Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with polymorphic expression. B cells have an essential contribution in immune system activation via the production of different cytokines and functioning as potent antigen-presenting cells. Therefore, a drug that particularly targets B cells may represent an ideal therapeutic approach for SLE. Rituximab (RTX), an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody causing transient B-cell depletion, has been used to manage SLE. This study aims to assess Rituximab effects on lupus nephritis (LN) patients when added to conventional immunosuppressants. Twenty four patients, 15-32 years old, with class III/IV/V LN were involved in this study. All were on steroids before lupus nephritis occurrence. They were given rituximab induction therapy and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) maintenance therapy. RTX was indicated for refractory and relapsing SLE. Several investigations done before and after RTX treatment and in the last follow up (done one year after starting Rituximab). Those included protein in urine, serum creatinine, double stranded DNA, C3, C4, and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR). Proteinuria decreased significantly after RTX treatment and in the last measurement (P=0.01 and P=0.001, respectively). Serum creatinine significantly decreased only in the last measurement (P=0.02). Double stranded DNA decreased remarkably after treatment (P=0.01) with a further decrease in the last measurement (P=0.006). C3 and C4 increased after treatment but the increase was significant only for C3 (P=0.002) and this increase continues till the last measurement (P=0.0006). Active urine sediments found in fifteen patients and disappeared after RTX treatment. Rituximab can be promising in treating lupus nephritis when used along with traditional immunosuppressants. It can reduce disease activity and improve renal function in such patients.
Salmonella enteritidis one of more important as epidemiological bacteria between other salmonella types. It is very important pathologically that cause food poising and gastrointestinal tract infections. This study includes some of immunological changes that appear by ELISA test and antibiotic sensitivity test against these bacteria in mice. ELISA test results appears high immunological response happen after 3 days of inoculation, mean titration readings beginning 0.198 and the maximum mean titration after 15 days of inoculation 1.538 and begin to decrease after this time slowly to remain about 0.297 after 40 days of inoculation. An antibiotics sensitivity test result appears, this bacteria sensitive to Chloramphenicol, Ceftriaxone,
... Show MoreThe experimental and theoretical methods were studied for inhibition of the corrosion titanium in HCl by using neomycin sulfate drug. The results of neomycin sulfate drug had good corrosion protection for titanium in hydrochloric acid and the inhibition efficiency (%IE) increasing with increasing concentration of drug because the neomycin sulfate drug had adsorption from acid solution on surface of titanium metal. The program of hyperchem-8.07 was used for theoretical study of the drug by molecular mechanics and semi-empirical calculations. Quantum chemical was studied drug absorption and electron transferred from the drug to the Titanium metal, also inhibition potentials of drug attachment with the (LUMO-HOMO) energy gap,
... Show MoreBackground: Acute urinary tract infection is a common bacterial infection causing illness in infants and children. At age of seven, 8% of girls and 2% of boys will have at least one episode. Although drinking water and using home remedies are known to help to flush away bacteria and keeps them from sticking to the bladder wall, researches to test the efficacy and safety of hydrochlorothiazide's diuretic effect as adjuvant to the antibiotics in pediatric age groups are lacking, and so this research was to address this subject.
Objectives: To assess the effectiveness and the safety of hydrochlorothiazide as adjuvant therapy to the antibiotics in treating acute urinary tract infect
... Show MorePeripheral neuropathy represents one of the common diabetic complications in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2). Peripheral neuropathy affects the feet, legs, hands, and arms. It was found that one-third to one-half of diabetics have peripheral neuropathy. The current study aimed to evaluate the level of visfatin in diabetic patient groups with or without peripheral neuropathy in comparison with healthy subjects to knowledge whether visfatin can be applied as a predictor factor for this type of disease complication. The study included 120 males and females ranging in age from 40 to 97 years old. (40 patients with type 2 diabetes, 40 patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and 40 healthy people served as the control group
... Show MoreThis work reports the study of heat treatment effect on the structural, morphological, optical and electrical properties of poly [3-hexylthiophene] and its blend with [6,6]-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester ( P3HT:PC61BM). X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements show that the crystallinity of the films increased with annealing. The evaluation of surface roughness and morphology was investigated using atomic force microscope (AFM), and field emission scanning microscope(FESEM). The optical properties were emphasized a strong optical absorption of P3HT compared with the blend. Hall effect measurement was used to study the electrical properties which revealed there is an increase in the electrical conductivity and Hall mobility of th
... Show MoreCopper tin sulfide (Cu2SnS3) thin films have been grown on glass
substrate with different thicknesses (500, 750 and 1000) nm by flash
thermal evaporation method after prepare its alloy from their
elements with high purity. The as-deposited films were annealed at
473 K for 1h. Compositional analysis was done using Energy
dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The microstructure of CTS powder
examined by SEM and found that the large crystal grains are shown
clearly in images. XRD investigation revealed that the alloy was
polycrystalline nature and has cubic structure with preferred
orientation along (111) plane, while as deposited films of different
thickness have amorphous structure and converted to polycrystalline
The aim of this work is studying the binary system ??'??? Ni?)with two ratios (y=36,80) by using casting method for preparing the samples.Magnetic and Mechanical properties have been studidt different httrea^nttem^rature.All the alloys were found a ferromagnetic behavior and sensitive to the heat treatment. Best properties were found at the heat treatment 1100 C°.A significant different results were found above 1100C° for lower magnetic and mechanical values. This is possibly due to the change on the degree of magnetic moment orders, in which most of the moments are started to remove from coupled ferromagnetically.?
Sewage water is a mixture of water and solids added to water for various uses, so it needs to be treated to meet local or global standards for environmentally friendly waste production. The present study aimed to analyze the new Maaymyrh sewage treatment plant's quality parameters statistically at Hilla city. The plant is designed to serve 500,000 populations, and it is operating on a biological treatment method (Activated Sludge Process) with an average wastewater inflow of 107,000m3/day. Wastewater data were collected daily by the Mayoralty of Hilla from November 2019 to June 2020 from the influent and effluent in the (STP) new in Maaymyrh for five water quality standards, such as (BOD5), (COD), (TSS), (TP)
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