There are many studies regarding the topic of ‘leadership’ in modern era, especially the studies of the west and the Muslims who followed them in our Arab countries. These studies rely on the modern western theories, they deal with topics like the difference between administration and leadership

The revolution of technology in the 21st century has changed radically the
climate of opinion concerning second language education. In order to excel in
today’s world, teachers and learners need to adopt new roles and be equipped with
new skills and competencies that go beyond the basic ones of listening, speaking,
reading, and writing; skills that cannot be gained if teachers teach mere academic
subjects, and students are evaluated on how well they have learnt the minute sub
skills in those content areas.
This session will touch upon several skills which may be considered the
new basics of the 21st century. Among these skills are: autonomy, active learning,
critical thinking, cooperative learning, and digita

The islamic caliphate was against the Aarab who became Muslims and
stayed in their desert and their companies didn’t share with the Muslims to
spread Islam by Al-Jihad. The Quran attacked them in many verses except
the Aarab who accepted when the prophet called them for Al-Jihad.
The Aarab in the ummayad period were in three categories :
1. The aarab who lived in the desert ,the islamic society was very revenge
towards them. The caliphate did not gave them Al-Ataa so they were in
bad situation
2. Those who lived in the country side . they were very trouble to the
trade.
3. The third lived in the cities and worked in the trade, Dawawin and in the
administration.
The Aarab of cities some of them associ

جاء تقسيم البحث على ثلاثة مباحث رئيسة يسبقها تمهيد وتعقبها خاتمة ، وتناول المبحث الواحد مطالب متسلسلة بالأرقام ، ثم قائمة بمصادر البحث ومراجعه. تناول التمهيد نظرة تاريخية للأعيان عند الأقوام ، ولاسيما عند العرب في الجاهلية، وتعريف المصطلحات التي تشكل عنوان البحث تناول المبحث الأول ، وعنوانه (الأعيان في الديانة اليهودية) ، عدد تلك الأعياد، شرح الأسباب الموجبة لكل عيد ، وتاريخ الاحتفال به وأسلوبه؛ وغير ذلك مم

          This study is concerned with providing an objective, artistic study of the role of women in the pre-Islamic era, and extracting that status from the most important sources that express the language of that era, which is pre-Islamic poetry. The role of women in contemporary societies, the study sought to clarify those goals from a technical and objective point of view, which contributed to the main purpose of the study, which is the status of women in pre-Islamic poetry. The role of women in pre-Islamic society, and how to describe them in rhetorical sentences in poetry. The study was based on the descriptive analytical approach, which is represented by the use of content analysis, wh

The civil war in Seralion is considered as complex model of internal
conflicts in Africa because link to crises have relation to political, economical ,
social and cultural conditions, which were infected by disability and paralysis
in function performance, and what have effect on Seralion's relation
internationally or regionally.
In this research discussed three parts, the first is the factors of rise civil
war in Seralion , the second indicated the effected determiners in civil war in
Seralion , the third shown the factors of put end to civil war in Seralion .
The research concluded to significant reality that civil war in Seralion had
strategic effects on regional or international relations .

El Lázarillo señala a fines del reinado del emperador, el comienzo de un
nuevo género en la literatura castellana. A través de sus páginas nos adentró en un
mundo de pobreza, de
hambre secular, de hipocresía, y rodeado de problemas.
Lázaro cuenta en primera persona sus aventuras comenzando por su nacimiento, en
una aceña de las riberas del río Tormes. Condenando su padre como ladrón y, su
madre se entrega al mas vil morisco - cuya conducta deja también que desea –
haber pasado hambre y le entrega, siendo todavía un niño, a un ciego de alma ruin
para que, acompañándole, se gana la vida. Para aplacar el hambre, pues el ciego le
daba poco de comer, el muchacho le hace objeto, de repetidas tretas.

The theme of the individual in Islamic Economics is one of the important topics to demonstrate an established fact , that the Islamic economy may discriminate in granting individual full rights , which guarantees a safe living reassuring

It is not necessary to that any speakers can speak more than a language but the are coming from many origins to concern linguistics search that had  began with an introduction and explanation  to them that the language is still as words  dictionaries on it (a tool for the transfer of ideas). It is basically a tool of the movement. The meaning

دراسة أصول البحث العلمي ومناهجه وتطبيقاته في العلوم الإنسانية