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Ghrelin and Leptin and Their Relations with Insulin Resistance in Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients
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Ghrelin and leptin are hunger hormones related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and the pathogenesis of T2DM is the abnormality in insulin secretion and insulin resistance (IR). The aim of this study is to evaluate ghrelin and leptin concentrations in blood and to specify the relationship of these hormones as dependent variables with some biochemical and clinical measurements in T2DM patients. In this study, forty one T2DM and forty three non-diabetes mellitus (non-DM) subjects, aged between 40-60 years and with normal weight, were enrolled. Fasting serum ghrelin and leptin were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In our results ghrelin was significantly increased, and leptin was significantly decreased, in T2DM patients compared with non-DM subjects. Ghrelin was positively correlated with the fasting blood glucose (FBG) and IR, but inversely related to the insulin sensitivity (IS). Leptin was negatively correlated with mean arterial pressure (MAP), FBG, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), IR, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, nitric oxide (NO), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), as well as showed a linear correlation with IS and a strong dependence on sex. The area under the curve (AUC) value shows ghrelin and leptin as biomarkers for T2DM. In conclusion ghrelin and leptin hormones have predictive ability to predict T2DM, as they are significantly associated with IR, IS, free radicals, and lipid profile.

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 01 2017
Journal Name
Agriculture (pol'nohospodárstvo)
Molecular detection of ‘<i>Candidatus</i> Phytoplasma australasia’ and ‘<i>Ca.</i> P. cynodontis’ in Iraq
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Abstract<p>The association of phytoplasma was investigated in symptomatic tomato (<italic>Solanum lycopersicum</italic> L.), eggplant (<italic>Solanum melongen</italic> L.), mallow (<italic>Malva</italic> spp.) and Bermuda grass (<italic>Cynodon dactylon</italic> L.) plants exhibiting witches’ broom and white leaf diseases, respectively. Total DNA was extracted from tomato (n=3), eggplant (n=2), mallow (n=2) and Bermuda grass (n=8) samples. Direct polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed using P1/P7 primer set, then PCR products were sequenced. Sequences obtained from tomato, eggplant and mallow shared 99% maximum nucleotide identity with phytoplasm</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Advances In Animal And Veterinary Sciences
Community Composition of Parasitic Nematodes of Cyprinion Macrostomum from North and Mid West Regions In Iraq
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Publication Date
Wed Oct 17 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Comparison Between the Methods Estimate Nonparametric and Semiparametric Transfer Function Model in Time Series Using Simulation
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Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2014
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Study of growth curve and morphological change for Trichomonas vaginalis parasite in the tow culture media
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The objective of this study was shed light for cultivation and maintenance of Trichomonas vaginalis parasite growth after isolated it by vaginal swaps from females suffering vaginitis and abnormal vaginal discharges in these media CPLM and TAB media to detect growth curve, morphological changes and viability of parasite in the two culture media, together with effect of sheep and bovine serum on the growth of it. The results of this studies were showed there was abtaine differences between the two types of media , The maximum growth of parasite was in TAB medium after 72 hours incubation with use of bovine serum, while such growth was maximized after 144 hours incubation with the use of sheep serum. In CPLM medium, a maximum gro

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 02 2019
Journal Name
International Journal Of Multidisciplinary And Current Research
The security problem in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries Study on internal challenges and future prospects
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The importance of our research is that it examines the causes and sources of the security challenges in the internal security environment of the GCC countries, and aims to address the most important issues that are of great interest, namely, the issue of inter-GCC differences and addressing the issues of regional security for the Gulf region, After it is one of the most dynamic and more polarized areas for the emergence of threats and challenges because of the multiplicity of sources of threat and their complexity due to the specificity of the strategic environment and the negative repercussions it can have on the Gulf region, especially the issue of regional security of the Gulf Cooperation Council Which has become a magnet for competing i

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Publication Date
Sat Sep 30 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
2D and 3D Modeling of Rock Mechanical Properties of Khasib Formation in East Baghdad Oil Field
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Knowing the distribution of the mechanical rock properties and the far field stresses for the field of interest is an important task for many applications concerning reservoir geomechanics, including wellbore instability analysis, hydraulic fracturing, sand production, reservoir compaction, and subsidence. A major challenge with determining the rock's mechanical properties is that they cannot be directly measured at the borehole. Furthermore, the recovered carbonate core samples for performing measurements are limited and they provide discrete data for specific depths.

   The purpose of this study is to build 2D and 3D geomechanical models of the Khasib reservoir in the East Baghdad oil field/ Central area. TECHLOG.2015.3 softwa

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2006
Journal Name
Ipmj-iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal
Elucidation of a role for the aqueous extract of borage in mammary gland growth and development
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Herbal remedies are used in induction of lactation. In view of that .Borage Officinalis was employed to ensure an abundant milk supply or rectify milk insufficiency .However, this remedy has not been scientifically tested .The animals were treated with the aqueous extract of Borage Officinalis flowers at a daily concentration of 100 mg / kg body weight /ml for each rat through Oro-gastric tube for 14 days. Animals were subdivided into subgroups according to their physiological status. Mammary glands of these animals were processed for histological, histochemical and immunohistochemical studies. Parameters indicated that the aqueous extract of Borage Officinalis flowers induced lactogenesis in the mammmary glands of virgin and pregnant rats

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 07 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Problems lead to the low level of academic achievement in the evening school: suggestions and solutions
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Academic achievement is a professional standard for measuring student levels in the first stages. Therefore, any indication of the level of achievement makes us in an attempt to employ students in evening schools. The researcher has developed a closed questionnaire of (36) paragraphs. A total of (164) male and (24) female students were chosen from evening schools. The result of this research revealed that the number of students was a reason for the low level of their achievement, the lack of laboratories, educational methods, and techniques of the most prominent problems confirmed by students in these schools. In addition, to support educational institutions with their necessary needs. The most important conclusion in this research is th

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2007
Journal Name
Journal Of Al-nahrain University
STUDY FOR THE GROWTH RATE, VIABILITY AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF LEISHMANIA TROPICA IN DIFFERENT CULTURE MEDIA
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This study included the estimation of growth rate, viability and morphological changes in different culture media (NNN, P-Y, RPMI- 1640, and Panmed). Promastigotes cultured in RPMI-1640 showed maximal growth rate after (2, 4, 6) days of cultivation (27.26 ± 0.05), (172.20 ± 0.1) and (343.81 ± 1.48) million parasites / ml for each day respectively, while P-Y media gave the highest mean of growth rat after (8 and 10) days of cultivation (307.16 ± 1.67) and (303.5 ± 4.96) million parasites / ml for each day respectively. P-Y medium showed the maximal percentage of viability after (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10) days of cultivation (99.76 ± 0.5) %, (98.30 ± 0.17) %, (96.1 ± 0.1) %, (92.5 ± 0.52) % and (87.26 ± 0.05) % for each day respectively.

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 06 2015
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The age-specific fecundity life tables of Planococcus citri Risso and important predators attack in Baghdad
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Reproduction potential and age –specific fecundity of the Mealybug Planococcus citri Risso were studied in the laboratories of Biological control research unit,college of Agriculture –Baghdad university at 25± 2Cº and 60-70% R.H.with 16 light:8 dark photo period.The results showed that the survival ratio began to decline at the 38th day, the average female age was 20 days ,while the average age was 8 days at the first reproduction . Net reproduction rate ( Ro ) was 58.59 female female generation which prove that the population of the mealybug was of the unstable kind , intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was 0.118 femalefemale and the average length period of generation ( T ) was 34.30 days . Many local predators attack the mealybug

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