The issue of increasing the range covered by a wireless sensor network with restricted sensors is addressed utilizing improved CS employing the PSO algorithm and opposition-based learning (ICS-PSO-OBL). At first, the iteration is carried out by updating the old solution dimension by dimension to achieve independent updating across the dimensions in the high-dimensional optimization problem. The PSO operator is then incorporated to lessen the preference random walk stage's imbalance between exploration and exploitation ability. Exceptional individuals are selected from the population using OBL to boost the chance of finding the optimal solution based on the fitness value. The ICS-PSO-OBL is used to maximize coverage in WSN by converting regional monitoring into point monitoring utilizing the discretization method in WSN. In the experiments, the ICS-PSO-OBL with the standard CS and three CS variants (MACS, ICS-2, and ICS) are utilized to execute the simulation experiment under different numbers of nodes (20 and 30, respectively). The experimental results reveal that the optimized coverage of ICS-PSO-OBL is 18.36%, 7.894%, 15%, and 9.02% higher than that of standard CS, MACS, ICS-2, and ICS when the number of nodes is 20. Moreover, it is 16.94%, 9.61%, 12.27%, and 7.75% higher when the quantity of nodes is 30, the convergence speed of ICS-PSO-OBL, and the distribution of nodes is superior to others.
Praise be to God, Lord of the worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the best of the messengers, Muhammad, and all his family and companions. And after:
For when I had the pleasure of looking at the chapters of the Noble Qur’an, and its evident signs, my view fell on one of its brightest verses, and it is the Almighty saying: ﭽﯜ ﯝ ﯞ ﯟ ﯠ ﯡ ﯢ ﯣ ﯤ ﯥ ﯦ ﯧ ﯨﭼ (). The tag: (God’s Greatness in Creating a Hoopoe). The research methodology required that I divide it into four sections:
The first topic: an overview of birds.
The second topic: the characteristics and characteristics of hoopoe.
The third topic: the logic of the bird.
The fourth topic: Praise the bird.
This has relied in my research on
The practice of art is an inevitable result imposed by the circumstances surrounding the human being, as he needs some knowledge associated with raw materials, tools and methods to develop skills in the formation of elements of the work of art in new ways that give a decent artistic appearance to the work of art. Through the exploratory study carried out by the researcher, which included asking the following question to the third grade students, Department of Art Education:
What types of materials are used in handicrafts and from which sources are they obtained? Through the answers, the problem of research was founded as follows:
-Are the products of students of the Department of Art Education in the handicraft material d
... Show MoreFootball has progressed from being a ritual and a celebration to become an amateur sport, a professional sport, and now, increasingly, a commercial sport. In the analysis of football business model, the systemic approach should be adopted. If sport is regarded as one of the business sectors, then the application of business system methodology can be fully justified. The interest to create strong football business system calls for the search of the ways of popularizing football business model and boosting the economic potential of its participants. In the research literature tend to ignore the business processes within the sports business. Besides, the systemic approach in football business is usually limited to p
... Show MoreThis study was conducted on the effect of the sedimentary source (the sediments coming from both the Iraqi-Iranian borderline and the Tigris river) on the optical and textural features, especially sphericity and roundness of feldspar minerals (potassium and plagioclase types) in soils of the southern part of the alluvial plain. Eight pedons were selected to represent the study area, five of them represented sediments coming from the borderline, which included pedons of (Badra, Taj Al-Din, Al-Shihabi, Jassan, and Galati), while two of them represent the sediments of the Tigris River (Essaouira, Al-Dabouni), the pedon of Ali Al-Gharbi was represented the mixing area of sediments of all the floods coming from the borderline and the sediments o
... Show MoreThe aim of this research is to identify the level of mental mindfulness among female students of the College of Education at Umm Al-Qura University, as well as to identify the statistically significant differences in the level of mental mindfulness according to academic level, specialization, and academic achievement. A mental mindfulness scale was designed to cover five dimensions. The study employed the analytic descriptive approach applied to a random sample of (217) female students from various academic specializations. The findings indicated that the level of mental mindfulness was average among female students. Statistically significant differences were attributable to the academic level, academic specializations, and academic achi
... Show MoreThe study aimed at identifying the level of administrative work quality of private Schools principals at Southern Governorates of Palestine from the teachers' point of view in their schools. To achieve the objectives of this research, a questionnaire was prepared by the researcher consisted of (28) items. It was applied to a sample of (350) teachers. The researcher adopted the descriptive-analytical approach. The results of the study showed that the degree to which principals of private schools in the southern governorates of Palestine practice Administrative Work Quality from the viewpoint of their teachers was very high, with relative weight (85.00%). The results also showed that there are statistically significant differences at the l
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