Algae have been used in different applications in various fields such as the pharmaceutical industry, environmental treatments, and biotechnology. Studies show that the preparation of nanoparticles by a green synthesis method is a promising solution to many medical and environmental issues. In the current study, the green alga Stigeoclonium attenuatum (Hazen) F.S. Collins 1909 was isolated and identified from the Al-Hillah River (Governorate of Babylon) in the middle of Iraq. The green synthesis by the aqueous extract of algae was used to prepare the nanoflakes of ZnO. Nanoflakes of ZnO are characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) with flakes shape and dimensions ranging between 200-500 nm and thickness between 20-23 nm. And this study comprises a test of ZnO nanoflakes efficiency as a photocatalyst factor, thus experiments set of an aqueous solution of methylene blue with ZnO nanoflakes and exposed to sunlight have been conducted. The absorbance of methylene blue at 660 nm reduces over time and almost vanishes between 60-120 minutes. Consequently, it is obvious that in the presence of sunlight, pristine ZnO nanoflakes are photocatalytically active with a degradation efficiency of 97%. Furthermore, the antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoflakes that were prepared by aqueous extract of algae was evaluated against some resistant strains of bacteria Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus sp. and the antibacterial activity of NPs rises as concentration increases 50, 100, and 150 μg/ml.
Humanity has Suffered Greatly from the Economic crisis and instability, Before the Emergence of the rule of the Capitalist System, However, the reaons were Different. But almost Completely Contradictory. At a time When the Causes of the Crisis was due to the time Factor is the product of failure of productie forces, Bears modern Crises resoled by the progress that is in the embrace of the abundance, and as far as lies in the nature and content of the capitalist system itselfas a system based on the creation of productive capacities in excess unable to accomplish through demand by the chaos of production based, on the logic of the market on one hand, and the nature of the output and direction. On the other hand the relations
... Show Moreإن الاستخدام الفعال للأموال العامة يشكل احد الدعامات الأساسية من اجل حسن إدارة تلك الأموال و فعالية القرارات الصادرة عن السلطات المختصة ، و أن هذا الهدف لا يتحقق ما لم تكون الرقابة المالية ذات فعالية لكبح جماح حالات الفساد الإداري النظمي و تفشي ذلك في جهاز الدولة الإداري. لان ظاهرة الفساد الإداري تؤدي بجهاز الدولة الإداري إلى فقدان كيانه الموحد لصالح المنظومات الفاسدة رغم احتفاظه بكيانه الموحد شكليا، كما ت
... Show Moreيعد شعر المنفى احد اهم روافد الادب المعاصر فهو يعكس الإبداع الشعري الحقيقي للشاعر المنفي، ويعكس في الوقت ذاته الحنين والألم الذي يعاني منه بسبب البعد عن وطنه. ومن ناحية أخرى، يصور شعر المنفى حالة المقاومة والنضال التي يختزنها الشاعر . نتناول في هذا البحث م وضوع شعر المنفى عند شاعرين منفيين لم يلتقيا في بلد واحد ولم يتبنيا ثقافة فكرية مشتركة, إلا أن الشاعرين تحملا نفس مرارة المنفى التي عبرا عنها بشكل واضح في شعر
... Show Moreيمثل التنافس الهندي الصيني على منطقة جنوب اسيا من ابرز المظاهر لرسم خريطة التحالفات بالمنطقة
اعفاء عقود تراخيص الملكية الصناعية من الحظر وفقا للقانون الامريكي و الاوربي
شكل العنف مظهرا من المظاهر التي عصفت بالمجتمع العراقي مابعد 2003
معيار القصديَّة في النص هو من الدراسات الحديثة المتطورة من لسانيات الجملة الى لسانيات النص ، وتحليل الخطاب . والذي يعنى بالطرق والأدوات التي يستغلها المؤلف لتحقيق الغايات المقصديَّة
وهذا البحث ناقش مفهوم(القصديَّة) لغةً ،واصطلاحاً . فاللغة والكلام شكل من أشكال الوجود الإنساني و( الكلام) هو وسيلة التواصل بين الملقي القارئ ، والمتلقي السامع ؛ وللتوصل الى الدلالة القصديَّة الدقيقة للغة المنطوقة وا
... Show MoreBackground: The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate the vertical marginal fit of crowns fabricated with ZrO2 CAD/CAM, before and after porcelain firing cycles and after glaze cycles. Materials and Methods: An acrylic resin model of a left maxillary first molar was prepared and duplicated to have Nickel-Chromium master die. Ten die stone dies were sent to the CAD/CAM (Amann Girrbach) for crowns fabrication. Marginal gaps along vertical planes were measured at four indentations at the (mid mesial, mid distal, mid buccal, mid palatal) before (Time 0) and after porcelain firing cycles (Time 1) and after glaze cycles (Time 2) using a light microscope at a magnification of ×100. One way ANOVA LSD tests were performed to determine wh
... Show MoreThis research includes a study of the ability of Iraqi porcelanite rocks powder to remove the basic Safranine dye from its aqueous process by adsorption. The experiments were carried out at 298Kelvin in order to determine the effect of the starting concentration for Safranin dye, mixing time, pH, and the effect of ionic Strength. The good conditions were perfect for safranine dye adsorption was performed when0.0200g from that adsorbed particles and the removal max percentage was found be 96.86% at 9 mg/L , 20 minutes adsorption time and at PH=8 and in 298 K. The isothermal equilibrum stoichiometric adsorption confirmed, the process data were examined by Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption equations at different temperatures
... Show MoreThe extract of fig fruit has shown significant medical usefulness in various fields. The entrance of nanotechnology into the field of medicinal and pharmacology has shown remarkable advantages. Plants contain diverse molecules thatcan reduce metals, and provide a safe, eco-friendly approach for synthesizing nanoparticles. Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have been reported to possess an antimicrobial effect against some strains of bacteria and moulds. We have aimed to synthesize IONPs from fig fruit extract and investigate the influence of fig extract and IONPs in wound healing of mice. UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and field emission scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the IONPs that were produced
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