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bsj-7877
Classification of Arabic Alphabets Using a Combination of a Convolutional Neural Network and the Morphological Gradient Method
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The field of Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is the process of converting an image of text into a machine-readable text format. The classification of Arabic manuscripts in general is part of this field. In recent years, the processing of Arabian image databases by deep learning architectures has experienced a remarkable development. However, this remains insufficient to satisfy the enormous wealth of Arabic manuscripts. In this research, a deep learning architecture is used to address the issue of classifying Arabic letters written by hand. The method based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture as a self-extractor and classifier. Considering the nature of the dataset images (binary images), the contours of the alphabets are detected using the mathematical algorithm of the morphological gradient. After that, the images are passed to the CNN architecture. The available database of Arabic handwritten alphabets on Kaggle is utilized for examining the model. This database consists of 16,800 images divided into two datasets: 13,440 images for training and 3,360 for validation. As a result, the model gives a remarkable accuracy equal to 99.02%.

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Publication Date
Mon Nov 01 2021
Journal Name
International Journal Of Nonlinear Analysis And Applications
Solution of Riccati matrix differential equation using new approach of variational ‎iteration method
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To obtain the approximate solution to Riccati matrix differential equations, a new variational iteration approach was ‎proposed, which is suggested to improve the accuracy and increase the convergence rate of the approximate solutons to the ‎exact solution. This technique was found to give very accurate results in a few number of iterations. In this paper, the ‎modified approaches were derived to give modified solutions of proposed and used and the convergence analysis to the exact ‎solution of the derived sequence of approximate solutions is also stated and proved. Two examples were also solved, which ‎shows the reliability and applicability of the proposed approach. ‎

Publication Date
Fri Sep 27 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Applied Mathematics And Computational Mechanics
Fruit classification by assessing slice hardness based on RGB imaging. Case study: apple slices
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Correct grading of apple slices can help ensure quality and improve the marketability of the final product, which can impact the overall development of the apple slice industry post-harvest. The study intends to employ the convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures of ResNet-18 and DenseNet-201 and classical machine learning (ML) classifiers such as Wide Neural Networks (WNN), Naïve Bayes (NB), and two kernels of support vector machines (SVM) to classify apple slices into different hardness classes based on their RGB values. Our research data showed that the DenseNet-201 features classified by the SVM-Cubic kernel had the highest accuracy and lowest standard deviation (SD) among all the methods we tested, at 89.51 %  1.66 %. This

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 10 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Use of Remote Sensing in the assessment and classification of land degradation in the district of Mahmudiya for the period 1990-2007
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The study consisted in the development and use of a practical method to detect and
monitor, analyze and produce maps of changes in land use and land cover in the district of
Mahmudiya in Baghdad during the period 1990-2007 using the applications of remote sensing
techniques and with the assisstant of geographic information systems (GIS),as a valuable
contribution to land degradation studies.
This study is based maiuly on the processing on two subsets of landsat5 TM images picked up
in August 1990 and 2007 respectively in order to facilitate comparision and were thengeometrically and radiometrcally calibrated ,to used for digital classification purposes using
maximum liklihoods classification or six spectral bands of

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 21 2020
Journal Name
Bulletin Of The Iraq Natural History Museum (p-issn: 1017-8678 , E-issn: 2311-9799)
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SEVERAL MORPHOLOGICAL AND REPRODUCTIONAL ASPECTS FOR SOME SPECIES OF THE BELLEVALIA LAPEYROUSE, 1808 AND ORNITHOGALUM LINNAEUS, 1753 (ASPARAGALES, ASPARAGACEAE) IN CENTRAL AND NORTH OF IRAQ
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This study aims to study some morphological and reproductional characteristics in eleven species of two genera belonging to the family of Asparagaceae, which are Bellevalia Lapeyrouse, 1808 and Ornithogalum Linnaeus, 1753 and the species are: Bellevalia chrisii Yildirim and Sahin, 2014; Bellevalia flexuosa Boissier, 1854; Bellevalia kurdistanica Feinbrun, 1940; Bellevalia longipes Post, 1895; Bellevalia macrobotrys Boissier, 1853; Bellevalia paradoxa Boissier, 1882; Bellevalia parva Wendelbo, 1973; Bellevalia saviczii Woronow, 1927; Ornithogalum brachystachys C. Koch, 1849; Ornithogalum neurostegium Boissier, 1882 and Ornithogalum pyrenaicum Linnaeus, 1753. These species were identified and compared with each other; the results showed th

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Publication Date
Mon Jul 21 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Evaluation of nano surface modification on CPTi dental implant using chemical method: mechanical and histological evaluation
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Background The application of nanotechnology to biomedical surfaces is explained by the ability of cells to interact with nanometric features. The aim of this study was to consider the role of nanoscale topographic modification of CPTi dental implant using chemical etching method for the purpose of improving osseointegration. Materials and methods: Commercial pure titanium rod was machined into 20 dental implants. Each implant was machined in diameter about 3mm, length of 8mm (5mm was threaded part and 3mm was flat part). Implants were prepared and divided into 2 groups according to the types of surface modification method used: 1st group (10 implant) remained without nano surface modification (control), 2nd group include (10 implant) etche

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 29 2018
Journal Name
Construction Research Congress 2018
Consideration of Worker Safety in the Design Process: A Statistical-Based Approach Using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
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Publication Date
Sun Mar 03 2013
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
A Comparison of the Methods for Estimation of Reliability Function for Burr-XII Distribution by Using Simulation.
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This deals with estimation of Reliability function and one shape parameter (?) of two- parameters Burr – XII , when ?(shape parameter is known) (?=0.5,1,1.5) and also the initial values of (?=1), while different sample shze n= 10, 20, 30, 50) bare used. The results depend on empirical study through simulation experiments are applied to compare the four methods of estimation, as well as computing the reliability function . The results of Mean square error indicates that Jacknif estimator is better than other three estimators , for all sample size and parameter values

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Publication Date
Tue May 16 2023
Journal Name
International Journal Of Online And Biomedical Engineering (ijoe)
Comparative Study of Anemia Classification Algorithms for International and Newly CBC Datasets
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Data generated from modern applications and the internet in healthcare is extensive and rapidly expanding. Therefore, one of the significant success factors for any application is understanding and extracting meaningful information using digital analytics tools. These tools will positively impact the application's performance and handle the challenges that can be faced to create highly consistent, logical, and information-rich summaries. This paper contains three main objectives: First, it provides several analytics methodologies that help to analyze datasets and extract useful information from them as preprocessing steps in any classification model to determine the dataset characteristics. Also, this paper provides a comparative st

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2002
Journal Name
Bulletin Of The Iraq Natural History Museum (p-issn: 1017-8678 , E-issn: 2311-9799)
EXTERNAL MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE LEAFHOPPER EMPOASCA DECEDENS PAOLI (HOMOPTERA: CICADELLIDAE) FROM IRAQ
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This work presents external morphological study of the leafhopper Empoasca decedens
Paoli, 1932 particularly male genitalia, which were dissected and illustrated.
The genus Empoasca Walsh (Typhlocybinae: Empoascini) contains small, slender, fragile
and generally green leafhoppers. The overall length ranges from 3-3.5 mm. Members of this
genus are charachterized by their uniformly green color, inner and outer apical cells of
forewing not attaining wing apex, second and third apical cells are sessile or triangular or
even short stalked, submarginal vein of hindwing extends around wing apex and turned
beneath costal margin, apical thirds of tibiae and tarsal segments including claws are
prominently green while other

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 31 2020
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
SYNTHESISAND STUDY OF THE COMPLEXES OF: N-(3,4,5-TRIMETHOXY PHENYL)-N- BENZOYL THIOUREA (TMPBT) WITH A NUMBER OF TRANSITION METALS AND THEIR INDUSTRIAL AND MEDICAL IMPORTANCE: SYNTHESISAND STUDY OF THE COMPLEXES OF: N-(3,4,5-TRIMETHOXY PHENYL)-N- BENZOYL THIOUREA (TMPBT) WITH A NUMBER OF TRANSITION METALS AND THEIR INDUSTRIAL AND MEDICAL IMPORTANCE
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This paper performance for preparation and identification of six new complexes of a number of transition metals Cr (lII), Mn (I1), Fe (l), Co (II), Ni (I1), Cu (Il) with: N - (3,4,5-Trimethoxy phenyl-N - benzoyl Thiourea (TMPBT) as a bidentet ligand. The prepared complexes have been characterized, identified on the basis of elemental analysis (C.H.N), atomic absorption, molar conductivity, molar-ratio ,pH effect study, I. Rand UV spectra studies. The complexes have the structural formula ML2X3 for Cr (III), Fe (III), and ML2X2 for Mn (II), Ni (II), and MLX2 for Co (Il) , Cu (Il).

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