An edge dominating set of a graph is said to be an odd (even) sum degree edge dominating set (osded (esded) - set) of G if the sum of the degree of all edges in X is an odd (even) number. The odd (even) sum degree edge domination number is the minimum cardinality taken over all odd (even) sum degree edge dominating sets of G and is defined as zero if no such odd (even) sum degree edge dominating set exists in G. In this paper, the odd (even) sum degree domination concept is extended on the co-dominating set E-T of a graph G, where T is an edge dominating set of G. The corresponding parameters co-odd (even) sum degree edge dominating set, co-odd (even) sum degree edge domination number and co-odd (even) sum degree edge domination value is defined. Further, the exact values of the above said parameters are found for some standard classes of graphs. The bounds of the co-odd (even) sum degree edge domination number are obtained in terms of basic graph terminologies. The co-odd (even) sum degree edge dominating sets are characterized. The relationships with other edge domination parameters are also studied.
ن الهدف من هذا البحث هو معرفة أثر إستراتيجية تعليمية في تحصيل مادة العلوم لدى طلاب الصف الاول المتوسط. ولتحقيق هدف البحث صاغ الباحثان الفرضية الآتية: لا توجد فروق ذو دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (0,05) بين متوسط درجات طلاب المجموعة التجريبية الذين يدرسون مادة العلوم وفق إستراتيجية تعليمية وبين متوسط درجات طلاب المجموعة الضابطة الذين يدرسون المادة نفسها بالطريقة التقليدية في اختبار التحصيل. بلغت عينة البحث (59) طالبا
... Show MoreFootnotes are considered as an important phenomenon in the lectures of grammar. Al-Khudari's footnote is one of the most distinguished one other than its counterparts due to the prestigious and scientific status of its author
In the past, an absolute authority was held by the father and his decisions were imposed
and obeyed strictly without discussion. Later, many economical changes took place and
affected all of the family members dramatically creating a whole new concept of authority
in the family, a one that is based upon sound leadership, mutual understanding and
consultation among family members.
Women carried responsibility of doing all domestic jobs and served family members,
however, when she went to work outside her house, these loads began disturbing and
exhausting her. Therefore, man started to participate in assisting his wife. In addition,
industrial advances contributed in making these jobs easier than before.
This has
The Current research aims to identify ( The effects of Daniel Model in Cognitive Motivation for the Students of the Third grade average ) , To verify the objective of this research , the researchers added nul hypothesis following : There is no difference is statistically significant at the level of ( 0.05 ) between the average scores of students who studied Daniel Model and the average students who studied by using traditional method in Cognitive Motivation scale. The research was conducted on a sample of the average Third grade students in a medium Al – sadiq Al – Ameen secretary for boys affiliated to the General Directorate for Educational in Baghdad Al – rusafa 2 and for academic year ( 2014 – 2015 ) , the researchers adopted
... Show Moreلا يستطيع كل كائن حي أو كيان اجتماعي أداء دوره الذي يفترض أن يقوم به ما لم يمتلك الوسائل الكافية والضرورية لأداء ذلك الدور قال سبحانه وتعالى ((قال ربنا الذي أعطى كل شيء خلقه ثم هدى – طه 50)).
والنشاط الاقتصادي كجزء من الكيان الكلي للمجتمع لا يختلف عن هذه القاعدة، إذ عندما يراد من النظام الاقتصادي أداء دور فاعل فلا غنى له عن الوسائل التي تمكنه من أداء دوره المنشود. للنظام الاقتصادي مجمو
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Our research was launched in the study of the sustainable conflict of globalization and the rebalancing of the great powers that have made life on the earth unstable and insecure over the past and present eras, the purpose of which is to pay attention to the waste and instability that human societies are exposed to in different proportions between abstract right and continuous deviation.
The purpose of the study is to show the loss, waste and backwardness in managing and governing societies towards private interests, away from the standards of good institutional governance.
The study’s design was based on two demands, the first on the nature and eternity of
... Show MoreThe current study aims to investigate the second cycle students’ motives for using electronic games in Oman. The sample consisted of (570) students, (346 males and 224 females). The participants completed an open-ended question which was analyzed based on ground theory. The results showed that (46.820%) of the males and (77.678) of the females played electronic games for pleasure, entertainment, and fun. This first category of motivation got the highest percentage of frequency (58.947%). The motive to become a hacker, a popular YouTuber got the lowest percentage (2.280%). Other students’ motives toward playing electronic games included: filling the leisure time, overcoming boredom, feeling adventures, getting science fiction and chal
... Show MoreWhatever forms embodied in nature or in the product by forming elements, Kahadjom, fonts, and colors that characterized that her aesthetic and expressive values evoked to multiple indications of which are unequivocal, including what is iconic. Each one of these constituent elements of her form of extreme importance
الشيخ الحاج محمد الأمين، من الشخصيات التي كتبت بعلامات بارزة تاريخ شعبها والمنطقة، من خلال مقاومة الاحتلال الفرنسي الصليبي في السودان الغربي، ونشره الاسلام بين القبائل الوثنية، القاطنة هناك و قيادة حركة قومية إسلامية لإعادة أمجاد الشعب السراكولا ،وإحياء إمبراطورية غانا الإسلامية والتي كانت تشكل الجزء الأغلب من السودان الغربي.