The research problem lies in identifying the challenges facing spreading the culture of peace in Iraq, and the most important factors of its instability from the point of view of leaders and intellectual elites.The research derives its importance from the fact that the peace imposed by justice leads to a stable Iraq and a prosperous future.

The study aims to identify the most prominent challenges and obstacles created by wars and faced the process of spreading the culture of peace and instability in Iraq, and to shed light on the reasons leading to the employment of the capabilities of community leaders in spreading the culture of peace.The objective of the current research is to identify the challenges of spreading the culture o

In the current study, wild land plant specimens were collected during the flowering and fruiting period of these plants in February, April, June, August, and October 2023 from the riparian area of the Dujail River, Salahaldin Province, north of Baghdad, Iraq. Identified and the results showed that the number of these species were: 104 species, belong to 29 plant families, Included 26 dicotyledon families with 76 genera and 96 species. The asteraceae family was the most diverse, with 30 species, followed by Brassicaceae with (12) species. Additionally, there were 13 families represented by only one species in Dujail River which included: Apocynaceae, Berberidaceae, Capparaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Convolvulaceae, Geraniaceae, Lythraceae

The research aims to examine the integration effect among resource consumption accounting (RCA) system and the enterprise resource planning (ERP) on both costs reduction and quality improvement. The study questioner form distributed to two different respondents as the unit of analysis. The research reached various conclusions most important of which is the integration relationship can help solve the special difficulties in managing the economic unit data. Moreover, the integration provides a clear picture of the causal relationships between resources, resource quantities, and associated costs

Transportation and distribution are the most important elements in the work system for any company, which are of great importance in the success of the chain work. Al-Rabee factory is one of the largest ice cream factories in Iraq and it is considered one of the most productive and diversified factories with products where its products cover most areas of the capital Baghdad, however, it lacks a distribution system based on scientific and mathematical methods to work in the transportation and distribution processes, moreover, these processes need a set of important data that cannot in any way be separated from the reality of fuzziness industrial environment in Iraq, which led to use the fuzzy sets theory to reduce the levels of uncertainty.

Most studies indicated that the values ​​of atmospheric variables have changed from their general rates due to pollution or global warming etc. Hence, the research indicates the changes of direct solar radiation values ​​over a whole century i.e. from 1900 to 2000 depending on registered data for four cities, namely (Mosul - Baghdad - Rutba - Basra. Moreover, attemptsto correlate the direct solar radiation with the temperature values have been ​​recorded over that period. The results showed that there is a decreasing pattern of radiation quantities over time throughout the study period, where the value of direct radiation over the city of Baghdad 5550 w/m² was recorded in the year 1900, but this ratio decreased cle

Ibn al-Anbari, however, turned to Abu Hatim al-Sijistani in eleven places of his book ((clarify the endowment and start)). The study showed that the right and right was with the son of Anbari and that what went to Sistani saying uniqueness, and contrary to the vast majority of scientists. The study also showed that the science of grammar affects the endowment and initiation, as the study showed that the science of endowment and initiation is one of the important sciences of the Koran, which must be carefully received, researchers.

An experimental and numerical study has been carried out to investigate the heat transfer by natural convection and radiation in a two dimensional annulus enclosure filled with porous media (glass beads) between two horizontal concentric cylinders. The outer cylinders are of (100, 82 and70mm) outside diameters and the inner cylinder of 27 mm outside diameter with (or without) annular fins attached to it. Under steady state condition; the inner cylinder surface is maintained at a high temperature by applying a uniform heat flux and the outer cylinder surface at a low temperature inside a freezer. The experiments were carried out for an annulus filled with
glass beads at a range of modified Rayleigh number (4.9 ≤ Ra≤ 69), radiation

The aim of this study was to identify the effectiveness of using generative learning model in learning kinetic series on rings and horizontal bar in artistic gymnastics for men ,Also, the two groups were better in learning the two series of movements on the rings and horizontal bar . The experimental method was used to design two parallel groups with pretested and posttest .The sample included third graders at the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University of Baghdad ,The third class (d) was chosen to represent the control group that applied the curriculum in the college, with (12) students per group. After conducting the tribal tests, the main experiment was carried out for (8) weeks at the rate of two units per week di

The present expermint was designed to determine the effect of Sodium Selenite (0.5 mg/kg) and Vitamin A (10 mg/kg) in FSH and LH level in Albino Male Mice treated with Hexavalent Chromium (1000 ppm). `This study included 48 mice divided into six groups (1st group treated with distilled water and the 2nd group treated with Sesame Oil were considered as control group, 3th group exposed to Hexavalent chromium , 4th group treated with Sodium Selenite and exposed to Hexavalent Chromium , 5th group treated with Vitamin A and exposed to Hexavalent Chromium and 6th group treated with Sodium Selenite and Vitamin A and exposed to Hexavalent Chromium ) . The treatment lasted for 35 days. The results showed a significant (P ? 0.05) decrease in FSH an