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Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes Using Modified Hummers Method for Cathode Electrodes in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell
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      In this research, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is prepared  through the Hummers method with a slight change in some of the work steps, thus, a new method has been created for preparing carbon nanotubes which is similar to the original Hummers method that is used to prepare graphene oxide. Then, the suspension carbon nanotubes is transferred to a simple electrode position platform consisting of two electrodes and the cell body for the coating and reduction of the carbon nanotubes on ITO glass which represents the cathode electrode while platinum represents the anode electrode. The deposited layer of carbon nanotubes is examined through the scanning electron microscope technique (SEM), and the images throughout the research show the formation of carbon nanotubes. In the second part of the research, a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC)  is prepared to utilize carbon nanotube as the cathode electrode, titanium oxide nanoparticles as the anode electrode by using a natural dye (pomegranate dye). The assembled dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is tested by two electrodes potentiostat using Xenon light source and all parameters are established; Vocp, Imax, Vmax, Isc and calculated full factor and conversion efficiency.                                                                                                                        

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Technologies And Materials For Renewable Energy, Environment And Sustainability: Tmrees21gr
Theoretical investigation of charge transfer at N3 sensitized molecule dye contact with TiO2 and ZnO semiconductor
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(3) (PDF) Theoretical investigation of charge transfer at N3 sensitized molecule dye contact with TiO2 and ZnO semiconductor. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/362773606_Theoretical_investigation_of_charge_transfer_at_N3_sensitized_molecule_dye_contact_with_TiO2_and_ZnO_semiconductor [accessed May 01 2023].

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Publication Date
Wed Apr 01 2020
Journal Name
Plant Archives
Land cover change detection using satellite images based on modified spectral angle mapper method
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This research depends on the relationship between the reflected spectrum, the nature of each target, area and the percentage of its presence with other targets in the unity of the target area. The changes occur in Land cover have been detected for different years using satellite images based on the Modified Spectral Angle Mapper (MSAM) processing, where Landsat satellite images are utilized using two software programming (MATLAB 7.11 and ERDAS imagine 2014). The proposed supervised classification method (MSAM) using a MATLAB program with supervised classification method (Maximum likelihood Classifier) by ERDAS imagine have been used to get farthest precise results and detect environmental changes for periods. Despite using two classificatio

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 01 2020
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Decolorization of Phenol Red Dye by Immobilized Laccase in Chitosan Beads Using Laccase - Mediator - System Model
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This work describes the enhancement of phenol red decolorization through immobilizing of laccase in chitosan and enzyme recycling. Commercial laccase from white rot fungus, Trametesversicolor (Tvlac), was immobilizedin to freshly prepared chitosan beads by using glutaraldehyde as a cross linker. Characterization of prepared chitosan was confirmed by FTIR and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Tvlac (46.2 U/mL) immobilized into chitosan beads at 0.8 % glutaraldehyde (v/v) within 24 hrs. Synthetic (HBT) and natural (vanillin) mediators were used to enhance dye decolorizoation. It was found that 89 % of phenol red was decolorized by chitosan beads within 180 min. in the absence of enzyme and mediator, while decolorization percenta

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 05 2017
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Adsorption of Congo Red Dye from Aqueous Solution onto Natural and Modified Bauxite Clays
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The adsorption behavior of congo red dye from its aqueous solutions was investigated onto natural and modified bauxite clays. Both bauxite and modified bauxite are primarily characterized by using, FTIR, SEM, AFM, and XRD. Several variables are studied as a function of adsorption including contact time, adsorbent weight, pH, ionic strength, particle size and temperature under batch adsorption technique. The absorbance of the solution before and after adsorption was measured spectrophotometrically. The equilibrium data fit with Langmuir model of adsorption and the linear regression coefficient R2 is found to be 0.9832 and 0.9630 for natural and modified bauxite respectively at 37.5°C which elucidate the best fitting isotherm model. The gene

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 19 2024
Journal Name
Chalcogenide Letters
Influence of copper on zinc oxide films and solar cell performance
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Copper doped Zinc oxide and (n-ZnO / p-Si and n-ZnO: Cu / p-Si) thin films thru thickness (400±20) nm were deposited by thermal evaporation technique onto two substrates. The influence of different Cu percentages (1%,3% and 5%) on ZnO thin film besides hetero junction (ZnO / Si) characteristics were investigated, with X-ray diffractions examination supports ZnO films were poly crystal then hexagonal structural per crystallite size increase from (22.34 to 28.09) nm with increasing Cu ratio. The optical properties display exceptional optically absorptive for 5% Cu dopant with reduced for optically gaps since 3.1 toward 2.7 eV. Hall Effect measurements presented with all films prepared pure and doped have n-types conductive, with a ma

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 25 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
The Effect of Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes on the Microhardness of the Tooth Enamel
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Background: The objectives of this study are to evaluate the effect of addition of Multi-Wall Carbon Nano Tubes (MWCNTs) of different concentrations (0.05 mg.mL-1,0.25 mg.mL-1,0.5 mg.mL-1and1 mg.mL-1) on dimethyl sulphoxide DMSO and distilled water (DW) on tooth enamel. It intends to evaluate enamel microhardness in (Kg. m-2) pre and post the application of Multi-Wall Carbon Nano Tubes (MWCNTs). Materials and Methods: Thirty specimens prepared for the present study to measure the hardness of the enamel. Results: The results showed that a significant increase in the enamel microhardness for groups 0.05 mg/mL (group B), 0.25 mg/mL (group C), 0.5 mg/mL (group D) and 1 mg/mL (group E) compared with control group (group A) in dimethyl sulphoxi

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Publication Date
Tue May 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Physics: Conference Series
The Effect of Multi Wall Carbon Nanotubes on Some Physical Properties of Epoxy Matrix
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Publication Date
Tue Jun 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Using the Critical Path Method (CPM) for scheduling the project (paving the Amil Sayid Al-Ayyam Street with a length of 1.25 km) In terms of Decresing the time
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The implementation of the concept of project scheduling in the organizations generally requires a set of procedures and requirements, So, most important of all is the understanding and knowledge of the tools and techniques which are called the methods of scheduling projects. Consequently, the projects of the municipality administration in the holy governorate of Karbala suffer from the problem of delaying their projects and chaos in the ways of implementation. To provide assistance to this directorate and to demonstrate how to schedule projects using one of the advanced scientific methods that proved their ability to schedule any project and its potential to accelerate the time of completion, as well as ease of use and effectiven

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Publication Date
Sat Sep 30 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Performance of Electro-Fenton Process for Phenol Degradation Using Nickel Foam as a Cathode
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Toxic substances have been released into water supplies in recent decades because of fast industrialization and population growth. Fenton electrochemical process has been addressed to treat wastewater which is very popular because of its high efficiency and straightforward design. One of the advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) is electro-Fenton (EF) process, and electrode material significantly affects its performance. Nickel foam was chosen as the source of electro-generated hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) due to its good characteristics. In the present study, the main goals were to explore the effects of operation parameters (FeSO4 concentration, current density, and electrolysis time) on the catalytic performance that was optimized by r

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Publication Date
Sat Sep 30 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Performance of Electro-Fenton Process for Phenol Degradation Using Nickel Foam as a Cathode
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Toxic substances have been released into water supplies in recent decades because of fast industrialization and population growth. Fenton electrochemical process has been addressed to treat wastewater which is very popular because of its high efficiency and straightforward design. One of the advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) is electro-Fenton (EF) process, and electrode material significantly affects its performance. Nickel foam was chosen as the source of electro-generated hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) due to its good characteristics. In the present study, the main goals were to explore the effects of operation parameters (FeSO4 concentration, current density, and electrolysis time) on the catalytic perform

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