Aqueous extract of poppy plant) Papaver nudicaule) with five concentrations (50, 100, 150, 200 and 250) mg/l were used to anesthetize fingerlings of the common carp Cyprinus carpio (Mean total length 8.91 ± 0.31 cm and mean total weight 7.72 ± 1.19 gm) instead of the traditional use of MS-222. Results showed that extracted solution of poppy have partial and overall anesthesia effect on these fishes with inverse relationship between the concentrations used and the time needed to reach partial and overall anesthesia, and also direct relationship between concentrations used and time needed for fish recovery. Best results were obtained by using a concentration of 250 mg/l, where time for partial anesthesia was 8 ± 1.52 min., time for overall anesthesia was 10 ± 1.70 min., time needed for partial recovery was 25 ± 2.43 min. and time needed for overall recovery was 35 ± 2.23 min. Fish behavior observations revealed a difference ranging from slow swimming with increasing in breathing rates movements to vertical swimming near the surface, then laying at bottom and too much decrease in breathing rates movements. Results appeared that there were no significant differences (p≥0.01) between glucose concentration in fish blood plasma after recovery and control fishes. So it was concluded that these. The results showed also that there were no significant differences (p≥0.01) in ALP, AST, ALT, LDH and CK among fishes after recovery comparing with the control fishes. Experimental fishes exhibited no stress during anesthesia by using poppy extracted solution. This indicated that the treated fishes exhibited no physiological effects stress which might lead to poor health condition later. The study demonstrated that poppy can be used as an effective anesthetic, as we obtained acceptable induction and recovery times. The poppy can be recommended as suitable anesthetics for fishes (200 or 250 mg/l).
ABSTRACT Background: Bracket rebonding is a common problem in orthodontics which may result in many drawbacks. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of application of two enamel protective agents “Icon†and “ProSeal†on shear bond strength before and after rebonding of stainless steel orthodontic brackets using conventional orthodontic adhesive and to assess the site of bond failure. Materials and methods: Fifty sound extracted human upper first premolar teeth were selected and randomly divided into two equal groups; the first time bonding and the rebonding groups (n=30). Each group was subdivided into control, Icon and ProSeal subgroups. The enamel protective agents were applied after etching (precondi
... Show MoreSheet piles are necessary with hydraulic structures as seepage cut-off to reduce the seepage. In this research, the computational work methodology was followed by building a numerical model using Geo-Studio program to check the efficiency of using concrete sheet piles as a cut-off or reducer for seepage with time if the sheet piles facing the drawdown technique. Al-Kifil regulator was chosen as a case study, an accurate model was built with a help of observed reading of the measuring devices, which was satisfactory and helped in checking the sheet piles efficiency. Through the study, three scenarios were adopted (with and without) drawdown technique, it was found that at the short time there's no effect of the drawdown technique on
... Show MoreThe study of sex Structure and age characteristics of an important element of the
follow-up changes between different population groups, which are connected to a large degree
the demographic, social and economic characteristics, particularly since each population
group varying characteristics in terms of age, sex entail social, demographic, cultural and
economic implications, and from that the researcher has taken from Structure of sex and age
for population in the district of Tuz Khurmatu for (1997-2012 ) the subject of consideration
and maintain compared to see the contrast between them. Qualitative Research for installation
and the age of the urban and rural areas has touched the judiciary, as well as its respects
Estimating multivariate location and scatter with both affine equivariance and positive break down has always been difficult. Awell-known estimator which satisfies both properties is the Minimum volume Ellipsoid Estimator (MVE) Computing the exact (MVE) is often not feasible, so one usually resorts to an approximate Algorithm. In the regression setup, algorithm for positive-break down estimators like Least Median of squares typically recomputed the intercept at each step, to improve the result. This approach is called intercept adjustment. In this paper we show that a similar technique, called location adjustment, Can be applied to the (MVE). For this purpose we use the Minimum Volume Ball (MVB). In order
... Show MoreThe Dagum Regression Model, introduced to address limitations in traditional econometric models, provides enhanced flexibility for analyzing data characterized by heavy tails and asymmetry, which is common in income and wealth distributions. This paper develops and applies the Dagum model, demonstrating its advantages over other distributions such as the Log-Normal and Gamma distributions. The model's parameters are estimated using Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) and the Method of Moments (MoM). A simulation study evaluates both methods' performance across various sample sizes, showing that MoM tends to offer more robust and precise estimates, particularly in small samples. These findings provide valuable insights into the ana
... Show MoreThe study of the characteristics of the heritage fabric is one of the important things in studies of conservation and rehabilitative use. There are three main elements of rehabilitation and they are considered the basis for achieving the rehabilitation process and these elements are (development, sustainability, participation) and that the first item addressed in the research is heritage and urban fabric in heritage areas where characteristics have been studied And a problem, while the second term is rehabilitation, where the concept of rehabilitation, the types and causes of the process of rehabilitation and the benefits and qualifications that affect the urban fabric that are represented (social, economic, religious and political) were
... Show MoreIn this work the diode planer magnetron sputtering device was
designed and fabricated. This device consists of two aluminum discs
(8cm) diameter and (5mm) thick. The distance between the two
electrodes is 2cm, 3cm, 4cm and 5cm.
Design and construction a double probe of tungsten wire with
(0.1mm) diameter and (1.2mm) length has been done to investigate
electron temperature, electron and ion density under different
distances between cathode and anode. The probes were situated in
the center of plasma between anode and cathode.
The results of this work show that, when the distance between
cathode and anode increased, the electron temperature decreased.
Also, the electron density increases with the increasing