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An evaluation of waste and well water quality for agriculture production around Erbil city, Iraq
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Erbil city is located in the northern Iraq with a population of over one million people. Due to water crises farmers usually use wastewater and well water for the agricultural production. In this study six stations were designed to sample waste water and three from well water to define waste water and ground water characteristics. In this study, Residual Na+ Carbonate, Mg++ hazard, salinity hazard, Kelley index, %sodium, total hardness, permeability index, potential salinity, sodium adsorption ratio, and Irrigation Water Quality Index (IWQI) were determined. The order of average cation concentrations in water was Mg2+> Ca2+ > Na+ > K+. While the proportion of main anions in water were HCO3 >SO4 > Cl. The highest concentrations of Ca2+, Mg2+ and Na+ were found in well water, while the highest concentration of K+ was found in wastewater. The maximum concentration of HCO3 and Cl recorded in well water, while the highest concentration SO4 recorded in wastewater. Moreover, the order of trace elements was Pb > Al > Fe > Cd > As > Mn >Cr > Ag > Ni. Keeping in mind metal concentration set by  US EPA and FAO (1999) and (1994) guidelines the levels of Pb, Al, Fe, Mn, Cr, Ag and Ni in the waste and well water were within the admissible limitations  for irrigation schemes. Moreover, limitations of As and Cd were beyond permissible limitation need to be reduced.  The IWQI ranged from 88.92 to 95.09 in the waste water samples. Overall assessment reveals that cultivated agriculture plants were secured from toxic compounds.

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Publication Date
Thu Jul 07 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
COMPARISON BETEEEN THE CONSUMPTION OF RED MEAT AND WHITE MEAT FOR ASAMPLE OF CITIZENS OF THE CITY OF BAGHDAD/ AN EXPLORATORY STUDY : COMPARISON BETEEEN THE CONSUMPTION OF RED MEAT AND WHITE MEAT FOR ASAMPLE OF CITIZENS OF THE CITY OF BAGHDAD/ AN EXPLORATORY STUDY
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Three hundred Iraqi people participated in demographic and attitudes study about red and white meat consumption. The mean age of the participants was 50 SD ± 11 years (mean 30-72); 51% were females and 49% males, mostly in forties who lived ≥ 5 years in Baghdad. The results showed that 80% of individuals prefer red meat. A 90% of people prefer fresh meat compared to frozen and processed meat. A 60% of people buy meat from popular markets. Nearly 87% of respondents believe the improving of livestock sector is essential and 80% of people confirmed there are obstacles to development this sector. An 80% of participates thought the reasons of the high prices of local fresh meat is the lack of plann

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 02 2016
Journal Name
Alustath Journal For Human And Social Sciences
Islamic Electronic Libraries and The service for downloading Research and Comic books (PDF): An Evaluation study
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The research aims to evaluate Islamic electronic libraries and their service for downloading research and illustrated books, explaining their origins, features and types. The research was limited to the libraries available on the Internet that provide the service for downloading research and illustrated books. The researcher relied on the survey approach to identify the libraries and a sample of them (20 libraries) was selected. For the purpose of evaluating it according to five criteria related to the preparation and publication of Islamic electronic libraries (the responsible party, the goals and objectives, the year, the services it provides, the sections and subject specializations of its contents) and five criteria related to the servi

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Marketing decisions as an intermediary variable of the nature of the relationship between Environmental Turbulence and marketing effectiveness exploratory study of Carrefour branches in Erbil Governorate
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The organizations, represented by its Management, are working hard in various ways to identify the environmental disturbances that occur in their environment and to investigate and follow up the movement of these disturbances and to respond to them through the decisions they make in an attempt to keep pace with the work and sustainability of their activities, including those decisions, marketing decisions taken by the environmental disturbulence in the market of the organization, the inability of these organizations to read the indicators of these disturbulence correctly displays their marketing effectiveness to vibration and decline in the negative.The current research is based on a fundamental problem that envi

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 29 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Evaluation of the Mishrif Formation Using an Advanced Method of Interpretation
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The Mishrif Formation is one of the most important geological formations in Iraq consisting of limestone, marl, and shale layers since it is one of the main oil producing reservoirs in the country, which contain a significant portion of Iraq's oil reserves. The formation has been extensively explored and developed by the Iraqi government and international oil companies, with many oil fields being developed within it. The accurate evaluation of the Mishrif formation is key to the successful exploitation of this field. However, its geological complexity poses significant challenges for oil production, requiring advanced techniques to accurately evaluate its petrophysical properties.

   This study used advanced well-logging analysi

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 13 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Evaluation of Women's Knowledge and Personal Preference about The Place of Delivery in Baghdad City
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Objective: The study aim to evaluate of women's knowledge and personal preference about the place
of delivery in Baghdad City
Methodology:
descriptive study conducted in baghdad city on the mothers for the period from the 14th of December,
2015 to the 14th of April 2016. The sample of study included 500 mothers who were attending to
primary health care centers have been chosen sample of 26 primary health care center by a multi-stage
Simple random sampling Data was collected through a constructed questionnaire, validity Data was
analyzed by using of descriptive and inferential data analysis methods .
Results: The results indicated that approximately (29.4%) of the mothers in the age group (20-24) and
the average

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 03 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The adequacy of foreign reserves and their role in the stability of the exchange rate of the Iraqi dinar
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Many countries are very important in their interest not only in diversifying foreign reserves, but in determining and planning their volume in accordance with the goals set, namely facing potential external shocks, as the research aims to determine the extent of the strength of foreign reserves in the possession of the Central Bank in relation to every influential variable in the Iraqi economy. , in order to determine the minimum level of reserves that requires reconsideration of the exchange rate, as the research adopted the inductive analytical method in analyzing real (Quantitative data) for the research variables in the years of study, as the research adopted a set of analytical indicators approved by the International Moneta

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 21 2020
Journal Name
Bulletin Of The Iraq Natural History Museum (p-issn: 1017-8678 , E-issn: 2311-9799)
AN EVALUATION OF INVASIVE PEST, RED PALM WEEVIL RHYNCHOPHORUS FERRUGINEUS (OLIVIER, 1790) (COLEOPTERA, CURCULIONIDAE) POPULATION IN IRAQ
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The Red Palm Weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier, 1790) is a devastating invasive pest of palm trees, invading the Iraqi date palm tree in 2015 for the first time in Safwan county, Basrah province. The Red Palm weevil has been categorized as a quarantine pest of date palm trees worldwide. In this study, a five years monitoring program has been achieved by scouting the invasive pest RPW population in Safwan county by using visual sampling and Pheromone baited traps.
The results indicated that the number of infested palms, increased from 12 trees in 2015 to 111 in 16 orchards in 2016. The number of the infested palms was minimized to 3 trees in the county in 2019 due to the management protocol of the Ministry of Agriculture

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Publication Date
Tue Jul 01 2014
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
Depleted Uranium And use an American in Iraq
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اليورانيوم المنضب واستخدامه امريكياً في العراق

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Rationalization the costs of agricultural Activities under the use of genetic engineering: An applied research in ministry of agriculture - The directorate of inspection & certification of seeds
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The importance of this research has been to rationalize the cost of producing maize seeds through the followers of modern techniques and methods in agricultural activities such as genetic engineering for increasing production efficiency of maize seeds as well as the importance of calculating seed cost rationalization through the ABC system and thus rationalizing government spending. The research is based on one hypothesis in two ways that the use of genetic engineering on maize seeds works to: one - increase production efficiency of seeds and savings in agricultural inputs. 2. Rationalize the costs of examining and planting maize seeds. In order to calculate the costs will be based on the cost system based on activities ABC. The research

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 30 2004
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Control of Calcium Scale and Corrosion of Medical City Cooling Water System using Sulfuric Acid
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