fused tetrazole compound 9, tetrzolo-[1,5-a]- quinoline. Moreover, treatment of 5 with active methlyene compounds gave two pyrazole derivatives 10 and 11. Azomethines 12a-e were prepared through condensation of 5 with aromatic aldehydes or ketones.
The varied applications of polystyrene in various fields of life led to examining the cause of radiation influence on some rheological behavior of commercial Polystyrene (PS) solution in the chloroform (CHCl3) solvent. Polystyrene grains shape samples were irradiated using the radioactive element Cesium- 137 with (9 µci) activity for 10, 20, and 30 minutes. The viscosity of the polymer solution depends on the concentration and size (i.e. molecular weight) of the dissolved polymer. Experimental data showed that the radiation dose affected the value of viscosity (shear, relative, specific, and reduced). The viscosity value significantly reduced at 10 min radiation dose and when increasing the dose, the viscosity value increased
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1Center of Urban and Regional Planning, University of Baghdad, Iraq.
2Faculty of Computer Science and Mathematics, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq.
E-Mails: 1kareem.h@iurp.uobaghdad.edu.iq ,dr.amerkinani@iurp.uobaghdad.edu.iq , 2ahmedj.aljanaby@uokufa.edu.iq
Background: The Titanium and its alloys are suitable for dental implant and medical applications. Biocompatibility of the materials is a major factor in determining the success of the implant and has a great impact on their rate of osseointegration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of Ti2AlC in comparison to CPTi & Ti6Al7Nb in rabbits. Materials and Methods: 10 male New Zealand White rabbits, weighing (2-2.5 kg), aged (10-12 months) were used in this study. Cylindrical implants were prepared from the study materials (CPTi, Ti6Al7Nb and Ti2AlC) with (8mm) height and (3mm) diameter for the evaluation of tissue response and disc specimens were prepared with (6 mm) diameter and (2 mm) thickness for ev
... Show MoreThe discovery of novel therapeutic molecules is always difficult, and there are a variety of methodologies that use the most diverse and innovative medicinal chemistry approaches. One such approach is the deuteration technique: Deuteration is the process of substituting deuterium for hydrogen in a molecule. When compared to the drug molecule, its deuterated analogues may retain the features of the original molecule and, in some cases, improve its pharmacological activity, with fewer side effects and lower toxicity. Metronidazole is a commonly used antibiotic to treat anaerobic bacterial infections, protozoal and microaerophilic bacterial infections. Met
... Show MoreIn the present research we the study the deposition of radioactive elements naturally and particularly radioactive radon gas in parts of the body of organisms which are of direct relevance to human life in the city of Baghdad as the samples which were collected from the bones and skin of some kinds of birds and chicken based on the principle that radioactive elements are concentrated always on the bones. We use of this as the exercise detector impact nuclear (CR-39), using the technology Cylindrical diffusion , the results indicated that the largest concentration of radon found in the bone bird Seagull tapered as it was (625 ± 37) Bq.cm-3, and less concentration of radon gas in the chicken bones of Al-kafeel as it was (105 ± 10) Bq.c
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The aim of the present research is to identify the test wisdom and the preoccupation with learning and psychological tension among postgraduate students at the University of Samarra according to the variables of the department, gender, age, and employee or non-employee, and revealing the relationship between the test wisdom and the preoccupation with learning and psychological tension. The research sample consisted of (75) students randomly selected from postgraduate students at the college of Education. The researcher applies test –wisdom of (Mellman & Ebel) and measurement of preoccupation with learning prepared by (Al-zaabi 2013) also, the researcher used the scale of t
... Show MoreThis research is an attempt to develop exercise with weights to strengthen some of the striking muscles in the shoulder and arm and to develop the accuracy of the smash and rectum skills. The importance of this paper lies in the study of moments of force to achieve the ability to control muscular work and to explore the impact of physical and skill exercises with weights to develop moments of force for some muscles. The experimental method on a sample of players, selected according to the intentional method, including ( 9) advanced players representing Air Force Club participating in the Premier League for season 2011-2012. It is concluded that the exercises proposed have their effective impact on developing the variables of moments force f
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