This paper aims to evaluate large-scale water treatment plants’ performance and demonstrate that it can produce high-level effluent water. Raw water and treated water parameters of a large monitoring databank from 2016 to 2019, from eight water treatment plants located at different parts in Baghdad city, were analyzed using nonparametric and multivariate statistical tools such as principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). The plants are Al-Karkh, Sharq-Dijlah, Al-Wathba, Al-Qadisiya Al-Karama, Al-Dora, Al-Rasheed, Al-Wehda. PCA extracted six factors as the most significant water quality parameters that can be used to evaluate the variation in drinking water quality and responsible for 73.389% of the variance in the data set. Based on this selection criterion, the most significant water quality parameters that can be used to evaluate the variation in drinking water quality parameters are the mineral-related parameters (e.g., Ca+2, Mg+2, salinity, hardness), the nutrient parameters (i.e., dissolved nitrate and nitrite and orthophosphate), and a physical parameter. HCA analysis was able to group water treatment plants with similar raw water and treated water quality based on the water quality data from eight WTPs into three clusters.
The main objectives of present study are to evaluate the trace elements pollution in the sediment of the Tigris River and drainage canals in Wasit Governorate, Iraq. Assessment of trace elements pollutants were conducted for 18 sediment samples collected in March 2017. Trace elements were analyzed in sediment Tigris River samples in Wasit Governorate. This metal pollution was evaluated using geo-accumulation (I-geo) index, Contamination Factor (CF) and Pollution Load Index (PLI). According to these statistical indices, the sediments collected from Tigris River in the study area are highly polluted with Titanium (71.9 ppm), Nickel (226.6 ppm) Chromium (425.2 ppm), Cadmium (2ppm) and Molybdenum (15.8 ppm) while the sediments&nb
... Show MoreBackground: Complete removal of filling material from the root canal is an essential requirement for endodontic retreatment. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate and compare the dissolving capabilities of various solvents (Xylene, Eugenate Desobturator, Eucalyptol, EDTA and Distilled water (as a control)) on four different types of sealer (Endofill, Apexit Plus, AH Plus and EndoSequence bioceramic sealer). Materials and method: Eighty samples of each sealer were prepared according to the manufacturers' instructions and then divided into ten groups (of 8 samples) for immersion in the respective solvents for 2 and 5 min immersion periods. Each sealer specimen was weighed to obtain its initial mass. The specimens were immersed in
... Show MoreTwenty-two of the Starling Sturnus vulgaris Linnaeus, 1758 were collected in Baghdad city during the period from January to September, 2014, and examined for endoparasites. Ten (45.45%) were found infected with either the cestode Passerilepis crenata (Goeze, 1782) (31.81%) or the nematode Dispharynx nasuta (Rudolphi, 1819) (13.63 %). Morphometric and meristic features for these worms were expressed. D. nasuta is recorded here for the first time from S. vulgaris for Iraq.
There is a great deal of systems dealing with image processing that are being used and developed on a daily basis. Those systems need the deployment of some basic operations such as detecting the Regions of Interest and matching those regions, in addition to the description of their properties. Those operations play a significant role in decision making which is necessary for the next operations depending on the assigned task. In order to accomplish those tasks, various algorithms have been introduced throughout years. One of the most popular algorithms is the Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT). The efficiency of this algorithm is its performance in the process of detection and property description, and that is due to the fact that
... Show MorePolitical terminology differs from any other type of terminology not only in the presence of political terminology, but also in content, structure, functions and the recipient who perceives it. Taking this into account, it is inappropriate to consider the semantic difficulties of translating Russian-language political terms solely at the semantic level. In our opinion, it is inextricably linked with the lexical, syntactic and grammatical levels. If we combine all 4 levels, then the following translation techniques can be distinguished: lexical borrowing (transcription / transliteration, tracing); modulation; generalization / concretization; omission / addition; descriptive translation; conversion [Komissarov 2013]. One of the most
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The aim of the current research is to identify the Effect of the alternative evaluation strategy on the achievement of fourth-grade female students in the subject of biology. The researchers adopted the zero hypothesis to prove the research objectives, which is there is no statistically significant difference at the level (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group who study according to the alternative evaluation strategy and the average scores of the control group who study in accordance with the traditional method. The researchers selected the experimental partial adjustment design of the experimental and control groups with the post-test. The researchers intentionally selected (Al-fed
... Show MoreThis paper deals with the subject of demarcating as appropriate scientific techniques to rationalize consumption and to control segments of the society for the technical conduct of its handling of the product depending on the mix of elements (product and the volume of demand, Price, promotion and distribution), but inverse manner designed to adjust the working condition of balance between supply and demand and to ensure that rates continue in the marketing process properly, and therefore the research aims to shed light on some of the practices that reflect the Demarketing techniques, As well as the statement of the reality of attitudes towards the practice of those techniques through a sample survey of officials in Baghdad company for so
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The catalytic cracking conversion of Iraqi vacuum gas oil was studied on large and medium pore size (HY, HX, ZSM-22 and ZSM-11) of zeolite catalysts. These catalysts were prepared locally and used in the present work. The catalytic conversion performed on a continuous fixed-bed laboratory reaction unit. Experiments were performed in the temperature range of 673 to 823K, pressure range of 3 to 15bar, and LHSV range of 0.5-3h-1. The results show that the catalytic conversion of vacuum gas oil increases with increase in reaction temperature and decreases with increase in LHSV. The catalytic activity for the proposed catalysts arranged in the following order:
HY>H
... Show MoreThe research aims: to build a measure of the cognitive competence of coaches from the point of view of players of Iraqi Premier League volleyball clubs and extract scores and standard levels for it. In order to achieve the objectives of the research, the descriptive method was used using the survey method. As for the research sample, it was chosen intentionally, and was represented by volleyball players for the Premier League 2024-2025. The sample was divided into exploratory, constructive, and standardizing, and starting the construction procedures, which included finding the scientific foundations for the scale, in addition to extracting the modified standard score and levels for the sample of the main experiment for standardization. Amou
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