The hydroconversion of Iraqi light straight run naphtha was studied on zeolite catalyst. 0.3wt.%Pt/HMOR catalyst was prepared locally and used in the present work. The hydroconversion performed on a continuous fixed-bed laboratory reaction unit. Experiments were performed in the temperature range of 200 to 350°C, pressure range of 3 to 15 bars, LHSV range of 0.5-2.5h^-1, and the hydrogen to naphtha ratio of 300.

The results show that the hydroconversion of Iraqi light straight naphtha increases with increase in reaction temperature and decreases with increase in LHSV.

High octane number isomers were formed at low temperature of 240°C. The selectivity of hydroisomerization improved by increasing reaction pressu

    The present paper confirmed the presence of Phrynocephalus maculatus longicaudatus Haas, 1957 in Iraq and recorded the first observations of this taxon in Al-Muthanna province southwestern of Iraq. The existence of the species is yet uncertain in Iraq. The habitat and morphological characteristics of this species were reviewed.

    The present paper confirmed the presence of Phrynocephalus maculatus longicaudatus Haas, 1957 in Iraq and recorded the first observations of this taxon in Al-Muthanna province southwestern of Iraq. The existence of the species is yet uncertain in Iraq. The habitat and morphological characteristics of this species were reviewed.

The conservation for biodiversity in Iraqi freshwater environments is important to protecting native species from the environmental impacts of alien species. Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) (Siluriformes, Clariidae) has been recognized as an alien species in Iraqi water bodies. This study aims to use molecular DNA to identify this catfish and trace its origins using. The DNA sequences of C. gariepinus were done using the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene, and a specific primer set. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification was used to align the COI gene as a barcoding marker. After analysis, the sequences were compared with sequences in the National Center for Biology Information (NCBI) database

Precision is one of the main elements that control the quality of a geodetic network, which defines as the measure of the network efficiency in propagation of random errors. This research aims to solve ZOD and FOD problems for a geodetic network using Rosenbrock Method to optimize the geodetic networks by using MATLAB programming language, to find the optimal design of geodetic network with high precision. ZOD problem was applied to a case study network consists of 19 points and 58 designed distances with a priori deviation equal to 5mm, to determine the best points in the network to consider as control points. The results showed that P55 and P73 having the minimum ellipse of error and considered as control points. FOD problem was applie

Chemical compounds, characteristics, and molecular structures are inevitably connected. Topological indices are numerical values connected with chemical molecular graphs that contribute to understanding a chemical compounds physical qualities, chemical reactivity, and biological activity. In this study, we have obtained some topological properties of the first dominating David derived (DDD) networks and computed several K-Banhatti polynomials of the first type of DDD.

Agility is considered an important motor ability for assistant referees and it is vital for passing modern tests issued in September 2016. The researcher used the experimental method. The subjects were (10) referees; four of them for pilot study. The experimental group followed the exercises designed by the while the controlling group used the traditional exercises followed by the refereeing committee. All referees were tested the standardized agility test issued by the FIFA. The researchers concluded that agility plays a vital role in developing some refereeing skill. Finally they recommend developing agility for improving refereeing skills.

The present study describes employing zero-, 1st - and 2nd -order derivative spectrophotometric methods have been developed for determination of lorazepam (LORA) and clonazepam (CLON) in commercially available tablets. LORA was determined by means of 1st (D1), 2nd (D2) derivative spectrophotometric techniques using zero cross, peak height, and Peak area. D1 used for the determination of CLON by using zero cross and peak height while D2 (zero cross) was used for the determination of CLON. The method was established to be linear in concentration containing different ratios of LORA and CLON range of (20-200 mg/L) and (5-35 mg/L) at wavelength range (250 -370 nm), (210-370nm) respectively. The proposed techniques are highly sensitive, precise a