Photonic Crystal Fiber Interferometers (PCFIs) are widely used for sensing applications. This work presents the fabrication and the characterization of a relative humidity sensor based on a polymer-coated photonic crystal fiber that operates in a Mach- Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) transmission mode. The fabrication of the sensor involved splicing a short (1 cm) length of Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) between two single-mode fibers (SMF). It was then coated with a layer of agarose solution. Experimental results showed that a high humidity sensitivity of 29.37 pm/%RH was achieved within a measurement range of 27–95%RH. The sensor also showed good repeatability, small size, measurement accuracy and wide humidity range. The RH sensitivity o

Nathaniel Hawthorne is famous for his psychological and moral themes. He is also famous for using symbolism in presenting his poignant themes of sin and its consequences. This research paper studies the use of symbols in Hawthorne's The House of Seven gables as an example of his general use of symbolism in his novels. The general pattern of Hawthorne's symbolism is that he presents one major symbol that embodies the main idea, and supports it with a number of minor symbols that develop and elucidate it. In The House of the Seven Gables, the major symbol is the house itself, which stands for corruption, evil, and the injustice of the past. This symbol is supported by such secondary symbols as the heart, the fountain, the

     The aim of the research is to determine the impact of the Iraqi public budget on IPSASs by conducting the questionnaire; the research was based on the hypothesis that "there is an impact of the adoption of the International Accounting Standards in the general budget of Iraq”. The research concluded that the government accounting system closely interferes with the general budget at all stages. The shifting towards the accrual basis is the first element of the reform package towards reaching the reform of the state budget. Without reforming government accounting, it is almost impossible to develop the budget. IPSASs are a recognized reference to the assessment and development of governmen

 It is no doubt that dialogue is a behavior for human communication. It varies according to the place and occasion that requires it. Dialogues are of two types: positive purposeful and negative non-purposeful. The study aims to shed light on those patterns of dialogues contained in the Quranic stories represented by the characters and events participating in that dialogue activity. To expand the circle of social relations, and in order to make these relationships a success, there are several rules that must be adhered to.For instance, the dialogue should  not be tolerant to a personal opinion, or prolonged, or should not deviate from its text. The expression of polite dialogue has been raised in recognition of these dialogue et

Generation of new clones of multidrug resistant infectious foci of environmental, zoonotic and reverse zoonotic Enterococcus faecalis & faecium strains from cases of mastitis in cows privileged in Baghdad ecosystem reveal unsafe tricks. Medically important plants Blackcurrant, London Plane and Pine Buds are widely used for resolving these public health threats and hazards as powerful antimicrobial preparations. Totally sixty pooled milk samples were collected from apparently healthy (30 units) and infected (30 units) Cows from different regions of Abu-Ghraib during March until July (2019). Integrated units were checked by California mastitis test and a designed scheme was dependent for recovery of pathogenic Enterococci. Gram staining and c

There have been many advances in the solar chimney power plant  since 1930 and the first pilot work was built in Spain (Manzanares) that produced 50 KW. The solar chimney power plant is considered of a clean power generation that needs to be investigated  to enhance the performance by studying the effect of changing the area of passage of air to enhance the velocity towards the chimney to maximize design velocity. In this experimental and numerical study, the reduction area of solar collector was investigated. The reduction area that mean changing the height of glass cover from the absorbing plate (h1=3.8cm, h2=2.6cm and h3=1.28cm). The numerical study was performed using ANSYS Fluent software package (version 14.0) to solve go

Thirty five samples were collected from patients (1-30) years old, suffered from, infected skin , rushes, boils , oral thrush, anal & vaginal itches.  Candida albicans 57.3% (20 isolates) and Candida tropicalis 22.5% (8 isolates) Aspergillus  fumegatus 11.5% (4 isolates)   Aspergillus nigar 8.7%(3 isolates) , were isolated & identified from these samples.  Alcoholic & water hot extracts of the punica granatum (Pomegranate) peels as well as the dried powder were prepared.  The anti-fungal activity of the extracts was evaluated by means of the agar-well diffusion assay. The extract exhibited potent activity against yeast. The Minimum inhibitory concentra

Lactobacillus Plantarum and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG were encapsulated using 3% of alginate via extrusion technique. And the probiotics capsules produced were further coated used 1% chitosan to increase the survival of probiotics, and evaluation of The heat resistance of the slow pasteurization and fast pasteurization for Lb,pla and Lb.GG for control and bacteria coated one layer and bacteria coated two layer at 63°C/ 30 minutes and 72°C/ 15 seconds. The results indicate that the Probiotic coated two layer are more resistant to pasteurization temperatures at 63°C/ 30 minutes and 72°C/ 15 seconds than the Probiotic coated one layer. While the results of the control follow a significant reduction for viability of cell toward pasteuri

Background: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the effect of preheating microleakage among three different filler size composites which include Filtek^tm Z250 micro hybrid, Z250^xt Nano hybrid and nanocomposite Z350^xt.  in Class II cavity preparation .

Materials and methods: sixty maxillary first premolars were prepared with class II cavities. Samples were divided into three groups according to material used    group A (FiltekZ250 micro hybrid). Group B(Z250^xt Nano hybrid). Group C (nanocomposite Z350^xt)and each group divided into two subgroups of ten teeth according to temperature of  composite: