Around fifty Escherichia coli isolates were isolated from sixty midstream urine specimens collected from patients visiting hospitals in Baghdad city. Approximately, 52% of all isolates were identified as extended spectrum beta lactamases (ESBL) producer. Results demonstrated that 92% of these isolates were sensitive to carbapenems. Only four β-lactamase coding genes were detected; blaTEM, blaPER, blaVIM and blaCTX-M-2. As a conclusion, this work revealed that local E. coli isolates harboured ESBL coding genes which may contribute in its pathogenicity.

Abstract

β-thalassemia major is a genetic disease that causes sever defect in normal hemoglobin synthesis. The patients with β-thalassemia major need periodic blood transfusions that can result in accumulation of body iron, so treatment with iron chelating agent is required. Complications of this iron overload affecting many vital organs, including the liver. The aim of this work was to evaluate liver enzymes in β -thalassemia major patients with deferasirox versus without it. Two groups of β-thalassemia major patients were involved in this study named group A; 40 β-thalassemia patients of blood transfusion dependent without deferasirox, group B; 40 β-thalassemia patients of blood transfusion dependent on de

Background: β-thalassemia major is a genetic disorder characterized by reduced rate of β-globin chain production. Clinically, β-thalassemia major is a severe, transfusion-dependant disorder; repeated blood transfusion will lead eventually to chronic liver disease.
Patients and Methods: One hundred patients ; 56 males and 44 females who were known cases with β-thalassemia major on regular blood transfusion, aged between 6 months and 18 years, were studied in a private pathology laboratory, between January 2002-January 2006.Blood was drawn to estimate serum glutamic pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) and serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) levels.
Results: Sixty-six patients (66%) had elevated S

     According to the high operational costs, low stability, and reusability of enzymes, immobilization by nanoparticle gathering has increased in recent years. Iron oxide nanoparticles (magnetite nanoparticles, Fe₃O₄) have been prepared by mixing one volume of iron dioxide ions and two volumes of iron trioxide ions with HCl via the precipitation of iron salts by NH₄OH. The features of magnetic nanoparticles have been studied by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The prepared Fe₃O₄ was used in the adsorption method to immobilize the galactosidase enzyme. The immobilized enzyme has been compared wi

Background: laparoscopic cholecystectomy is standard treatment in gallbladder disease. Acute cholecystitis has been relative contraindication of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. With the
accumulation of experience in laparoscopic surgery, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is being gradually applied for the treatment of acute cholecystitis
Objective: to evaluate and compare the outcome of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in acute and chronic cholecystitis in terms of complications, conversion rates, reason of conversion, need for special modifications of the operative technique, and hospital stay.
Methods: A prospective study done Between April 2007 and January 2010, in the department of general surgery, medical city teac

Today, the prediction system and survival rate became an important request. A previous paper constructed a scoring system to predict breast cancer mortality at 5 to 10 years by using age, personal history of breast cancer, grade, TNM stage and multicentricity as prognostic factors in Spain population. This paper highlights the improvement of survival prediction by using fuzzy logic, through upgrading the scoring system to make it more accurate and efficient in cases of unknown factors, age groups, and in the way of how to calculate the final score. By using Matlab as a simulator, the result shows a wide variation in the possibility of values for calculating the risk percentage instead of only 16. Additionally, the accuracy will be calculate

Background: neonatal period is the most vulnerable and high risk time in the life because of the highest mortality incidence in human life during this period. Neonatal mortality rate is defined as the number of deaths twenty seven completed days of live per 1000 live births.
Objectives: To determine the neonatal mortality rate (NMR) in Al-Ramadi province, the center of Al-Anbar Governorate, Western Iraq, from 2003-2013 with rate comparison of the two different stages of that period.
Methods: Data were collected from the births and deaths certificate center in Al- Ramadi province, Western Iraq, included; age, sex, address ,date of birth and cause of death. Data collected in two different periods, the first period from 2003- 2007 and

In this work, we study the effect of doping Sn on the structural and optical properties of pure cadmium oxide films at different concentrations of Tin (Sn) (X=0.1,0.3 and 0.5) .The films prepared by using the laser-induced plasma at wavelength of laser 1064 nm and duration 9 ns under pressure reached to 2.5×10^-2 mbar. The results of X-ray diffraction tests showed that the all prepared films  are polycrystalline. As for the topography of the films surface, it was measured using AFM , where the results showed that the grain size increases with an increase in the percentage of doping  in addition to an increase in the average roughness. The optical properties of all films have also been studied through the absorbance s

     Radon and its daughters are of the natural radioactive decay of the uranium series. Exposure to radon gas leads to lung cancer, so the risks are significantly higher for smokers than for non-smokers. Therefore, the risk of radon increases for both active and passive smokers. The radioactivity of alpha particles emitted by radium 226, the main source of radon 222, has become harmful because its prevalence and inhalation increase with increased smoking. In this study, a CR-39 detector was used to measure radon, radium, and uranium concentrations and then calculate risk parameters in seven cigarette-smoking females in vitro study of human blood samples, and three normal females with no actual and passive cigarette smoking. The rado

Background: The post-operative acute abdominal complication is one of the most difficult clinical problems facing the surgeon, and it represents a unique challenge for him not only because of the difficulty in making a precise diagnosis but also in the decision for further management . Objective: discuss the post-operative acute abdominal complications requiring re-interventionType of the study: Cross sectional study. Methods : Patients with early post-operative Acute Abdominal complications ( within 30 days from the initial operation ) who required re-intervention were studied prospectively Results :The study included 82 patients 47 of them were females, their age ranging 7-87,Different types of the initial operation were reported,51 %