In this work, (CdO)1-x (CoO)x thin films were prepared on glass slides by laser-induced plasma using Nd:YAG laser with (λ=1064 nm) and duration (9 ns) at different laser energies (200-500 mJ) with ratio (x=0.5), The influence of laser energy on structural and optical properties has been studied. XRD patterns show the films have a structure of polycrystalline wurtzite. As for AFM tests results for the topography of the surface of the film, where the results showed that the grain size and the average roughness increase with increasing laser energy. The optical properties of all films were also studied and the results showed that the absorption coefficient for within the wavelength range (280-1100 nm), The value of the optical power gap fo

In this study, thin films of pure titanium dioxide (TiO2) and titanium dioxide dual mixed with zinc oxide (ZnO) and magnesium oxide (MgO) with varying concentrations of (ZnO: MgO)x ranging from 0 to 30 wt% undoped and doped gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were prepared on glass using the chemical spray pyrolysis (CSP) technique. The morphological, structural, and sensing properties of the prepared thin films were examined. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) analysis revealed that these films exhibit a consistent structure before and after doping. Initially, the roughness of these films was observed to increase upon the introduction of impurities (ZnO: MgO)x. This trend reversed at x=0.20, where a decrease in roughness occurred. Interestingly, a sub

In this study, thin films of pure titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and titanium dioxide dual mixed with zinc oxide (ZnO) and magnesium oxide (MgO) with varying concentrations of (ZnO: MgO) x ranging from 0 to 30 wt% undoped and doped gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were prepared on glass using the chemical spray pyrolysis (CSP) technique. The morphological, structural, and sensing properties of the prepared thin films were examined. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) analysis revealed that these films exhibit a consistent structure before and after doping. Initially, the roughness of these films was observed to increase upon the introduction of impurities (ZnO: MgO) x . This trend reversed at x = 0.20, where a decrease in roughness occurred. Interestin

This work investigates the properties of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanocomposite films with varying multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) content, ranging from 2 to 8 wt.%. The films were prepared using a solution casting method and characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and tensile tests. The prepared PVA/MWCNT nanocomposite films exhibited optical band gap values ranging from 3.5 eV to 5.3 eV. XRD analysis confirmed the semi-crystalline nature of these nanocomposites. Mechanical properties, including hardness, yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and Young's modulus, were enhanced by increasing MWCNT content by up to 8%. Contact angle measurements showed an increase in hydrophobicity with in

The goal of this investigation is to prepare zinc oxide (ZnO) nano-thin films by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique through Q-switching double frequency Nd:YAG laser (532 nm) wavelength, pulse frequency 6 Hz, and 300 mJ energy under vacuum conditions (10-3 torr) at room temperature. (ZnO) nano-thin films were deposited on glass substrates with different thickness of 300, 600 and 900 nm. ZnO films, were then annealed in air at a temperature of 500 °C for one hour. The results were compared with the researchers' previous theoretical study. The XRD analysis of ZnO nano-thin films indicated a hexagonal multi-crystalline wurtzite structure with preferential growth lines (100), (002), (101) for ZnO nano-thin films with different thi

     This paper describes the application of consensus optimization for Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) system. Consensus algorithm is usually conducted within a certain number of iterations for a given graph topology. Nevertheless, the best Number of Iterations (NOI) to reach consensus is varied in accordance with any change in number of nodes or other parameters of . graph topology. As a result, a time consuming trial and error procedure will necessary be applied
to obtain best NOI. The implementation of an intellig ent optimization can effectively help to get the optimal NOI. The performance of the consensus algorithm has considerably been improved by the inclusion of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). As a case s