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Minimum Neighborhood Domination of Split Graph of Graphs
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Let  be a non-trivial simple graph. A dominating set in a graph is a set of vertices such that every vertex not in the set is adjacent to at least one vertex in the set. A subset  is a minimum neighborhood dominating set if  is a dominating set and if for every  holds. The minimum cardinality of the minimum neighborhood dominating set of a graph  is called as minimum neighborhood dominating number and it is denoted by  . A minimum neighborhood dominating set is a dominating set where the intersection of the neighborhoods of all vertices in the set is as small as possible, (i.e., ). The minimum neighborhood dominating number, denoted by , is the minimum cardinality of a minimum neighborhood dominating set. In other words, it is the smallest number of vertices needed to form a minimum neighborhood-dominating set. The concept of minimum neighborhood dominating set is related to the study of the structure and properties of graphs and is used in various fields such as computer science, operations research, and network design. A minimum neighborhood dominating set is also useful in the study of graph theory and has applications in areas such as network design and control theory. This concept is a variation of the traditional dominating set problem and adds an extra constraint on the intersection of the neighborhoods of the vertices in the set. It is also an NP-hard problem. The main aim of this paper is to study the minimum neighborhood domination number of the split graph of some of the graphs.

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2018
Journal Name
Aip Conference Proceedings
The study of behavior titanium pure commercially coated with hydroxyapatite and zirconia
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Publication Date
Wed Jun 29 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Factors Affecting the Students' Choice of a Major at King Abdulaziz University
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The present study aimed at examining the factors that affect the choice of A major among a sample of BA fe(male) students at the levels 3-8 in King Abdulaziz University (KAU), in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. To meet this objective, a descriptive survey method was used together with a questionnaire that consisted of 4 axes to answer the central question: What are the factors affecting the choice of a major at the university? Results have shown that the item that measured the students’ ability to choose the major ranked (First); it was concerned with the effect on the students' choice of his/her major in the university. On the last position and with respect to this effect came the professional tendencies and desires. Results have also shown tha

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 20 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Measuring the performance of government units according to the government accounting system
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This study aims at clarifying the current performance appraisal system in government units and the extent to which they contribute to the development of the performance of these units by evaluating and measuring the performance of these units on an ongoing basis to subject their services to an assessment and measurement process in order to improve the efficiency of these units to reach their objectives efficiently and effectively. (Iraqi hospitals) by trying to determine the possibility of the government accounting system in the process of evaluating performance, through the comparison of financial performance for successive years and different hospitals using the financial and non-financial model of the evaluati

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 05 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Immunohistochemical expression of Fas/Fasligand and c-Myc in oral lichen planus
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Background: Oral Lichen Planus is a chronic inflammatory mucosal disease, presenting in various clinical forms .Both antigen-specific and non-specific mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of OLP. Apoptosis or programmed-cell death is a physiological process essential for the normal development and maintenance of homeostasis in many organisms. Fas is a cell-surface glycoprotein, 40-kDa, that belongs to the nerve growth factor / tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family. Fas is expressed in several tissues including blood, where its expression is upregulated on activated T and B lymphocytes and natural killer cells. Fas ligand is a type II transmembrane protein that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor family. The proto-oncogene c-Myc is

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 15 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Juridical And Political Science
Civil Liability Arising from Children Abuse. A Comparative Study of American Law
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Researchers are interested in the issue of children abuse and they look for its cause in the past and present. Their interest is limited to identifying penal liability which is caused by children abuse away from focusing on civil liability. So, the study is going to clarify the parents' responsibility for children abuse rather than civil liability of the medic in case he wouldn’t notify the authorities about the case according to the American law rules and the attitude of Iraqi law rather than some judicial application of civil cases that were exposed to American judiciary concerning children abuse.

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Use of Replacement Models On Determine the Optimal Time to Replacement
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            The approach maintenance and replacement one of techniques of operations research whom cares of the failure experienced by a lot of production lines which consist of a set of machines and equipment, which in turn exposed to the failure or work stoppages over the lifetime, which requires reducing the working time of these machines or equipment below what can or conuct  maintenance process once in a while or a replacement for one part of the machine or replace one of the machines in production lines. In this research is the study of the failure s that occur in some parts of one of the machines for the General Company for Vege

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Publication Date
Sat May 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Physics: Conference Series
Synthesis and Study Antibacterial Activity of Some New Polymers Containing Maleimide Group
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Abstract<p>By condensation of benzaldehyde with thiourea in absolute ethanol in the presence of glacial acetic acid as a catalyst, the Schiff base(1-benzylidenethiourea)[I] was synthesized by synthesis of 4-(3-benzylidenethioureido)-4-thioxobut-2-enoic acid compound[II] by reaction of maleic anhydride with schiff base [I] in DMF. When treating compound [II] with ammonium persulfate (NH4)2S2O8 (APS) as an ethanol initiator to obtain polymer [III], compound [III] reacted to polymer [IV] with SOCl2 in benzene. Sulfamethizole, celecoxib, salbutamol, 4-aminoantipyrine to yield polymers [V-VIII], compound [IV] reaction with different drugs. Spectral evidence established the structure of synthesized compounds: FTIR an</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Sat Jun 06 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
A Critical Pragmatic Study of Racism as Conceptualized in the Glorious Quran
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Racism changes its meaning, shape, purpose or function according to various factors such as time, place, motives, and backgrounds; among others. It seems, however, to have deep roots back in the history of mankind. Such a concept stems from a perceived difference with the other. It is fed by the feeling of being hierarchically superior in opposition to another party that is depicted as inferior. Since ancient times, racism is disguised in different forms and manifests itself on various levels. It is a truism that this ideology can be best presented via language.

Due to its negative implication, racism lends itself to a critical kind of research.  As such, this paper is a critical pragmatic investigation for this phenomenon a

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 01 2021
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
Groundwater Quality Study Based on the Existence of Escherichia coli as Bioindicator
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Abstract<p>The research aim was to observe the distribution pattern of <italic>Escherichia coli</italic> as groundwater pollution indicator in the most populous area, Matraman Sub-District Area in Jakarta, Indonesia (106°49’35” EL and 06°10’37” SL) consists of six (6) Urban Villages. The existence of <italic>Escherichia coli</italic> was measured with Most Probable Number (MPN) method as mentioned in Indonesian Standard Number 01-2332.1-2006. This research was also measure pollution parameter of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and pH, and topography analyses used as well to determine groundwater flow direction. Groundwater sampling was conducted in several housings that have </p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Tue Feb 26 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Income Tax in Iraq and the Treatment of Married Women in Charge
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   Iraqi legislator taxation  married women in charge of the income tax treatment of the man in charge of tax and the application of the principle of equality of individuals to bear public burdens. The factor legislator women in charge of special treatment in some cases, taking into account the circumstances family allow  tax in the case of whether she was married to a man is unable to completely work and does not have a resource, as well as giving the legislator allow for her children. it observed that the amount of allowing still little is notcommensurate with the high cost of living in addition to limiting the tax allowances granted within the limits of the taxpayer and his immediate family did not take the legisla

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