Toxic dyes are commonly discharged into waste waters and dyes are extensively used in the textile industry so it is necessary to find out efficient and eco-friendly method for treating waste waters resulting from industrial effluences. To achieve this aim the fungus Trichoderma sp. is employed into two lines: first line was self – immobilized fungal pellets in (Czapek – Dox medium) to adsorbs two dyes crystal violet, congo red by concentrations 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, 0.06 mg/L to both dyes, PH 2, room temperature with shaker in ( hrs.2,hrs.4,hrs.24) , by Uv- Visible spectrum . the removal efficiency of 0.05 mg/L crystal violet by Trichoderma sp was 96%. but there was no removal by congo red. The second line was immobilizing fungal mycelium to Graphain oxide free – standing aerogel to increase efficiency of adsorption. The decolorization of toxic dyes solution was detected by the change in the adsorption Uv- Visible spectrum and scanning microscopy analysis which revealed that there was dye adsorption on fungal mycelium surface. After treatment of crystal violet with 20 mg Graphain oxide -fungi aerogel in the condition PH 2, room temperature with shaker in time (hrs.2 ,hrs.4 , hrs.24 ) removal percentage to crystal violet was increasing with to raise concentrations the dye crystal violet until reaching the maximum removal percentage 97% in hrs.4 in 0.05mg/L concentrate , and it increased the efficiency of other concentrations . In contrast, according to congo red there was no color removal in any concentration within treatment time since congo red surface carries both negative and positive charges and causes electrostatic attraction, therefor, the adsorption reduced or does not occur.Trichoderma sp. is considered a selective removal to basic dyes and could be employed to remove dyes from industrial effluents.
Purpose/objective:
1 - To explain the financial impact of the activities and areas of human resources management and the adoption of the methodology for estimating costs on the basis of conduct and statement of how to assess costs and benefits of human resource activities.
2 - Measuring human capital, and its impact on the financial statements.
Design/methodology/approach:
Concentrated dimensions of the research paper's lack of financial statements prepared by the organizations for information mandated human resource its components of the three (attraction - development
... Show MoreElectronic Alattarh been studied long flexible factors forming the nucleus of boron in the shell model framework multipolar been identified factors was introduced into the effects of polarization heart in the first place accounts
Used vegetable oil was introduced to transesterfication reaction to produce Biodiesel fuel suitable for diesel engines. Method of production was consisted of filtration, transesterfication, separation and washing. Transesterfication was studied extensively with different operating conditions, temperature range (35-80oC), catalyst concentration (0.5-2 wt. % based on oil), mixing time (30-120 min.) with constant oil/methanol weight ratio 5:1 and mixing speed 1300 rpm. The concentration of Fatty acid methyl esters (Biodiesel) was determined for the transesterficated oil samples, besides of some important physical properties such as specific gravity, viscosity, pour point and flash point. The behavior of methyl esters production and the physica
... Show MoreOne of the wellbore instability problems in vertical wells are breakouts in Zubair oilfield. Breakouts, if exceeds its critical limits will produce problems such as loss circulation which will add to the non-productive time (NPT) thus increasing loss in costs and in total revenues. In this paper, three of the available rock failure criteria (Mohr-Coulomb, Mogi-Coulomb and Modified-Lade) are used to study and predict the occurrence of the breakouts. It is found that there is an increase over the allowable breakout limit in breakout width in Tanuma shaly formation and it was predicted using Mohr-Coulomb criterion. An increase in the pore pressure was predicted in Tanuma shaly formation, thus; a new mud weight and casing pr
... Show MoreThe freedom to promote ideas is one of the freedoms protected by constitutions and laws, and it is exercised by individuals through traditional and electronic media. However, this freedom must be exercised according to certain limits, represented by the necessity of respecting human rights, just as individuals have the freedom to exercise their right to publish and express their opinion in every way. Frankly, in return, she must respect the rights of others . Perhaps the development that has occurred in the various media, including journalism, radio, television, and the emergence of a new medium represented by the Internet, has contributed significantly to harming the security of individuals through the promotion of extremist ideas. This be
... Show MoreThe family Pholcidae represented by the species Artema doriae )Thorell, 1881) is recorded in Iraq for the first time.So far, 23 families of spiders have been recorded in Iraq.
In this paper, we add a new family and a description of a species belonging to this family in the checklist of Iraqi spider fauna.
The interest in calcium phosphates arises from the fact that bones contain a high percentage of mineralized calcium phosphate . In this study, pure and biocompatible hydroxyapatite (HAP) powder was successfully synthesized using hen’s egg shell as calcium source and phosphoric acid by precipitation method.The precipitate obtained was subjected to ripenning process for 24 hours, filtered, air dried, and calcined at temperatures of 400,800,900,and 1000 ºC.
X-Ray diffraction(XRD) technique was used to investigate the formation of HAP powder, XRD results revealed the HAP formation and also indicate no occurrence of secondary phases. Fourier Transform Infrared(FT-IR) spectrum shows the characterstic peaks for phosphate and hydroxyl grou