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An economical source for peroxidase: maize cobs
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According to the current situation of peroxidase (POD), the relevant studies on this enzyme indicated its importance as a tool in clinical biochemistry and different industrial fields. Most of these studies used the fruits and vegetables as source of this enzyme. So that in order to couple the growing requirements for POD with the recent demands for reduc-ing disposal volume by recycling the plant waste, the aim of the present study was to extract POD through management of municipal bio-waste of Iraqi maize species. A simple, green and economical method was used to extract this enzyme. Our results revealed that maize cobs are rich sources of POD, where the activity of this enzyme was found to be 7035.54 U/g of cobs. In pilot experiments this enzyme was extracted from the cobs using an efficient extraction buffer with either Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB), or sonication. To purify the extracted enzyme the previous step was followed by aqueous two phase extraction (ATPE) using 20% (w/v) polyethylene glycol (PEG) and 9% (w/v) ammonium sulfate. The obtained results indicated that POD was partially purified with 2.36 fold of purification and 81.78% recovery. The optimum temperature and pH of the extracted POD activity as well as the enzyme thermal stabil-ity were determined and found to be 20°C, pH 6, and stable at 60°C for 10 minutes respectively. Out of the present study findings, it can be concluded that maize cobs are rich source for POD and the applied protocol could be poten-tially used for POD extraction with high level. Meantime, this study suggested a new strategy by which the environ-mental pollution results from accumulation of plant waste can be reduced.

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 02 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
The Role Of Historical Memory In Promoting The Concept Of Belonging To The Homeland In A Novel "Mazurka For Two Dead Men" Of The Spanish Novelist Camilo Jose Cela: El Papel De La Memoria Histórica En El Apoyo Del Concepto De Pertenencia A La Patria , En La Novela “Mazurca Para Dos Muertos”, De Camilo José Cela
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       The present study discusses the significant role of the historical memory in all the Spanish society aspects of life. When a novelist takes the role and puts on the mask of one of the novel’s protagonists or hidden characters, his memory of the events becomes the keywords of accessing the close-knit fabric of society and sheds lights on deteriorating social conceptions in  a backwards social reality that rejects all new progressive ideas and  modernity. Through concentrating on the society flawing aspects and employing everything of his stored memory, the author uses sarcasm to criticize and change such old deteriorating reality conceptions.   

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