The primary toxin class discovered in freshwater pufferfish is a category of neurotoxins called PSTs (Paralytic shellfish toxins) and pufferfish toxin has been observed to have biological, biochemical, and cytotoxic effects on cancer cell lines. Therefore, it is crucial to determine the cytotoxic activity, toxins present in the ovary of T. leiurus, and interaction between ligand (toxin compound) and receptors test. This study used the MTT method in the T47D cell lines, liquid chromatograph-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and analysis of the molecular interaction using molecular docking. The ovary of T. leiurus had cytotoxicity on the T47D cell, having an IC50 value of 229.535 μg/ml, and generated a chromatogram with a retention duration of 1.25 min that was similar to the Decarbamoylneosaxitoxin (dcNEO) standard solution. In molecular interactions between the dcNEO ligand to receptors, the lowest ΔG value was -9.29 kcal/mol at the Nav 1.7 receptor, and the lowest KI value was 1.23 µM at the Mcl-1 receptor. These findings indicate that the ovary of T. leiurus is cytotoxic to the T47D cell line and contains dcNEO toxin. It is more stable for the dcNEO ligand to engage with the Nav 1.7 receptor than with other receptors, and it inhibits the Mcl-1 receptor more potently than with other receptors. These findings indicate that the ovary of T. leiurus may be chemotherapy for the prevention of cancer strategy.
A new 5‐fluorouracil–naproxen conjugate is synthesized as a mutual prodrug for targeting cancer tissues. The structure of the target compound and their intermediate are characterized by their melting point, IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and elemental microanalysis. The cytotoxic activity is preliminarily evaluated using nonsmall lung cancer CRL‐2049, human breast cancer CAL‐51, and one type of normal cell line; rat embryo fibroblast cell line. The synthesized compound shows a good cytotoxic effect at the cancer cell and no significant effect at rat embryo fibroblast cell line.
An increasing interest is emerging in identifying natural products to overcome drug resistance in cancer patients. In this context, the present study was conducted to investigate the cytotoxic effects of neem plant (Azadirachta indica) oil in three different biological models (breast cancer cell lines, Allium cepa root tip, and mice vital organs). The cytotoxic potential of the neem oil was evaluated with two human cell lines (MCF7 and MDA-MB231) and an Allum cepa root tip bioassay. Histopathological analysis was conducted on the neem oil-treated and untreated control mice. The results revealed an anti-proliferative effect for neem oil on both estrogen receptor-positive (MCF7) and estrogen receptor-negative (MDA-MB231) breast cancer cell li
... Show MoreBackground: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) women's most prevalent endocrinology condition is a mixture of environmentally and genetically adduced causing PCOS. The relationship between monosaccharide and PCOS is largely unknown.
Objective: This research was designed to investigate the relationship between blood levels of fructose, insulin resistance, and androgen hormone in women with PCOS, and the effect of obesity on the obtained result, as well as to study the efficacy of serum fructose as a biomarker in the diagnosis of PCOS.
Cases and methods: This case-control research study was conducted at the Gynecology Clinic and Infertility Center, in Baghdad Teaching Hospital
... Show MoreBacterial vaginosis (BV) is one of the most common genital infections among women in the childbearing age. Many novel, fastidious and uncultivated bacterial species are related with BV. These are called bacterial vaginosis associated bacteria (BVAB), present in trace amount and have a significant role in the infection. A total of 80 vaginal swabs were obtained from 80 pregnant and non-pregnant women. Samples were collected from different hospitals in Baghdad city and Al-Kut city.
Clinically, 60 sample among 80 were gave positive results depending on Nugent score and Amsel criteria ,the Bacteriologicall test showed the percentages of gram negative bacteria (E.coli ,K.pneumoniae, P.mirabilis, Ps.aeruginosaand A. baumanniiwere) were (38.
This study aimed to investigate the impacts of the Trigonella foenum-graecum (T. foenum-graecum) seeds on the female gonad. A total of twenty local rabbits were used in this study; were divided into four groups (5 each): first group (G1) was considered as the control group. The second group (G2), third group (G3) and fourth group (G4) were fed daily1.5%, 3%, and 4.5% of T. foenum-graecum seeds respectively for 60 days (twice daily). At the end of the experiment, the animals were euthanized by diethyl ether (C2H52O). Then the abdomen was incised, and the samples of ovaries were collected and fixed by 10% neutral buffered formalin. The histological assessment was done with a paraffin embedding technique and the histological sections w
... Show MoreStaphylococcus aureus is a common pathogen associated with eye·s
infections. S. aureus is capable of biofilm fonnation, which increases its persistence and boots its levels of antimicrobial resistance . A total of 50
- aureus isolated from eyes <>f patientwith eye's infection : 41( 82%)
isolates were positive - alpha tox in production and 37 (74 %) isolates were posilive - biofilm formation .Where as 32 (64%) isolates were positive - alpha toxin production .and biotilm formation, 11 (22%) Lsolatcs were negative- alpha toxin production and biofilm formation and 7(14%) isolates were showed &nbs
... Show MoreAbstract
The decision maker needs to understand the strategic environment to be addressed through different means and methods. It is obvious that there is a difference between the three strategic environments (conflict environment, peace environment, post- peace environment) in terms of inputs and strategies to deal with each one of them. There is an urgent need to understand each pattern separately, analyze its inputs, and identify the factors and variables that affect the continuity of this situation (conflict, peace, post-peace). It is not appropriate to identify treatment without diagnosis of the condition, so it is very important to understand the type of strategic environment to be dealt with it.
... Show MoreThis paper presents the synthesis of a polypropylene nanocomposite. The nanocomposites were characterized using different techniques: atomic electron microscopy (AFM), surface shape was evaluated by (SEM),(EDS),(XRD) and (FTIR). The study showed that the platinum nanocomposite had a fatal effect on both strains of bacteria used, as well as on the growth of fungi. The compound tested showed antioxidant properties moderate activity was found. The mentioned material were evaluated in normal cell line HdFn (Human Dermal Fibroblasts, neonatal) and breast cancer MCF-7 cancer cell line , by MTT assay for study cytotoxic effects, morphological changes, all experiments were conducted on cell lines by using the
... Show MoreOne of the most important of satellite image is studying the surface water
according of its distribution and depth. In this work, three images have been taken
for Baghdad and surrounding for year (1991, 1999 and 2014) and by using of envi
program has been used. Different classes have been evaluated for Al-Habania and
Al-Razaza River according to its depth and water reflectance. In the present work
four types of water depth (very shallow, shallow, moderate, and deep area) have
been detected.