Numerous integral and local electron density’s topological parameters of significant metal-metal and metal-ligand bonding interactions in a trinuclear tetrahydrido cluster [(Cp* Ir) (Cp Ru)2 (μ3-H) (μ-H)3]1 (Cp = η5 -C5Me5), (Cp* = η5 -C5Me4Et) were calculated and interpreted by using the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM). The properties of bond critical points such as the delocalization indices δ (A, B), the electron density ρ(r), the local kinetic energy density G(r), the Laplacian of the electron density ∇2ρ(r), the local energy density H(r), the local potential energy density V(r) and ellipticity ε(r) are compared with data from earlier organometallic system studies. A comparison of the topological processes of different atom-atom interactions has become possible thanks to these results. In the core of the heterometallic tetrahydrido cluster, the Ru2IrH4 part, the calculations showed that there are no bond critical points (BCPs) or identical bond paths (BPs) between Ru-Ru and Ru-Ir. The distribution of electron densities is determined by the position of bridging hydride atoms coordinated to Ru-Ru and Ru-Ir, which significantly affects the bonds between these transition metal atoms. On the other hand, the results confirm that the cluster under study contains a 7c–11e bonding interaction delocalized over M3H4, as shown by the non-negligible delocalization index calculations. The small values for ρ(b) above zero, together with the small values, again above zero, for Laplacian ∇2ρ(b) and the small positive values for total energy density H(b), are shown by the Ru-H and Ir-H bonds in this cluster is typical for open-shell interactions. Also, the topological data for the bond interactions between Ir and Ru metal atoms with the C atoms of the cyclopentadienyl Cp ring ligands are similar. They show properties very identical to open-shell interactions in the QTAIM classification.
A numerical study has been carried out to investigate heat transfer by natural convection and radiation under the effect of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) for steady state axisymmetric twodimensional laminar flow in a vertical cylindrical channel filled with saturated porous media. Heat is generated uniformly along the center of the channel with its vertical surface remain with cooled constant wall temperature and insulated horizontal top and bottom surfaces. The governing equations which used are continuity, momentum and energy equations which are transformed to dimensionless equations. The finite difference approach is used to obtain all the computational results using the MATLAB-7 programming. The parameters affected on the system are Rayl
... Show MoreTwo new ligands Na2[ H3B (BDIA)].0.05H2O (L1)(BDIA = 1-Boranyl-2,3-
Dihydro-1H-Indol-3-yl)]Acetic Acid and Na3[H2B(BDIA)2].0.3H2O.0.3CH3Ph (L2)
were synthesized by reaction of NaBH4 with indole -3- acetic acid (IAA) . The
coordination properties of ligands were studied with Co(II) , Ni(II) , Cu(II) and
Pt(IV) ions. Characterization and structural aspects of the prepared compounds were
elucidated by 1HNMR, FTIR electronic spectra, magnetic susceptibility, elemental
and metal analysis, thermal analysis (TG & DTG) and conductivity measurements.
The obtained data for metal complexes suggested square planar geometry for
copper complexes, octahedral geometry for nickel and platinium complexes and
tetrahedral geom
This experiment was performed to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation with flax seed on the egg quality of laying quail. A total of 320 Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) wk old were allocated to 4 treatment groups with 4 replicates containing 20 quail each. Birds were fed a commercial diet containing 0% (C), 2% (T1), 4% (T2), or 6% (T3) flax seed. Birds received water and diet ad libitum during the total period of the experiment. Egg quality characteristics were monitored over 3 consecutive 21-day periods. Egg quality criteria involved in this experiment involved egg weight, yolk diameter, yolk height, yolk weight, albumen height, albumen weight, shell weight, shell thickness, Haugh unit, albumen percentage, yolk perc
... Show MoreKing Ghazi (1933-1939) was of the Arabic characters that characterized national and
patriotic spirit and that faced the British policy in all its aspects.
King Ghazi distinguished as of Arab nationalist tendencies and called for the
liberalization of Arab lands which were under the rule of the Ottoman Empire. He called for
reunification under the one Arab country, Hence came the King invitations to liberate Kuwait
from the British protectorate and consolidated with Iraq.
King Ghazi established a private radio station in the royal palace (AL zzaahoor) palace
and provided special programs to return of Kuwait to Iraq, this radio station was The
prominent role in the revitalization of the Kuwaiti National Movement, an
Abstract
In light of the great technological development and the emergence of globalization has increased global competition, where it became competitive exercise pressure on all sectors. In light of this companies mast enviorment depend on the means that keeps them on the competitive position through access to information about competitors in order to help them to draw a strategy that will achieve a competitive edge either through excellence or reduce the costs of their products and this means intelligence competitive and reverse engineering that help to gain information on competitors analyze and put of the decision-maker From this point formed the idea of research in the statement of the role of
... Show MoreThe 3D electro-Fenton technique is, due to its high efficiency, one of the technologies suggested to eliminate organic pollutants in wastewater. The type of particle electrode used in the 3D electro-Fenton process is one of the most crucial variables because of its effect on the formation of reactive species and the source of iron ions. The electrolytic cell in the current study consisted of graphite as an anode, carbon fiber (CF) modified with graphene as a cathode, and iron foam particles as a third electrode. A response surface methodology (RSM) approach was used to optimize the 3D electro-Fenton process. The RSM results revealed that the quadratic model has a high R2 of 99.05 %. At 4 g L-1 iron foam particles, time of 5 h, and
... Show MoreIn the midst of rapid changes and difficultiesand the tough competition faced by the Iraqi banks, it has become necessary to focus on a significant aspect of administrative work; that is strategic planning and the key role of implementation within this process in improving the banking service quality. It has emerged as a critical and main competitive weapon for distinguishing the services provided by banks from each other in an effort to participate in increasing market share of the bank in question in question; in its growth, continuation and profit increase.
The research has addressed the relation between the independent variable (implementation within strategic planning), and the dependent variable (banking service quality and
... Show MoreBackground: The new concepts and technologies continue to change the dynamics of endodontic practices in the world. Rapid and significant changes in techniques, instrument design, and the type of metals used to manufacture endodontic instruments which have been made during the last few years in an attempt to overcome canal preparation errors. The purpose of this study is to measure and compare canal transportation and centering ability of Self Adjusting File with two rotary nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) systems, ProTaper and BioRaCe at different levels. Material and Methods: Forty five distal roots of mandibular first molars with moderate curvature were selected using Schneider method. Roots were divided randomly into 3 groups of 15 each and were
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