The common history of Latin America countries may contribute significantly to determine the initial beginnings of these States since the current borders are a reflection and drawing of the borders of Antarctica according to the divisions determined by the behavior of the Portuguese and Spanish colonialism as well as what the Pope originally called for in order to divide property between Spain and Portugal. A later change took place especially after the independence in the first quarter of the 19th century for the majority of those States which is something that imposed special consideration in the analysis and description of each of these States. There are constants and variables in this case where all the States share constants, while t

Leishmaniasis is a group of parasitic diseases caused by Leishmania spp., an endemic infectious agent in developing countries, including Iraq. Diagnosis of cutaneous lesion by stained smears, serology or histopathology are inaccurate and unable to detect the species of Leishmania. Here, two molecular typing methods were examined to identify the promastigotes of suspected cutaneous leishmaniasis samples, on a species level. The first was species-specific B6-PCR and the second was ITS1-PCR followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) using restriction enzyme HaeIII. DNA was extracted from in vitro promastigote culture followed by amplification of kDNA by B6 or amplification and digestion of LITSR/L

The electronic payment systems are considered the most important infrastructure for the work of banks, particularly after a steady and remarkable development in information and communication technology, Which created the reality of the work of the infrastructure for these systems and these systems also become one of the most important components of infrastructure for the work of banks, cause it is one of the most important channels through which the transfer of cash, financial instruments between financial institutions in general and banking in particular.

     In order to achieve the objectives of the research, the most important to identify the concept of electronic payment systems, and its divisions, and th

Wireless communications are characterized by their fastest growth in history, as they used ever-evolving and renewed technologies, which have allowed them to spread widely. Every day, communication technology introduces a new invention with features that differ from its predecessor. Bell Laboratories first suggested mobile wireless communication services to the general population in the late 1940s. Still, it wasn't easy at that time to use on a large scale due to its high costs. This paper aims to describe the state of cellular mobile networks; by comparing the sources of electromagnetic pollution caused by these networks, measure the level of power density in some residential areas, and compare them with international standards adopted in

Abstract:

                 The research aims to improve the insurance service through the marketing commission as a tool that enables the insurance companies to achieve a competitive advantage. The researcher, by observing the challenges faced by insurance companies, insurance agents and brokers, raised the main question of the research: Is there an effect of the marketing commission on the competitive advantage of insurance companies? The data was obtained through the financial statements and annual reports of the research sample companies (the National General Insurance Company, the Iraqi General Insurance Company, Al-Hamra Private

The Audit evedances represent the reconciliation tools between the Financial data shown on financial statements, and the level of satisfaction level of the Auditor about these statements. According that, the Auditor try to achieve the highest quantity of These evidances, and the most satisfactive of it…, but that will be so hard sometimes, when the internal controlling system is not good, and when the Auditor had some satisfied evidences, but not sharp… So, this research comes to inspect the relation between the quantity, and the level of satisfaction, and argument to prove that evidences gives. This research assumes that getting enough evidences leads to reduce faults, improves the auditing operation, and avoids risks. The research

The aim of this study is to highlight the relationship between competitive intelligence and Entrepreneurial Performance by centralizing the strategic vigilance of a sample of civil faculties in Baghdad. The sample of the study was targeted at 10 Iraqi civil colleges, which consisted of (133) members of the faculty council of the faculties, the search data was collected using the questionnaire form as the main research tool. The results showed that the correlation and influence of competitive intelligence and strategic vigilance in the Entrepreneurial Performance, as well as the role of strategic vigilance as an intermediate variable between competitive intelligence and Entrepreneurial Performance.

This research deals with the color bias and its effect on maids in Mississippi in Kathryn Stockett''s (2003) The Help. The ill-treatment and negligence of Afro-American maids received from the white women who employed them in Mississippi that must have affected directly or indirectly on their personality and may eventually lead to suffering. They live in an atmosphere of struggle to free themselves from the complicated relationships between black and white. Afro-American maids pledged to liberate themselves from social oppression by protesting through writing a book which chronicles their stories in slave masters’ homes to make their presence felt as human being equal to their white masters.

In the current work various types of epoxy composites were added to concrete to enhance its effectiveness as a gamma- ray shield. Four epoxy samples of (E/clay/B4C) S1, (E/Mag/B4C) S2, (EPIL) S3 and (Ep) S4 were used in a comparative study of gamma radiation attenuation properties of these shields that calculating using Mont Carlo code (MCNP-5). Adopting Win X-com software and Artificial Neural Network (ANN), µ/ρ revealed great compliance with MCNP-5. By applying (µ/ρ) output for gamma at different energies, HVL, TVL and MFP have been also estimated. ANN technique was simulated to estimate (µ/ρ) and dose rates. According to the results, µ/ρ of all epoxy samples scored higher than standard concrete. Both S2 and S3 samples having h

Objective: Assess type 2 diabetic patients’ knowledge regarding preventive measures of diabetic foot. Find out the relationship between of type 2 diabetic patients’ knowledge regarding preventive measures of diabetic foot with certain sociodemographic characteristics

Methodology: A descriptive study was carried out from (2^nd January 2022 to 26^th March 2022).  A non –probability (purposive) sample of (60) adult patients who are diagnosed with type2 diabetes mellitus these patients have met the study criteria which was selected from Imam AL-Hussein Medical-City. The study instrument consist of two section: (Demographic Information Sheet, and Foot Care Outcome Expectation