Malaysia will be an ageing population by 2030 as the number of those aged 60 years and above has increased drastically from 6.2 percent in 2000 and is expected to reach 13.6 percent by 2030. There are many challenges that will be faced due to the ageing population, one of which is the increasing cost of pensions in the future. In view of that, it is necessary to investigate the effect of actuarial assumptions on pension liabilities under the perspective of ageing. To estimate the pension liabilities, the Projected Unit Credit method is used in the study and commutation functions are employed in the process. Demographic risk and salary risk have been identified as major risks in analyzing pension liabilities in this study. The sensitivity analyses will be conducted in the study to investigate how the pension liabilities will be affected when these major risks changes. This study analyzes nine scenarios under assumptions in the actuarial model, namely age of retirement, rate of mortality and rate of salary growth. The result of this study indicates that the implied mortality experience and salary growth rate assumptions have a significant impact on pension liabilities.
Covariance technique represents a design to bring out the decorative components And organized in unfamiliar a manner Turn to custom patterned to make a qualitative difference in the pattern of the general composition of the implicit overall,question research problem emerges Based on the above, (Is the aesthetic values of the property heterogeneities in Islamic architecture configurations decorations?). Detect it through the knowledge of the species and decorative components containing heterogeneities And his methods within each of Iraq and Iran and theoretical framework try to monitor the opinions and threads aesthetic perception in the Islamic and Construction decorative art formations in Islamic architecture and features of heterogenei
... Show MoreThe aim of this research is to identify the level of health services provided in the health centers operating in the family medicine system in Baghdad, and to determine the extent to which these health centers are applied to the internationally recognized standards , "Defining the quality of service gap between health care centers operating in the family medicine system and the standards adopted by the corresponding international centers (Al-Shabab Model Family Medicine Center, Al-Jahad Family Health Center, Al-Adhamiya Family Health Center, Al-Zawiya Family Health Center), and in view of what our health institutions are facing. The family of primary health care centers has difficulties, obstacles and challenges such as the diffi
... Show MoreDifferent cooking conditions were examined for aluminum content in food cooked while wrapped with aluminum foil. The influence of each anticipated factor (the acidity of the cooking medium, type of acids normally used in cuisines namely acetic and tartaric acids, various cooking temperatures, influence of the presence of sodium chloride salt, the effect of cooking oil, and the length of time of cooking) was studied thoroughly as a function of aluminum degraded out of the aluminum foils to the medium. The experimental samples were digested with nitric acid upon fulfillment of examining each factor separately before quantifying aluminum with the sensitive technique of atomic absorption spectroscopy. The outcomes of the study have shown that t
... Show MoreThis study is intended to examine the concept of transcultural identity in the travel book The Global Soul: Jet Lag, Shopping Malls, and the Search for Home by (Iyer, 2001). Jeffries’ model of critical stylistics (2010) (henceforth, CS) has been selected to analyze the book. To be more specific, Negation is selected to analyze the concept under study. As such, the study aims at finding out how Negation is used to portray ideological meanings representing the concept of transcultural identity in one non-fictional travel book; and finding out the ideologies related to the concept analyzed. The analysis of the data shows that Negation is a suitable analytical tool to reach the ideational meaning of the text towards the concept of tra
... Show MoreThin films of ZnSe arc deposited on glass substrates by thermal evaporation in vacuum with different thickness (1000, 2700, 4000) A° temperature (293-373) °K are studies the electrical properties before and after annealing. The result show decrease D.0 conductivity and increasing the activation energy Eat.
The objective of this article is to study the impact of environmental pollution on air, water, and soil quality with a focus on the role of environmental bacteria in bioremediation of pollutants. The research also addresses the ability of some strains of bacteria to remove heavy metals and petroleum hydrocarbons and degrade toxic substances, resulting in improved environmental quality. Outcomes: Empirical studies reveal that environmental pollution leads to significant health and environmental problems, such as a rise in respiratory disease as a result of air pollution, water pollution that affects aquatic life, and soil pollution that decreases crop output. Other bacterial strains such as Pseudomonas, Bacillus, and Streptomyces have also b
... Show MoreThis study conducts a systematic comparative critical discourse analysis of news reports from prominent American (CNN) and Russian (RT) media sources covering the Russia-Ukraine conflict. Utilizing the theoretical frameworks of Norman Fairclough's multidimensional model and Teun van Dijk's socio-cognitive approach, the research examines the underlying ideological assumptions and discursive strategies employed by the two contrasting news channels. Quantitative analysis of discursive techniques and linguistic features provides insights into how each channel selectively utilizes language to convey distinct ideological positions. The findings demonstrate how media discourse constructs and normalizes particular ideological representations of pol
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