Metal oxide nanoparticles demonstrate uniqueness in various technical applications due to their suitable physiochemical properties. In particular, yttrium oxide nanoparticle(Y₂O₃NPs) is familiar for technical applications because of its higher dielectric constant and thermal stability. It is widely used as a host material for a variety of rare-earth dopants, biological imaging, and photodynamic therapies. In this investigation, yttrium oxide nanoparticles (Y₂O₃NPs) was used as an ecofriendly corrosion inhibitor through the use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV-Visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX), the physico-chemical characterization of Y₂O₃NPs was examined. The primary characteristic peak of YOY at 565 cm^-1, which indicates the synthesis of nanoparticles, is seen in the FT-IR spectra. The XRD pattern showed that a single phase cubic structure of YONPs with an Ia-3 space group had formed. SEM was used to examine the surface morphology. The composition of Yttrium and oxygen in Y₂O₃NPs was determined to be 78.74% and 21.26%, respectively, according to the EDX results. The anticorrosive behavior was tested by polarization curve in 18.204% CaCl₂ solution at five temperatures in the range 293- 313 K. Various concentrations 0.15 0.26 and 0.37 of N Y₂O₃NPs coating on the carbon steel surface were applied using the electrophoresis deposition method. The obtained results indicated that Y₂O₃NPs formed a protective film acts as a physical barrier for the protection of steel alloy. Additionally, corrosion protection efficiency values of 0.26 N Y₂O₃NPs coating were superior to that of 0.15 and 0.37 N Y₂O₃NPs coating, respectively.