Over the last few decades, many instructors have been trying all kinds of teaching methods, but without benefit. Nevertheless, in the 1986, a new technique is appeared which called K-W-L technique, it  is specified for reading comprehension passages because reading  skill is not easy matter for students for specific purposes (ESP).therefore, the K-W-L technique is a good one for thinking and experiences. To fulfill the aims and verify the hypothesis which reads as follows" it is hypothesized that there are no significant differences between the achievements of students who are taught according to K-W-L technique and those who are taught according to the traditional method

The Isolated Combustion and Diluted Expansion (ICADE) internal combustion engine cycle combines the advantages of constant volume combustion of the Otto cycle with the high compression ratio of the Diesel cycle.   This work studies the effect of isolated air mass (charge stratification) on the efficiency of the cycle; the analysis shows that the decrease of isolated air mass will increase the efficiency of the cycle and the large dilution air mass will quench all NO_x forming reactions and reduce unburned hydrocarbons. Furthermore, the effect of Fuel / Air ratio on the efficiency shows that the increase of Fuel / Air ratio will increase efficiency of the cycle.

The research aims to study Sabkha mineralogy to determine the mineral types, the nature of the precipitation, and the patterns of salt crystallization. Two Sabkhas in Abu Ghraib, west of Baghdad, were studied. It was found that the Sabkhas were formed in flat ponds from saturated solutions in a semi-arid to arid climate. Halite predominates, followed by anhydrite and gypsum as evaporite minerals. As for the minerals of the Sabkha soil, it consisted of feldspar, calcite, quartz, and dolomite, in addition to the clay minerals represented by kaolinite, illite, and chlorite. Needle forms, hopper shapes, dendritic crystals, and polygon shapes are the main crystallization patterns dominantly found in the Sabkhas. All these types of crysta

Transforming the common normal distribution through the generated Kummer Beta model to the Kummer Beta Generalized Normal Distribution (KBGND) had been achieved. Then, estimating the distribution parameters and hazard function using the MLE method, and improving these estimations by employing the genetic algorithm. Simulation is used by assuming a number of models and different sample sizes. The main finding was that the common maximum likelihood (MLE) method is the best in estimating the parameters of the Kummer Beta Generalized Normal Distribution (KBGND) compared to the common maximum likelihood according to Mean Squares Error (MSE) and Mean squares Error Integral (IMSE) criteria in estimating the hazard function. While the pr

Chronic liver disease (CLD) can potentially cause disruptions in the normal functioning of various endocrine organs responsible for producing hormones. As a result, individuals suffering from CLD may experience fluctuations or imbalances in the levels of certain hormones within their bodies. As well as they frequently have suppressed immune systems making them more vulnerable to parasite infections. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the association between Toxoplasma gondii infections and liver function by analyzing the interplay between these parasites and hormones. This study was conducted in Baghdad, Iraq from December 2021 to May 2022. One hundred and twenty male patients with Chronic liver disease (CLD) (ag

The research aims to know the influence of the intellectual capital on the internal control system in a sample of General Inspection Offices in Iraq. The research includes a sample of individuals who are working in these offices total sample (46) individuals distributed according to functional levels (General Inspector, Deputy Inspector General, and Director) , The data and information were collected by using questionnaire, which is done for this purpose, as well as personal interviews in order to reach to the results that achieve the aim of this research , Two hypotheses were formed , the first hypothesis consists of (4) secondary hypothesis , All these hypotheses were tested by using statistical tools such as (percentages, freq

            In the present study, ( Schiff's bases 6a - 6e) and  (new amids derivatives 6f - 6j) have been synthesized . The glutaroyl chloride(2) has been prepared by the reacting of glutaric acid and thionyl chloride in presence of (DMF) . The new compound bis(4-formylphenyl) glutarate (3) has been Synthesized from reaction of one mole of glutaroyl chloride and two moles of 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde . Compound 4,4'-(glutaroylbis(oxy))dibenzoic acid (4) was Synthesized from one mole of glutaroyl chloride and two moles of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, while compound bis(4-(chlorocarbonyl)phenyl) glutarate (5) was prepared from 4,4'-(glutaroylbis(oxy))dibenzoic acid and Thionyl chloride . Then Schiff's bases 6a - 6e that prepared

Abstract:
This investigation was carried out to study the nutritional adequacy for
infant milk formula, which imported by Iraqi Ministry of Trade, and are
available in local markets .Most of these formulas contained nearly the same
composition of nutrients which are ,Matines ,Sunny Boy , Salsabeel AL- Badie
,Moroug, ,Charton ,Materna Lery Celia ,Lacstar Lailac,Nactalia. yet they are
unbalanced for providing the daily nutritional requirements for infants whom
depend on bottle feeding for six times daily in their first six month of age. As
there were an increase in daily intake for protein content and most vitamins
that included D, E, C, B1, B2, Niacin, B6, B12, and Biotin as well as most
minerals namely Calci