The paper aims to propose Teaching Learning based Optimization (TLBO) algorithm to solve 3-D packing problem in containers. The objective which can be presented in a mathematical model is optimizing the space usage in a container. Besides the interaction effect between students and teacher, this algorithm also observes the learning process between students in the classroom which does not need any control parameters. Thus, TLBO provides the teachers phase and students phase as its main updating process to find the best solution. More precisely, to validate the algorithm effectiveness, it was implemented in three sample cases. There was small data which had 5 size-types of items with 12 units, medium data which had 10 size-types of items with 106 units, and large data which had 20 size-types of items with 110 units. Moreover, it was also compared with another algorithm called Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA). According to the computational results in those example cases, it can be concluded that higher number of population and iterations can bring higher chances to obtain a better solution. Finally, TLBO shows better performance in solving the 3-D packing problem compared with GSA.
يعد العقد من اهم مصادر الالتزام كونه الوسيلة الفاعلة التي يمكن من خلالها المتعاقد التحقق من مصالحه واهدافه مادامت لا تتعارض مع النظام العام ، ومتى مانشأ صحيحاً وفقاً للاركان والشروط التي يتطلبها القانون اصبح ملزماً لكلا طرفيه ، بحيث يخضعان بموجبه لقوة العقد ، وقد لا ينعقد وفقاً للسياق السابق بسبب عدم استكماله لشروط صحته فينعدم اثره بين المتعاقدين او الغير ، وتلك هي فكرة البحث .
The study aims at showing the role of tax audit in Impact the quality of tax statements. Tax audit is one of the most important means used by tax management to identify taxable revenues in a just, fair manner. The quality of statements relies on the extent to which the information provided by taxpayers is true and accurate. Tax audit works is compatible with the strategy of increasing tax adherence and detecting non-adherence cases and penalizing those who commit such violations. The study reached a number of results and conclusions. One of the most important results is that tax audit helps improve the information content of the taxpayers tax statements. This leads to recalculating taxable incomes and re-fixing t
... Show Moreوماذا ان اخطأت فرنسا في موضوعات العراق
The Holy Qur’an is considered the miracle of God Almighty on earth, that will remain until the Hour of Resurrection, in which are evidences of His Power, Glory be to Him, and its verses are extremely perfect in miraculousness, including the shadow verses in the Holy Qur’an
النظام القانوني للمعاهدات الدولية في القانون العراقي
جاء الكتاب في اربع فصول تناول الفصل التمهيدي نظرة عامة حول تعريف الدين والعبادة والديانة البوذية والفصل الأول تناول الصلاة في الديانة البوذية والديانات السماوية الثلاث وتناول الفصل الثاني الزكاة في الديانة البوذية والديانات السماوية الثلاث وتناول الفصل الثالث الصيام في الديانة البوذية والديانات السماوية الثلاث وتناول الفصل الرابع الحج في الديانة البوذية والديانات السماوية الثلاث وختم البحث بقائمة
... Show Moreيتفق معظم العلماء على اهمية الرأي العام في کل الازمنه والامکنة کلها، لکل ناس حکام ومحکومون افراد وجماعات فهو يشکل قوة ضغط على تلک الانظمة والحکومات وان کانت تلک القضايا لها مساس بمصالح الناس ومدى تاثيرها على الانظمة في اتخاذ القرارات من خلال الاحکام التي تصدرها الناس. والبحث هنا يتناول الرأي العام بمفهوم الحرية الممنوحة لهم وان کانت مدة الدراسة لا تتناول المفهوم بذاته ولکن يعبر عنه بمفاهيم مثل ارادة ال
... Show MoreHe was born in one of suburbs of Khawarzm in 362 AH and he was died in 440 AH. Newton and Gregor quote from him the mathematical laws in the interpolation and he laid the first foundations for trig.
the source of Fiqh do not give areal picture for the efforts which have been done for economic system of the taxes But it gives a special ideas about what must be done.