Mosquitoes like Culex quinquefasciatus are the primary vector that transmits many causes of diseases such as filariasis, Japanese encephalitis, and West Nile virus, in many countries around the world. The development in the scientific fields, such as nanotechnology, leads to use this technique in control programs of insects including mosquitoes through the use of green synthesis of nanoemulsions based on plant products such as castor oil. Castor oil nanoemulsion was formulated in various ratios comprising of castor oil, ethanol, tween 80, and deionized water by ultrasonication. Thermodynamic assay improved that the formula of (10 ml) of castor oil, ethanol (5ml), tween 80 (14 ml) and deionized water (71ml) was more stable than other formulas. The formulated castor oil nanoemulsion was characterized by transmitting electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. Nanoemulsion droplets were spherical in shape and found to have a Z-average diameter of 93 nm. A concentration of castor oil nanoemulsion (250, 350, 450, and 550 ppm) was tested as larvicidal agents and bulk emulsion (1000, 1500, 2000, and 2500 ppm) was tested also and compared against the fourth instar larvae. Our nanoemulsion showed higher activity when compared to bulk emulsion. LC50 for castor oil nanoemulsion and castor bulk emulsion were found to be 268.21 and 409.37ppm after 72 h, respectively. The biochemical assays were carried out to examine the effect of castor oil nanoemulsion on biochemical characteristics of larvae. The treated larval homogenate showed inhibition in the activity of acetylcholinesterase.
The main function of the auditing process is to get a financial report provide information about the activities of the economic entities. The financial report's information is intended to be useful in making decisions and planning for entities future. Such information became more effective and efficient if the auditors process analytical auditing procedures, by using those financial analysis tools, which mean more detailed indicators.
The objectives of this research are to investigate auditor's use of analytical procedures in Oman and identify the main objectives for using these procedures. A questionnaire was used to gather the data for the study. A sample of 65 auditors and the response rate was 80% (52).
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... Show MoreLearning a foreign language is a highly interactive process, and a belief that communicative activities foster a great amount of linguistic production provides language practice and opportunities for negotiation of meaning during communicative exchanges. Thus, this study examines what benefits learner-centered classroom setting offers compared with that of teacher–centered classroom, and how less proficient learners accomplish their tasks and activities with scaffolded help during interaction with the help of proficient classmates and under the guidance of a skilful person, i.e., the teacher. The subjects participating in this study are 30 Iraqi 4th year college students in the Department of English, College of Arts , Univer
... Show MoreABSTRACT
Learning vocabulary is a challenging task for female English as a foreign language (EFL) students. Thus, improving students’ knowledge of vocabulary is critical if they are to make progress in learning a new language. The current study aimed at exploring the vocabulary learning strategies used by EFL students at Northern Border University (NBU). It also aimed to identify the mechanisms applied by EFL students at NBU University to learn vocabulary. It also aimed at evaluating the approaches adopted by EFL female students at Northern Border University (NBU) to learn a language. The study adopted the descriptive-analytical method. Two research instruments were developed to collect data namely, a survey qu
... Show Moreاقيمت الكنائس على جانبي مدينة بغداد الغربي(الكرخ) والشرقي(الرصافة)، أما الأديرة فقد انشئت في موضع مدينة بغداد قبل بنائها وبعد البناء حافظ البعض منها على مكانته وانشئ البعض الآخر، في جانبيها الغربي(الكرخ) والشرقي(الرصافة)، وهو ما سنركز عليه في بحثنا عن كنائس وأديرة بغداد لمختلف الطوائف المسيحية فيها، فضلاً عن تسليط الضوء على دورها الإجتماعي والإقتصادي والثقافي، وإن كان محدوداً جداً وقاصراً على الأديرة أكثر
... Show MoreThe book "News of Time in the History of Bani Abbas" for Khazraji of important historical books, because of the news of the sons of Abbas, which is part of the book (Alosdp Almstok in the history of Islam, the layers of kings, ranked on the years starting from the emergence of Islam
Corpus linguistics is a methodology in studying language through corpus-based research. It differs from a traditional approach in studying a language (prescriptive approach) in its insistence on the systematic study of authentic examples of language in use (descriptive approach).A “corpus” is a large body of machine-readable structurally collected naturally occurring linguistic data, either written texts or a transcription of recorded speech, which can be used as a starting-point of linguistic description or as a means of verifying hypotheses about a language. In the past decade, interest has grown tremendously in the use of language corpora for language education. The ways in which corpora have been employed in language pedago
... Show Moreرمت الدراسة التعرف بمستويات التفكير الهندسي لدى طلبة قسم الرياضيات في كلية التربية / ابن الهيثم - جامعة بغداد، ولتحقيق هدف الدراسة تم اعتماد مقياس الحربي(2003) المعد على البيئة السعودية ويتكون من (25) فقرة موزعه على خمسة مستويات وهي (المستوى البصري ، التحليلي ، شبه الاستدلالي، الاستدلالي، المجرد وبلغت عينة الدراسة (206) طلاب من طلبة قسم الرياضيات في كلية التربية- ابن الهيثم بجامعة بغداد تم اختيارهم بالطريقة ال
... Show MoreThe aim of this research is subjected to discover The Dictation mistakes which occur
widely in the Arabic Language written by Iraqi – News papers.
The research classified These Mistakes in Three groups as Follows:
1. The first group dealing with distinguishing between the Arabic – letter ) ا ( When Written
or ) أ ( at The beginning The word and as ) ئ ( which differ in meaning from each other .
2. The second group dealing with the writing of The Arabic ) ٙ( and as ) ٛ( at the end of The
word which differ in meaning from each other.
3. The Third group dealing with distinguishing in written The Arabic letter as ) ض( or as ) )ظ
which differ in meaning From each other.
4. The fourth group dealing with Th