Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), is an autoimmune, and inflammatory disease that is closely related to the destruction of cartilage and bone. DC-SIGN are important types of C-type lectin receptors (CLRs), expressed on dendritic cells and macrophages, and have a central role in regulating innate and adaptive immunity, function as pattern recognition receptors, and as cell adhesion molecules. Recent evidence has demonstrated that DC-SIGN is involved in the pathophysiological of chronic inflammation, so DC-SIGN has been linked to several autoimmune and may play an essential indicator in the pathogenesis and progression of RA. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the serum level of DC-SIGN in RA patients, as well as the level of DC-SIGN based on demographic characteristics. Fifty Iraqi RA patients were enrolled in the study, and a control sample of 38 healthy individuals (ascertain by laboratory and clinical tests) were included and matched by gender, age, and ethnicity with the patients. The DC-SIGN concentration was calculated in the patients’ serum and compared to control using the ELISA assay and the results revealed significantly increased serum level of DC-SIGN (12.047 ± 1.114 vs. 6.863 ± 0.806 ng/ml) was recorded in RA patients compared to controls. When correlating results, it was shown that the concentration of DC-SIGN in the serum did not record a significant difference between gender and age, as well as the blood groups. To determine the impact of the therapeutic status in RA patients on the DC-SIGN level, it was found that the concentration of DC-SIGN level was higher in untreated patients compared to treated patients. Regarding viral infection, when an investigation was conducted in RA patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, the serum level of DC-SIGN in RA patients with COVID-19 showed no change in concentrations compared to uninfected RA patients.
Barium–doped TiO2 / n-Si photodetector was fabricated by spray pyrolysis exhibited visible enhancement responsivity profile with peak response at 600 nm flat response between 650 and 900 nm. The quantum efficiency was 30% and specific detectivity was 5x1012 W-1Hz1/2cm at peak response. The GaAlAs laser diode was used to estimate the rise time of the detector.
Malaysia is linked to the countries of the Middle East by a historical relationship identified by a number of factors and determinants that affected the developments of that relationship, especially its relentless endeavor to preserve its Islamic identity with the leadership of the rest of the other ethnicities, in addition to those factors and international determinants that directly affected the typicality of this relationship and perhaps the United States stands At the forefront of who represents this international variable, as it is considered the Middle East region as a core region and within its vital field, and therefore any analog relationship in the field of international relations and one of its parties is the countries of the
... Show MoreThis study attempts to highlights on the evaluation of performance efficiency for Investments in both National & Iraqi Insurance companies for the years 2001-2010 and their importance on those companies and the economy of the country in order to find out the investment areas and to compare between investment activity and its revenues as well as to compare performance of both companies in investment field.
The study was based on annual reports and balance sheets of both companies. In many chapters, this study dealt with theoretical and practical aspects of the investments and its revenues. Key hypothesis was based on this study, including four parts of Sub hypotheses about (statistical effective relationship between the
... Show MoreAn experimental investigation of the variation of argon discharge current with a glow and afterglow time intervals of a square discharge voltage was carried out at low pressure (6-11 mbar). The discharge was created between two circular metal electrodes of diameter (7.5 cm), separated horizontally by a distance (10 cm) at the two ends of a Pyrex cylindrical tube. A composite of two Gaussian functions has been suggested to fit and explain the variation graphs clearly. It is shown that the necessary times of glow and afterglow needed to attain a maximum discharge current are (70 us) and (60 us), respectively. The discharge current is observed to drop to the lowest value when the two times are serially longer than (85 us) and (72 u
... Show Moreتستخدم تقنيات التصنيفِ ًبصورة واسعة جدا في كثير من المجالات التطبيقية. ولاسيما في المجالات الاقتصادية والتحليلات المالية كما في عِلْمِ تحليل الزبونِ التنبؤيِpredictive customer analytics ، الذي يتضمن ذلك الإمتلاكِ، المقايضة، إحتكار وإحراز الإئتمانِ والجباياتِ. إنّ هدفَ أيّ نموذج تصنيفِ هو أَنْ يُصنّفَ َ المشاهدات في مجموعتين أَو أكثرِ للوصول الى التنبؤ بنتيجةً ترتبط بكُلّ مشاهدة ومثا
... Show MoreFinancial institutions, including banks, remain a major target for money launderers in order to transfer illegal funds to legitimate funds through limited internal audit procedures and external auditing.
The study is a study of the operations of money laundering and what can be done by the verification efforts when integrated in the fight against them, by analyzing the level of cooperative relationship and communication between them. To achieve the objectives of the study, a questionnaire prepared for this purpose was distributed to an appropriate sample of (60) auditors of the internal audit staff of the Central Bank of Iraq and the external auditors working in the Federal control foundation Accordingly , appropriate methods wer
... Show MoreWives generally and working wives especially may encounter in some
families forms of physical or psychological violence through all the
levels or whether it was a psychological intimidation or cursing and
insolence and detracting her human . value and the husband marries
another woman or uses physical abuse against her and beating and
sexual abuse of the wife are also included in this from . it is noticed that
the violent attitude of the husband may take one from or it may change
and alter with time for it might lead to the increase of the possibility of
violence to occur in different ways
The importance of this study comes out from the step that on which in
folds the problem of the use of the husband of vio
مشكلة البحث:
يبقى الفن ولا زال في جميع حالات التعاقب البشري ومراحل التطور الانساني الاكثر انطلاقة وتميزاً في التعبير عن واقع الانسان وعن مشاعره وانفعالاته وافكاره ذات الصلة بتأثيرات البيئة المحيطة به.
والفن ولاسيما (الرسم) يمثل وسيلة من وسائل التعبير الفني بل يكاد يكون الرسم وسيلة الانسان الاولى التي عبر فيها بخطوط مرئية عن مجالات حياته وعلاقته بالبيئة التي عاش فيها، ويقينا
... Show MoreContemporary art has been widely affected by technology, and ceramics production is no exception. As an ancient art that originates from clay and other humble materials found in the ground, ceramics is considered one of the most adaptable art forms. Once it is realised how flexible ceramics as a material is, it can be easily altered into endless forms and shapes. Therefore, it is vital for ceramics practitioners to find a relationship between this wonderful material and the media of contemporary art, culture and modelling software or technology in general so that they can take their deformable art pieces to a whole new level. Such a relationship is worth investigating. Thus, for the purposes of this research, several ceramic pieces were
... Show More