Malaysia will be an ageing population by 2030 as the number of those aged 60 years and above has increased drastically from 6.2 percent in 2000 and is expected to reach 13.6 percent by 2030. There are many challenges that will be faced due to the ageing population, one of which is the increasing cost of pensions in the future. In view of that, it is necessary to investigate the effect of actuarial assumptions on pension liabilities under the perspective of ageing. To estimate the pension liabilities, the Projected Unit Credit method is used in the study and commutation functions are employed in the process. Demographic risk and salary risk have been identified as major risks in analyzing pension liabilities in this study. The sensitivity analyses will be conducted in the study to investigate how the pension liabilities will be affected when these major risks changes. This study analyzes nine scenarios under assumptions in the actuarial model, namely age of retirement, rate of mortality and rate of salary growth. The result of this study indicates that the implied mortality experience and salary growth rate assumptions have a significant impact on pension liabilities.
Islamic civilization derived its religious law from Quran and sunnah which took care of human as a benefit person in life and how it treat with it , and because the civilization takes care of human , it would take also in his health , manners ,body and this is the aim of Islamic civilization ,all religious emphasize on Islamic laws and on helping poor people or weakness one.
English ابحث عن مقالات و مجلات ... تحليل علاقة ثقافة المنظمة بلازمة من منظور الفردبة - الجماعية أ.د زكـريا مطلك الدوري، أ.د سـعـد علي العـنزي، أ. يعرب عدنان السعيدي مجلة كلية بغداد للعلوم الاقتصادية الجامعة 2009, المجلد 2, العدد 20, الصفحات 107-122 الخلاصة تتعدد وجهات النظر بشأن الاسباب والمعالجات الممكنة للازمات، وان هذا الاختلاف يرجع بالاصل إلى تنوع المداخل التي يعتمد عليها الباحثين في تناول الظاهرة أو الموضوع. وضمن هذا
... Show Moreشهدت معظم المدن السومرية أزدهاراً أقتصادياً خلال عصر أور الثالثة ،أنعكس ذلك من خلال النصوص المسمارية المكتشفة ذات المضامين الاقتصادية المتنوعة ومنها (وصولات تسلم Bullae) التي تميزت بعصر أور الثالثة بأشكالها المتعددة ومنها: الكروية والمربعة والمستطيلة والمثلثة والمضلعة ومعظمها يحتوي على طبعات أختام فضلاً عن أنها تكون مثقوبة طولياً لغرض التعليق.
The useful of remote sensing techniques in Environmental Engineering and another science is to save time, Coast and efforts, also to collect more accurate information under monitoring mechanism. In this research a number of statistical models were used for determining the best relationships between each water quality parameter and the mean reflectance values generated for different channels of radiometer operate simulated to the thematic Mappar satellite image. Among these models are the regression models which enable us to as certain and utilize a relation between a variable of interest. Called a dependent variable; and one or more independent variables
The university professor is the main theme in the educational process, then we must have prepared attention and study, it is the upper hand in achieving the objectives of education and a factor of development of society and its development factors that set it up and increase the efficiency of the duties of universities and development centers and through that evaluation is essential process and Zerorah to improve his performance, especially if they're the evaluation process from the standpoint of their students
research goals
The current research aims to identify:
1. identify the effectiveness of teaching the University of Tikrit from the standpoint of their students
2. to identify the differences in
This paper deals with defining Burr-XII, and how to obtain its p.d.f., and CDF, since this distribution is one of failure distribution which is compound distribution from two failure models which are Gamma model and weibull model. Some equipment may have many important parts and the probability distributions representing which may be of different types, so found that Burr by its different compound formulas is the best model to be studied, and estimated its parameter to compute the mean time to failure rate. Here Burr-XII rather than other models is consider because it is used to model a wide variety of phenomena including crop prices, household income, option market price distributions, risk and travel time. It has two shape-parame
... Show MoreThe using of the parametric models and the subsequent estimation methods require the presence of many of the primary conditions to be met by those models to represent the population under study adequately, these prompting researchers to search for more flexible parametric models and these models were nonparametric, many researchers, are interested in the study of the function of permanence and its estimation methods, one of these non-parametric methods.
For work of purpose statistical inference parameters around the statistical distribution for life times which censored data , on the experimental section of this thesis has been the comparison of non-parametric methods of permanence function, the existence
... Show Moreعلى الرغم من تحقق ثورة هائلة وطفرة نوعية في مجال تكنلوجيا الاتصالات في دول العالم الا ان بلدنا كان محروما من التمتع بهذه التقنيات الحديثة في ظل النظام السابق, وبعد سقوط النظام ووجود بحبوحة من الحرية، دخلت الكثير من هذه التقنيات الى العراق ومنها الموبايل والانترنيت وغيرها من وسائل الاتصال المتطورة.
ويقول (Smith & Fletcher, 2001) في كتابهما Inside Information
... Show MoreA new generalizations of coretractable modules are introduced where a module is called t-essentially (weakly t-essentially) coretractable if for all proper submodule of , there exists f End( ), f( )=0 and Imf tes (Im f + tes ). Some basic properties are studied and many relationships between these classes and other related one are presented.